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1.1 root 1: .TH NETSTAT 1 "18 October 1982"
2: .UC 4
3: .SH NAME
4: netstat \- show network status
5: .SH SYNOPSIS
6: .B netstat
7: [
8: .B \-Aahimnrs
9: ] [
10: .B \-p
11: .I protocol
12: ] [
13: .B \-a
14: ] [
15: .I interval
16: ] [
17: .I system
18: ] [
19: .I core
20: ]
21: .SH DESCRIPTION
22: The
23: .I netstat
24: command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related
25: data structures. The options have the following meaning:
26: .TP
27: .B \-A
28: show the address of any associated protocol control blocks; used
29: for debugging
30: .TP
31: .B \-a
32: show the state of all sockets; normally sockets used by
33: server processes are not shown
34: .TP
35: .B \-h
36: show the state of the IMP host table
37: .TP
38: .B \-i
39: show the state of interfaces which have been auto-configured
40: (interfaces statically configured into a system, but not
41: located at boot time are not shown)
42: .TP
43: .B \-m
44: show statistics recorded by the memory management routines
45: (the network manages a ``private share'' of memory)
46: .TP
47: .B \-n
48: show network addresses as numbers (normally
49: .I netstat
50: interprets addresses and attempts to display them
51: symbolically)
52: .TP
53: .BI \-p " proto"
54: show the state of sockets utilizing protocol
55: .IR proto ;
56: the protocol is specified symbolically, and may be any
57: protocol listed in the file
58: .IR /etc/protocols .
59: .TP
60: .B \-s
61: show per-protocol statistics
62: .TP
63: .B \-r
64: show the routing tables
65: .PP
66: The arguments,
67: .I system
68: and
69: .I core
70: allow substitutes for the defaults ``/vmunix'' and ``/dev/kmem''.
71: .PP
72: If an
73: .I interval
74: is specified,
75: .I netstat
76: will continuously display the information regarding packet
77: traffic on the configured network interfaces, pausing
78: .I interval
79: seconds before refreshing the screen.
80: .PP
81: There are a number of display formats, depending on the information
82: presented. The default display, for active sockets, shows the local
83: and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol,
84: and, optionally, the internal state of the protocol.
85: .PP
86: Address formats are of the form ``host.port'' or ``network.port''
87: if a socket's address specifies a network but no specific host address.
88: When known the host and network addresses are displayed symbolically
89: according to the data bases
90: .I /etc/hosts
91: and
92: .IR /etc/networks ,
93: respectively. If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, or if
94: the
95: .B \-n
96: option is specified, the address is printed in the Internet ``dot format'';
97: refer to
98: .IR inet (3N)
99: for more information regarding this format.
100: Unspecified,
101: or ``wildcard'', addresses and ports appear as ``*''.
102: .PP
103: The interface display provides a table of cumulative
104: statistics regarding packets transferred, errors, and collisions.
105: The network address (currently Internet specific) of the interface
106: and the maximum transmission unit (``mtu'') are also displayed.
107: .PP
108: The routing table display indicates the available routes and
109: their status. Each route consists of a destination host or network
110: and a gateway to use in forwarding packets. The flags field shows
111: the state of the route (``U'' if ``up''), and whether the route
112: is to a gateway (``G''). Direct routes are created for each
113: interface attached to the local host. The refcnt field gives the
114: current number of active uses of the route. Connection oriented
115: protocols normally hold on to a single route for the duration of
116: a connection while connectionless protocols obtain a route then
117: discard it. The use field provides a count of the number of packets
118: sent using that route. The interface entry indicates the network
119: interface utilized for the route.
120: .PP
121: When
122: .I netstat
123: is invoked with an
124: .I interval
125: argument, it displays a running count of statistics related to
126: network interfaces. This display consists of a column summarizing
127: information for all interfaces, and a column for the interface with
128: the most traffic since the system was last rebooted. The first
129: line of each screen of information contains a summary since the
130: system was last rebooted. Subsequent lines of output show values
131: accumulated over the preceding interval.
132: .SH SEE ALSO
133: iostat(1),
134: vmstat(1),
135: hosts(5),
136: networks(5),
137: protocols(5),
138: services(5),
139: trpt(8C)
140: .SH BUGS
141: The notion of errors is ill-defined. Collisions mean
142: something else for the IMP.
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