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1.1 ! root 1: .TH ADB 1 4/1/81 ! 2: .UC 4 ! 3: .SH NAME ! 4: adb \- debugger ! 5: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 6: .B adb ! 7: [\fB\-w\fR] [ \fB\-k\fR ] [ objfil [ corfil ] ] ! 8: .ds TW \v'.25m'\s+2~\s-2\v'-.25m' ! 9: .ds ST \v'.25m'*\v'-.25m' ! 10: .ds IM \v'.1m'=\v'-.1m'\s-2\h'-.1m'>\h'.1m'\s+2 ! 11: .ds LE \(<= ! 12: .ds LT \s-2<\s+2 ! 13: .ds GT \s-2>\s+2 ! 14: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 15: .I Adb ! 16: is a general purpose debugging program. ! 17: It may be used to examine files and to provide ! 18: a controlled environment for the execution ! 19: of UNIX programs. ! 20: .PP ! 21: .I Objfil ! 22: is normally an executable program file, preferably ! 23: containing a symbol table; ! 24: if not then the ! 25: symbolic features of ! 26: .I adb ! 27: cannot be used although the file can still ! 28: be examined. ! 29: The default for ! 30: .I objfil ! 31: is ! 32: .B a.out. ! 33: .I Corfil ! 34: is assumed to be a core image file produced after ! 35: executing ! 36: .IR objfil ; ! 37: the default for ! 38: .I corfil ! 39: is ! 40: .B core. ! 41: .PP ! 42: Requests to ! 43: .I adb ! 44: are read from the standard input and ! 45: responses are to the standard output. ! 46: If the ! 47: .B \-w ! 48: flag is present then both ! 49: .I objfil ! 50: and ! 51: .I corfil ! 52: are ! 53: created if necessary and ! 54: opened for reading and writing ! 55: so that files can be modified using ! 56: .IR adb . ! 57: .PP ! 58: The \fB\-k\fP option makes \fIadb\fP do UNIX kernel memory ! 59: mapping; it should be used when \fIcore\fP is a UNIX crash dump. ! 60: .PP ! 61: .I Adb ! 62: ignores QUIT; INTERRUPT ! 63: causes return to the next ! 64: .I adb ! 65: command. ! 66: .PP ! 67: In general requests to ! 68: .I adb ! 69: are of the form ! 70: .PP ! 71: .if n .ti 16 ! 72: .if t .ti 1.6i ! 73: [\|\fIaddress\fR\|] [\|, ! 74: .IR count \|] ! 75: [\|\fIcommand\fR\|] [\|;\|] ! 76: .PP ! 77: If ! 78: .I address ! 79: is present then ! 80: .I dot ! 81: is set to ! 82: .IR address . ! 83: Initially ! 84: .I dot ! 85: is set to 0. ! 86: For most commands ! 87: .I count ! 88: specifies how many times ! 89: the command will be executed. ! 90: The default ! 91: .I count ! 92: is 1. ! 93: .I Address ! 94: and ! 95: .I count ! 96: are expressions. ! 97: .PP ! 98: The interpretation of an address depends ! 99: on the context it is used in. ! 100: If a subprocess is being debugged then ! 101: addresses are interpreted ! 102: in the usual way in the address space of the subprocess. ! 103: If the operating system is being debugged either post-mortem or using ! 104: the special file ! 105: .B /dev/kmem ! 106: to interactive examine and/or modify memory the maps are set to map ! 107: the kernel virtual addresses which start at 0xC0000000. ! 108: For further details of address mapping see ! 109: .SM ADDRESSES. ! 110: .SH EXPRESSIONS ! 111: .TP 7.2n ! 112: .B . ! 113: The value of ! 114: .IR dot . ! 115: .TP 7.2n ! 116: + ! 117: The value of ! 118: .I dot ! 119: incremented by the current increment. ! 120: .TP 7.2n ! 121: ^ ! 122: The value of ! 123: .I dot ! 124: decremented by the current increment. ! 125: .TP 7.2n ! 126: " ! 127: The last ! 128: .I address ! 129: typed. ! 130: .TP 7.2n ! 131: .I integer ! 132: A number. The prefixes 0o and 0O (\*(lqzero oh\*(rq) force interpretation ! 