Return to eqn.1 CVS log

Up to [Power 6/32 Unix Tahoe 4.2BSD] / cci / usr / src / man / man1

Annotation of cci/usr/src/man/man1/eqn.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH EQN 1 "18 January 1983"
        !             2: .EQ
        !             3: delim $$
        !             4: .EN
        !             5: .SH NAME
        !             6: eqn, neqn, checkeq \- typeset mathematics
        !             7: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             8: .B eqn
        !             9: [
        !            10: .BR \-d xy
        !            11: ] [
        !            12: .BR \-p n
        !            13: ] [
        !            14: .BR \-s n
        !            15: ] [
        !            16: .BR \-f n
        !            17: ] 
        !            18: [ file ] ...
        !            19: .br
        !            20: .B checkeq
        !            21: [ file ] ...
        !            22: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            23: .I Eqn
        !            24: is a
        !            25: troff(1)
        !            26: preprocessor
        !            27: for typesetting mathematics
        !            28: on a Graphic Systems phototypesetter,
        !            29: .I neqn
        !            30: on terminals.
        !            31: Usage is almost always
        !            32: .PP
        !            33:        eqn file ... | troff
        !            34: .br
        !            35:        neqn file ... | nroff
        !            36: .PP
        !            37: If no files are specified, 
        !            38: these programs
        !            39: reads from the standard input.
        !            40: A line beginning with `.EQ' marks the start of an equation;
        !            41: the end of an equation
        !            42: is marked by a line beginning with `.EN'.
        !            43: Neither of these lines is altered,
        !            44: so they may be defined in macro packages
        !            45: to get
        !            46: centering, numbering, etc.
        !            47: It is also possible to set two characters as `delimiters';
        !            48: subsequent text between delimiters is also treated as
        !            49: .ul
        !            50: eqn
        !            51: input.
        !            52: Delimiters may be set to characters
        !            53: .I x
        !            54: and
        !            55: .I y
        !            56: with the command-line argument
        !            57: .BI \-d xy
        !            58: or (more commonly) with
        !            59: `delim
        !            60: .IR xy '
        !            61: between .EQ and .EN.
        !            62: The left and right delimiters may be identical.
        !            63: Delimiters are turned off by `delim off'.
        !            64: All text that is neither between delimiters nor between .EQ and .EN
        !            65: is passed through untouched.
        !            66: .PP
        !            67: The program
        !            68: .I checkeq
        !            69: reports missing or unbalanced delimiters and .EQ/.EN pairs.
        !            70: .PP
        !            71: Tokens within
        !            72: .I eqn
        !            73: are separated by
        !            74: spaces, tabs, newlines, braces, double quotes,
        !            75: tildes or circumflexes.
        !            76: Braces {} are used for grouping;
        !            77: generally speaking,
        !            78: anywhere a single character like
        !            79: .I x
        !            80: could appear, a complicated construction
        !            81: enclosed in braces may be used instead.
        !            82: Tilde ~ represents a full space in the output,
        !            83: circumflex ^ half as much.
        !            84: .PP
        !            85: .vs 13p
        !            86: Subscripts and superscripts are produced with the keywords
        !            87: .B sub
        !            88: and
        !            89: .B sup.
        !            90: Thus
        !            91: .I "x sub i" 
        !            92: makes
        !            93: $x sub i$, 
        !            94: .I "a sub i sup 2"
        !            95: produces
        !            96: $a sub i sup 2$,
        !            97: and
        !            98: .I "e sup {x sup 2 + y sup 2}"
        !            99: gives
        !           100: $e sup {x sup 2 + y sup 2}$.
        !           101: .PP
        !           102: Fractions are made with
        !           103: .BR over :
        !           104: .I "a over b"
        !           105: yields $a over b$.
        !           106: .PP
        !           107: .B sqrt
        !           108: makes square roots:
        !           109: .I "1 over sqrt {ax sup 2 +bx+c}"
        !           110: results in
        !           111: $1 over sqrt {ax sup 2 +bx+c}$ .
        !           112: .PP
        !           113: The keywords
        !           114: .B from
        !           115: and
        !           116: .B to
        !           117: introduce lower and upper
        !           118: limits on arbitrary things:
        !           119: $lim from {n-> inf} sum from 0 to n x sub i$
        !           120: is made with
        !           121: .I "lim from {n\-> inf } sum from 0 to n x sub i."
        !           122: .PP
        !           123: Left and right brackets, braces, etc., of the right height are made with
        !           124: .B left
        !           125: and
        !           126: .B right:
        !           127: .I "left [ x sup 2 + y sup 2 over alpha right ] ~=~1"
        !           128: produces
        !           129: $left [ x sup 2 + y sup 2 over alpha right ] ~=~1$.
        !           130: The
        !           131: .B right
        !           132: clause is optional.
        !           133: Legal characters after 
        !           134: .B left
        !           135: and
        !           136: .B right
        !           137: are braces, brackets, bars,
        !           138: .B c
        !           139: and
        !           140: .B f
        !           141: for ceiling and floor,
        !           142: and "" for nothing at all (useful for a right-side-only bracket).
        !           143: .PP
        !           144: Vertical piles of things are made with 
        !           145: .BR pile ,
        !           146: .BR lpile ,
