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1.1 ! root 1: .TH JOIN 1 "18 January 1983" ! 2: .SH NAME ! 3: join \- relational database operator ! 4: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 5: .B join ! 6: [ ! 7: options ! 8: ] ! 9: file1 file2 ! 10: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 11: .I Join ! 12: forms, on the standard output, ! 13: a join ! 14: of the two relations specified by the lines of ! 15: .I file1 ! 16: and ! 17: .IR file2 . ! 18: If ! 19: .I file1 ! 20: is `\-', the standard input is used. ! 21: .PP ! 22: .I File1 ! 23: and ! 24: .I file2 ! 25: must be sorted in increasing ASCII collating ! 26: sequence on the fields ! 27: on which they are to be joined, ! 28: normally the first in each line. ! 29: .PP ! 30: There is one line in the output ! 31: for each pair of lines in ! 32: .I file1 ! 33: and ! 34: .I file2 ! 35: that have identical join fields. ! 36: The output line normally consists of the common field, ! 37: then the rest of the line from ! 38: .IR file1 , ! 39: then the rest of the line from ! 40: .IR file2 . ! 41: .PP ! 42: Fields are normally separated by blank, tab or newline. ! 43: In this case, multiple separators count as one, and ! 44: leading separators are discarded. ! 45: .PP ! 46: These options are recognized: ! 47: .TP ! 48: .BI \-a n ! 49: In addition to the normal output, ! 50: produce a line for each unpairable line in file ! 51: .IR n , ! 52: where ! 53: .I n ! 54: is 1 or 2. ! 55: .TP ! 56: .BI \-e \ s ! 57: Replace empty output fields by string ! 58: .IR s . ! 59: .TP ! 60: .BI \-j n\ m ! 61: Join on the ! 62: .IR m th ! 63: field of file ! 64: .IR n . ! 65: If ! 66: .I n ! 67: is missing, use the ! 68: .IR m th ! 69: field in each file. ! 70: .TP ! 71: .BI \-o \ list ! 72: Each output line comprises the fields specified in ! 73: .IR list , ! 74: each element of which has the form ! 75: .IR n . m , ! 76: where ! 77: .I n ! 78: is a file number and ! 79: .I m ! 80: is a field number. ! 81: .PP ! 82: .TP ! 83: .BI \-t c ! 84: Use character ! 85: .I c ! 86: as a separator (tab character). ! 87: Every appearance of ! 88: .I c ! 89: in a line is significant. ! 90: .SH "SEE ALSO" ! 91: sort(1), comm(1), awk(1) ! 92: .SH BUGS ! 93: With default field separation, ! 94: the collating sequence is that of ! 95: .IR sort\ \-b ; ! 96: with ! 97: .BR \-t , ! 98: the sequence is that of a plain sort. ! 99: .PP ! 100: The conventions of ! 101: .I join, sort, comm, uniq, look ! 102: and ! 103: .IR awk (1) ! 104: are wildly incongruous.
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