133: in octal radix; the prefixes 0t and 0T force interpretation in ! 134: decimal radix; the prefixes 0x and 0X force interpretation in ! 135: hexadecimal radix. Thus 0o20 = 0t16 = 0x10 = sixteen. ! 136: If no prefix appears, then the ! 137: .I default\ radix ! 138: is used; see the $d command. The default radix is initially hexadecimal. ! 139: The hexadecimal digits are 0123456789abcdefABCDEF with the obvious ! 140: values. Note that a hexadecimal number whose most significant ! 141: digit would otherwise be an alphabetic character must have a 0x ! 142: (or 0X) prefix (or a leading zero if the default radix is hexadecimal). ! 143: .TP 7.2n ! 144: .IB integer . fraction ! 145: A 32 bit floating point number. ! 146: .TP 7.2n ! 147: .I \'cccc\|\' ! 148: The ASCII value of up to 4 characters. ! 149: \\ may be used to escape a \'. ! 150: .TP 7.2n ! 151: .I \*(LT name ! 152: The value of ! 153: .IR name , ! 154: which is either a variable name or a register name. ! 155: .I Adb ! 156: maintains a number of variables ! 157: (see ! 158: .SM VARIABLES\*S) ! 159: named by single letters or digits. ! 160: If ! 161: .I name ! 162: is a register name then ! 163: the value of the register is obtained from ! 164: the system header in ! 165: .IR corfil . ! 166: The register names are ! 167: those printed by the $r command. ! 168: .TP 7.2n ! 169: .I symbol ! 170: A ! 171: .I symbol ! 172: is a sequence ! 173: of upper or lower case letters, underscores or ! 174: digits, not starting with a digit. ! 175: .BR \\ " may be used to escape other characters." ! 176: The value of the ! 177: .I symbol ! 178: is taken from the symbol table ! 179: in ! 180: .IR objfil . ! 181: An initial \_ or \*(TW will be prepended to ! 182: .I symbol ! 183: if needed. ! 184: .TP ! 185: .I _ symbol ! 186: In C, the `true name' of an external symbol begins with _. ! 187: It may be necessary to utter this name to distinguish it ! 188: from internal or hidden variables of a program. ! 189: .TP 7.2n ! 190: .IB routine . name ! 191: The address of the variable ! 192: .I name ! 193: in the specified ! 194: C routine. ! 195: Both ! 196: .I routine ! 197: and ! 198: .I name ! 199: are ! 200: .IR symbols . ! 201: If ! 202: .I name ! 203: is omitted the value is the address of the ! 204: most recently activated C stack frame ! 205: corresponding to ! 206: .IR routine . ! 207: (This form is currently broken on the TAHOE; local variables can be examined ! 208: only with ! 209: .IR sdb (1).) ! 210: .TP 7.2n ! 211: .RI ( exp \|) ! 212: The value of the expression ! 213: .IR exp . ! 214: .LP ! 215: .SM ! 216: .B "Monadic\ operators" ! 217: .TP 7.2n ! 218: .RI \*(ST exp ! 219: The contents of the location addressed ! 220: by ! 221: .I exp ! 222: in ! 223: .IR corfil . ! 224: .TP 7.2n ! 225: .RI @ exp ! 226: The contents of the location addressed by ! 227: .I exp ! 228: in ! 229: .IR objfil . ! 230: .TP 7.2n ! 231: .RI \- exp ! 232: Integer negation. ! 233: .TP 7.2n ! 234: .RI \*(TW exp ! 235: Bitwise complement. ! 236: .TP 7.2n ! 237: .RI # exp ! 238: Logical negation. ! 239: .LP ! 240: .B "Dyadic\ operators" ! 241: are left associative ! 242: and are less binding than monadic operators. ! 243: .TP 7.2n ! 244: .IR e1 + e2 ! 245: Integer addition. ! 246: .TP 7.2n ! 247: .IR e1 \- e2 ! 248: Integer subtraction. ! 249: .TP 7.2n ! 250: .IR e1 \*(ST e2 ! 251: Integer multiplication. ! 