        !           147: .BR cpile ,
        !           148: and
        !           149: .BR rpile :
        !           150: .I "pile {a above b above c}"
        !           151: produces
        !           152: $pile {a above b above c}$.
        !           153: There can be an arbitrary number of elements in a pile.
        !           154: .B lpile
        !           155: left-justifies,
        !           156: .B pile
        !           157: and
        !           158: .B cpile
        !           159: center, with different vertical spacing,
        !           160: and 
        !           161: .B rpile
        !           162: right justifies.
        !           163: .PP
        !           164: Matrices are made with
        !           165: .BR matrix :
        !           166: .I "matrix { lcol { x sub i above y sub 2 } ccol { 1 above 2 } }"
        !           167: produces
        !           168: $matrix { lcol { x sub i above y sub 2 } ccol { 1 above 2 } }$.
        !           169: In addition, there is
        !           170: .B rcol
        !           171: for a right-justified column.
        !           172: .PP
        !           173: .vs 12p
        !           174: Diacritical marks are made with
        !           175: .BR dot ,
        !           176: .BR dotdot ,
        !           177: .BR hat ,
        !           178: .BR tilde ,
        !           179: .BR bar ,
        !           180: .BR vec ,
        !           181: .BR dyad ,
        !           182: and
        !           183: .BR under :
        !           184: .I "x dot = f(t) bar"
        !           185: is
        !           186: $x dot = f(t) bar$,
        !           187: .I "y dotdot bar ~=~ n under"
        !           188: is
        !           189: $y dotdot bar ~=~ n under$,
        !           190: and
        !           191: .I "x vec ~=~ y dyad"
        !           192: is
        !           193: $x vec ~=~ y dyad$.
        !           194: .PP
        !           195: Sizes and font can be changed with
        !           196: .B size
        !           197: .I n
        !           198: or
        !           199: .B size
        !           200: .BI \(+- n,
        !           201: .BR roman ,
        !           202: .BR italic ,
        !           203: .BR bold ,
        !           204: and
        !           205: .BR font
        !           206: .I n.
        !           207: Size and fonts can be changed globally in a document by
        !           208: .B gsize
        !           209: .I n
        !           210: and
        !           211: .B gfont
        !           212: .IR n ,
        !           213: or by the command-line arguments
        !           214: .BI \-s n
        !           215: and
        !           216: .BI \-f n.
        !           217: .PP
        !           218: Normally subscripts and superscripts are reduced by
        !           219: 3 point sizes from the previous size;
        !           220: this may be changed by the command-line argument
        !           221: .BI \-p n.
        !           222: .PP
        !           223: Successive display arguments can be lined up.
        !           224: Place
        !           225: .B mark
        !           226: before the desired lineup point in the first equation;
        !           227: place
        !           228: .B lineup
        !           229: at the place that is to line up vertically in subsequent equations.
        !           230: .PP
        !           231: Shorthands may be defined
        !           232: or existing keywords redefined with
        !           233: .BI define :
        !           234: .I "define thing % replacement %"
        !           235: defines a new token called
        !           236: .I thing
        !           237: which will be replaced by
        !           238: .I replacement
        !           239: whenever it appears thereafter.
        !           240: The 
        !           241: .I %
        !           242: may be any character that does not occur in
        !           243: .I replacement.
        !           244: .PP
        !           245: Keywords like 
        !           246: .I sum
        !           247: .EQ
        !           248: ( sum )
        !           249: .EN
        !           250: .I int
        !           251: .EQ
        !           252: ( int )
        !           253: .EN
        !           254: .I inf
        !           255: .EQ
        !           256: ( inf )
        !           257: .EN
        !           258: and shorthands like
        !           259: >=
        !           260: .EQ
        !           261: (>=)
        !           262: .EN
        !           263: \->
        !           264: .EQ
        !           265: (->),
        !           266: .EN
        !           267: and
        !           268: !=
        !           269: .EQ
        !           270: ( != )
        !           271: .EN
        !           272: are recognized.
        !           273: Greek letters are spelled out in the desired case, as in
        !           274: .I alpha
        !           275: or
        !           276: .I GAMMA.
        !           277: Mathematical words like sin, cos, log are made Roman automatically.
        !           278: .IR Troff (1)
        !           279: four-character escapes like \e(bs (\(bs)
        !           280: can be used anywhere.
        !           281: Strings enclosed in double quotes "..."
        !           282: are passed through untouched;
        !           283: this permits keywords to be entered as text,
        !           284: and can be used to communicate
        !           285: with 
        !           286: .I troff
        !           287: when all else fails.
        !           288: .SH "SEE ALSO"
        !           289: .PP
        !           290: troff(1), tbl(1), ms(7), eqnchar(7)
        !           291: .br
        !           292: B. W. Kernighan and L. L. Cherry,
        !           293: .ul
        !           294: Typesetting Mathematics\(emUser's Guide
        !           295: .br
        !           296: J. F. Ossanna,
        !           297: .ul
        !           298: NROFF/TROFF User's Manual
        !           299: .SH BUGS
        !           300: .PP
        !           301: To embolden digits, parens, etc.,
        !           302: it is necessary to quote them,
        !           303: as in `bold "12.3"'.

This archive runs on limited infrastructure. Preserving old code on modern bandwidth. Automated agents are requested to crawl responsibly.