252: .TP 7.2n ! 253: .IR e1 % e2 ! 254: Integer division. ! 255: .TP 7.2n ! 256: .IR e1 & e2 ! 257: Bitwise conjunction. ! 258: .TP 7.2n ! 259: .IR e1 \(bv e2 ! 260: Bitwise disjunction. ! 261: .TP 7.2n ! 262: .IR e1 # e2 ! 263: .I E1 ! 264: rounded up to the next multiple of ! 265: .IR e2 . ! 266: .DT ! 267: .SH COMMANDS ! 268: Most commands consist of a verb followed by a modifier or list ! 269: of modifiers. ! 270: The following verbs are available. ! 271: (The commands `?' and `/' may be followed by `\*(ST'; ! 272: see ! 273: .SM ADDRESSES ! 274: for further details.) ! 275: .TP .5i ! 276: .RI ? f ! 277: Locations starting at ! 278: .I address ! 279: in ! 280: .I objfil ! 281: are printed according to the format ! 282: .IR f . ! 283: .I dot ! 284: is incremented by the sum of the increments for each format letter (q.v.). ! 285: .TP ! 286: .RI / f ! 287: Locations starting at ! 288: .I address ! 289: in ! 290: .I corfil ! 291: are printed according to the format ! 292: .I f ! 293: and ! 294: .I dot ! 295: is incremented as for `?'. ! 296: .TP ! 297: .RI = f ! 298: The value of ! 299: .I address ! 300: itself is printed in the ! 301: styles indicated by the format ! 302: .IR f . ! 303: (For ! 304: .B i ! 305: format `?' is printed for the parts of the instruction that reference ! 306: subsequent words.) ! 307: .PP ! 308: A ! 309: .I format ! 310: consists of one or more characters that specify a style ! 311: of printing. ! 312: Each format character may be preceded by a decimal integer ! 313: that is a repeat count for the format character. ! 314: While stepping through a format ! 315: .I dot ! 316: is incremented ! 317: by the amount given for each format letter. ! 318: If no format is given then the last format is used. ! 319: The format letters available are as follows. ! 320: .ta 2.5n .5i ! 321: .RS ! 322: .TP ! 323: .BR o " 2" ! 324: Print 2 bytes in octal. ! 325: All octal numbers output by ! 326: .I adb ! 327: are preceded by 0. ! 328: .br ! 329: .ns ! 330: .TP ! 331: .BR O " 4" ! 332: Print 4 bytes in octal. ! 333: .br ! 334: .ns ! 335: .TP ! 336: .BR q " 2" ! 337: Print in signed octal. ! 338: .br ! 339: .ns ! 340: .TP ! 341: .BR Q " 4" ! 342: Print long signed octal. ! 343: .br ! 344: .ns ! 345: .TP ! 346: .BR d " 2" ! 347: Print in decimal. ! 348: .br ! 349: .ns ! 350: .TP ! 351: .BR D " 4" ! 352: Print long decimal. ! 353: .br ! 354: .ns ! 355: .TP ! 356: .BR x " 2" ! 357: Print 2 bytes in hexadecimal. ! 358: .br ! 359: .ns ! 360: .TP ! 361: .BR X " 4" ! 362: Print 4 bytes in hexadecimal. ! 363: .br ! 364: .ns ! 365: .TP ! 366: .BR z " 2" ! 367: Print 2 bytes in signed hexadecimal. ! 368: .br ! 369: .ns ! 370: .TP ! 371: .BR Z " 4" ! 372: Print 4 bytes in signed hexadecimal. ! 373: .br ! 374: .ns ! 375: .TP ! 376: .BR u " 2" ! 377: Print as an unsigned decimal number. ! 378: .br ! 379: .ns ! 380: .TP ! 381: .BR U " 4" ! 382: Print long unsigned decimal. ! 383: .br ! 384: .ns ! 385: .TP ! 386: .BR f " 4" ! 387: Print the 32 bit value ! 388: as a floating point number. ! 389: .br ! 390: .ns ! 391: .TP ! 392: .BR F " 8" ! 393: Print double floating point. ! 394: .br ! 395: .ns ! 396: .TP ! 397: .BR b " 1" ! 398: Print the addressed byte in octal. ! 399: .br ! 400: .ns ! 401: .TP ! 402: .BR c " 1" ! 403: Print the addressed character. ! 404: .br ! 405: .ns ! 406: .TP ! 407: .BR C " 1" ! 408: Print the addressed character using ! 409: the standard escape convention where control characters ! 410: are printed as ^X and the delete character is printed as ^?. ! 411: .br ! 412: .ns ! 413: .TP ! 414: .BI s " n" ! 415: Print the addressed characters until a zero character ! 416: is reached. ! 417: .br ! 418: .ns ! 419: .TP ! 420: .BI S " n" ! 421: Print a string using ! 422: the ^\fIX\fR escape convention (see \fBC\fR above). ! 423: .I n ! 424: is the length of the string including its zero terminator. ! 425: .br ! 426: .ns ! 427: .TP ! 428: .BR Y " 4" ! 429: Print 4 bytes in date format (see ! 430: .IR ctime (3)). ! 431: .br ! 432: .ns ! 433: .TP ! 434: .BR I " n" ! 435: Print as TAHOE instructions. ! 436: .I n ! 437: is the number of bytes occupied by the instruction. ! 438: This style of printing causes variables 1 and 2 to be set ! 439: to the offset parts of the source and destination respectively. ! 440: .br ! 441: .ns ! 442: .TP ! 443: .BR i " n" ! 444: Same as `I' format, but a location labeled by a global symbol ! 445: is considered a procedure's entry mask, and printed in `x' format. ! 446: .br ! 447: .ns ! 448: .TP ! 449: .BR a " 0" ! 450: Print the value of ! 451: .I dot ! 452: in symbolic form. ! 453: Symbols are checked to ensure that they have an appropriate ! 454: type as indicated below. ! 455: .LP ! 456: / local or global data symbol ! 457: .br ! 458: ? local or global text symbol ! 459: .br ! 460: = local or global absolute symbol ! 461: .TP ! 462: .BR p " 4" ! 463: Print the addressed value in symbolic form using ! 464: the same rules for symbol lookup as ! 465: .BR a . ! 466: .br ! 467: .ns ! 468: .TP ! 469: .BR t " 0" ! 470: When preceded by an integer tabs to the next ! 471: appropriate tab stop. ! 472: For example, ! 473: .B 8t ! 474: moves to the next 8-space tab stop. ! 475: .br ! 476: .ns ! 477: .TP ! 478: .BR r " 0" ! 479: Print a space. ! 480: .br ! 481: .ns ! 482: .TP ! 483: .BR n " 0" ! 484: Print a newline. ! 485: .br ! 486: .ns ! 487: .tr '" ! 488: .TP ! 489: .BR '...' " 0" ! 490: Print the enclosed string. ! 491: .br ! 492: .tr '' ! 493: .br ! 494: .ns ! 495: .TP ! 496: .B ^ ! 497: .I Dot ! 498: is decremented by the current increment. ! 499: Nothing is printed. ! 500: .br ! 501: .ns ! 502: .TP ! 503: + ! 504: .I Dot ! 505: is incremented by 1. ! 506: Nothing is printed. ! 507: .br ! 508: .ns ! 509: .TP ! 510: \- ! 511: .I Dot ! 512: is decremented by 1. ! 513: Nothing is printed. ! 514: .RE ! 515: .TP ! 516: newline ! 517: Repeat the previous command with a ! 518: .I count ! 519: of 1. ! 520: .TP ! 521: .RB [ ?/ ] l "\fI value mask\fR" ! 522: Words starting at ! 523: .I dot ! 524: are masked with ! 525: .I mask ! 526: and compared with ! 527: .I value ! 528: until ! 529: a match is found. ! 530: If ! 531: .B L ! 532: is used then the match is for 4 bytes at a time instead of 2. ! 533: If no match is found then ! 534: .I dot ! 535: is unchanged; otherwise ! 536: .I dot ! 537: is set to the matched location. ! 538: If ! 539: .I mask ! 540: is omitted then \-1 is used. ! 541: .TP ! 542: .RB [ ?/ ] w "\fI value ...\fR" ! 543: Write the 2-byte ! 544: .I value ! 545: into the addressed ! 546: location. ! 547: If the command is ! 548: .BR W , ! 549: write 4 bytes. ! 550: Odd addresses are not allowed when writing to the subprocess ! 551: address space. ! 552: .TP ! 553: [\fB?/\fR]\fBm\fI b1 e1 f1\fR[\fB?/\fR] ! 554: .br ! 555: New values for ! 556: .RI ( b1,\ e1,\ f1 ) ! 557: are recorded. ! 558: If less than three expressions are given then ! 559: the remaining map parameters are left unchanged. ! 560: If the `?' or `/' is followed by `\*(ST' then ! 561: the second segment (\fIb2\fR\|,\|\fIe2\fR\|,\|\fIf2\fR) ! 562: of the mapping is changed. ! 563: If the list is terminated by `?' or `/' then the file ! 564: (\fIobjfil\fR or ! 565: .I corfil ! 566: respectively) is used ! 567: for subsequent requests. ! 568: (So that, for example, `/m?' will cause `/' to refer to ! 569: .IR objfil .) ! 570: .TP ! 571: .BI \*(GT name ! 572: .I Dot ! 573: is assigned to the variable or register named. ! 574: .TP ! 575: .B ! ! 576: A shell is called to read the ! 577: rest of the line following `!'. ! 578: .TP ! 579: .RI $ modifier ! 580: Miscellaneous commands. ! 581: The available ! 582: .I modifiers ! 583: are: ! 584: .RS ! 585: .TP ! 586: .BI < f ! 587: Read commands from the file ! 588: .IR f . ! 589: If this command is executed in a file, further commands ! 590: in the file are not seen. ! 591: If ! 592: .I f ! 593: is omitted, the current input stream is terminated. ! 594: If a ! 595: .I count ! 596: is given, and is zero, the command will be ignored. ! 597: The value of the count will be placed in variable ! 598: .I 9 ! 599: before the first command in ! 600: .I f ! 601: is executed. ! 602: .br ! 603: .ns ! 604: .TP ! 605: .BI << f ! 606: Similar to ! 607: .B < ! 608: except it can be used in a file of commands without ! 609: causing the file to be closed. ! 610: Variable ! 611: .I 9 ! 612: is saved during the execution of this command, and restored ! 613: when it completes. ! 614: There is a (small) finite limit to the number of ! 615: .B << ! 616: files that can be open at once. ! 617: .br ! 618: .ns ! 619: .TP ! 620: .BI > f ! 621: Append output to the file ! 622: .IR f , ! 623: which is created if it does not exist. ! 624: If ! 625: .I f ! 626: is omitted, output is returned to the terminal. ! 627: .br ! 628: .ns ! 629: .TP ! 630: .B ? ! 631: Print process id, the signal which caused stoppage or termination, ! 632: as well as the registers as \fB$r\fR. This is the default if ! 633: \fImodifier\fR is omitted. ! 634: .br ! 635: .ns ! 636: .TP ! 637: .B r ! 638: Print the general registers and ! 639: the instruction addressed by ! 640: .BR pc . ! 641: .br ! 642: .ns ! 643: .TP ! 644: .B R ! 645: Print the general and special registers and ! 646: the instruction addressed by ! 647: .BR pc . ! 648: .br ! 649: .ns ! 650: .TP ! 651: .B b ! 652: Print all breakpoints ! 653: and their associated counts and commands. ! 654: .br ! 655: .ns ! 656: .TP ! 657: .B c ! 658: C stack backtrace. ! 659: If ! 660: .I address ! 661: is given then it is taken as the ! 662: address of the current frame (instead of ! 663: .BR fp ). ! 664: If ! 665: .B C ! 666: is used then the names and (32 bit) values of all automatic ! 667: and static variables are printed for each active function. ! 668: If ! 669: .I count ! 670: is given then only the first ! 671: .I count ! 672: frames are printed. ! 673: .br ! 674: .ns ! 675: .TP ! 676: .B d ! 677: Set the default radix to ! 678: .I address ! 679: and report the new value. ! 680: Negative value is signed, positive - unsigned. If no ! 681: .I address ! 682: is given, just print the current radix (in signed decimal). ! 683: Note that ! 684: .I address ! 685: is interpreted in the (old) current radix. ! 686: Thus \*(lq10$d\*(rq never changes the default radix. ! 687: To make decimal the default radix, use \*(lq0t10$d\*(rq. ! 688: .br ! 689: .ns ! 690: .TP ! 691: .B e ! 692: The names and values of ! 693: external variables are printed. ! 694: .br ! 695: .ns ! 696: .TP ! 697: .B w ! 698: Set the page width for output to ! 699: .I address ! 700: (default 80). ! 701: .br ! 702: .ns ! 703: .TP ! 704: .B s ! 705: Set the limit for symbol matches to ! 706: .I address ! 707: (default 255). ! 708: .br ! 709: .ns ! 710: .TP ! 711: .B o ! 712: All integers input are regarded as octal. ! 713: .br ! 714: .ns ! 715: .TP ! 716: .B d ! 717: Reset integer input as described in ! 718: .SM EXPRESSIONS. ! 719: .br ! 720: .ns ! 721: .TP ! 722: .B q ! 723: Exit from ! 724: .IR adb . ! 725: .br ! 726: .ns ! 727: .TP ! 728: .B v ! 729: Print all non zero variables in octal. ! 730: .br ! 731: .ns ! 732: .TP ! 733: .B m ! 734: Print the address map. ! 735: .RE ! 736: .TP ! 737: .BI : modifier ! 738: Manage a subprocess. ! 739: Available modifiers are: ! 740: .RS ! 741: .TP ! 742: .BI b c ! 743: Set breakpoint at ! 744: .IR address . ! 745: The breakpoint is executed ! 746: .IR count \-1 ! 747: times before ! 748: causing a stop. ! 749: Each time the breakpoint is encountered ! 750: the command ! 751: .I c ! 752: is executed. ! 753: If this command is omitted or sets ! 754: .I dot ! 755: to zero ! 756: then the breakpoint causes a stop. ! 757: .TP ! 758: .B d ! 759: Delete breakpoint at ! 760: .IR address . ! 761: .TP ! 762: .B r ! 763: Run ! 764: .I objfil ! 765: as a subprocess. ! 766: If ! 767: .I address ! 768: is given explicitly then the ! 769: program is entered at this point; otherwise ! 770: the program is entered at its standard entry point. ! 771: .I count ! 772: specifies how many breakpoints are to be ! 773: ignored before stopping. ! 774: Arguments to the subprocess may be supplied on the ! 775: same line as the command. ! 776: An argument starting with < or > causes the standard ! 777: input or output to be established for the command. ! 778: All signals are turned on on entry to the subprocess. ! 779: .TP ! 780: .BI c s ! 781: The subprocess is continued ! 782: with signal ! 783: .I s ! 784: c ! 785: .I s, ! 786: see ! 787: .IR signal (2). ! 788: If ! 789: .I address ! 790: is given then the subprocess ! 791: is continued at this address. ! 792: If no signal is specified then the signal ! 793: that caused the subprocess to stop is sent. ! 794: Breakpoint skipping is the same ! 795: as for ! 796: .BR r . ! 797: .TP ! 798: .BI s s ! 799: As for ! 800: .B c ! 801: except that ! 802: the subprocess is single stepped ! 803: .I count ! 804: times. ! 805: If there is no current subprocess then ! 806: .I objfil ! 807: is run ! 808: as a subprocess as for ! 809: .BR r . ! 810: In this case no signal can be sent; the remainder of the line ! 811: is treated as arguments to the subprocess. ! 812: .TP ! 813: .B k ! 814: The current subprocess, if any, is terminated. ! 815: .RE ! 816: .SH VARIABLES ! 817: .I Adb ! 818: provides a number of variables. ! 819: Named variables are set initially by ! 820: .I adb ! 821: but are not used subsequently. ! 822: Numbered variables are reserved for communication ! 823: as follows. ! 824: .TP ! 825: 0 ! 826: The last value printed. ! 827: .br ! 828: .ns ! 829: .TP ! 830: 1 ! 831: The last offset part of an instruction source. ! 832: .br ! 833: .ns ! 834: .TP ! 835: 2 ! 836: The previous value of variable 1. ! 837: .br ! 838: .ns ! 839: .TP ! 840: 9 ! 841: The count on the last $< or $<< command. ! 842: .PP ! 843: On entry the following are set ! 844: from the system header in the ! 845: .IR corfil . ! 846: If ! 847: .I corfil ! 848: does not appear to be a ! 849: .B core ! 850: file then ! 851: these values are set from ! 852: .IR objfil . ! 853: .TP ! 854: b ! 855: The base address of the data segment. ! 856: .br ! 857: .ns ! 858: .TP ! 859: d ! 860: The data segment size. ! 861: .br ! 862: .ns ! 863: .TP ! 864: e ! 865: The entry point. ! 866: .br ! 867: .ns ! 868: .TP ! 869: m ! 870: The `magic' number (0407, 0410 or 0413). ! 871: .br ! 872: .ns ! 873: .TP ! 874: s ! 875: The stack segment size. ! 876: .br ! 877: .ns ! 878: .TP ! 879: t ! 880: The text segment size. ! 881: .SH ADDRESSES ! 882: The address in a file associated with ! 883: a written address is determined by a mapping ! 884: associated with that file. ! 885: Each mapping is represented by two triples ! 886: .RI ( "b1, e1, f1" ) ! 887: and ! 888: .RI ( "b2, e2, f2" ) ! 889: and the ! 890: .I file address ! 891: corresponding to a written ! 892: .I address ! 893: is calculated as follows. ! 894: .PP ! 895: .if t .ti 1.5i ! 896: .if n .ti 8 ! 897: .IR b1 \*(LE address < e1 ! 898: \*(IM ! 899: .IR "file address" = address + f1\-b1, ! 900: otherwise, ! 901: .PP ! 902: .if t .ti 1.5i ! 903: .if n .ti 8 ! 904: .IR b2 \*(LE address < e2 ! 905: \*(IM ! 906: .IR "file address" = address + f2\-b2, ! 907: .PP ! 908: otherwise, the requested ! 909: .I address ! 910: is not legal. ! 911: In some cases (e.g. for programs with separated I and D ! 912: space) the two segments for a file may overlap. ! 913: If a ! 914: .B ? ! 915: or ! 916: .B / ! 917: is followed by an ! 918: .B \*(ST ! 919: then only the second ! 920: triple is used. ! 921: .PP ! 922: The initial setting of both mappings is suitable for ! 923: normal ! 924: .B a.out ! 925: and ! 926: .B core ! 927: files. ! 928: If either file is not of the kind expected then, for that file, ! 929: .I b1 ! 930: is set to 0, ! 931: .I e1 ! 932: is set to ! 933: the maximum file size ! 934: and ! 935: .I f1 ! 936: is set to 0; in this way the whole ! 937: file can be examined with no address translation. ! 938: .PP ! 939: So that ! 940: .I adb ! 941: may be used on large files ! 942: all appropriate values are kept as unsigned 32 bit integers. ! 943: .SH FILES ! 944: a.out ! 945: .br ! 946: core ! 947: .SH SEE\ ALSO ! 948: sdb(1), ! 949: ptrace(2), ! 950: a.out(5), ! 951: core(5) ! 952: .SH DIAGNOSTICS ! 953: `Adb' when there is no current command or format. ! 954: Comments about inaccessible files, syntax errors, ! 955: abnormal termination of commands, etc. ! 956: Exit status is 0, unless last command failed or ! 957: returned nonzero status. ! 958: .SH BUGS ! 959: Local variable addresses and names are recorded in the ! 960: .I a.out ! 961: file in a format known only to ! 962: .IR sdb (1). ! 963: .PP ! 964: Use of # for the unary logical negation operator is ! 965: peculiar. ! 966: .PP ! 967: There doesn't seem to be any way to clear all breakpoints. ! 968: .PP ! 969: The $<<f function doesn't work (and never did).
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