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1.1 ! root 1: .TH W 1 "15 August 1980" ! 2: .UC 4 ! 3: .SH NAME ! 4: w \- who is on and what they are doing ! 5: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 6: .B w ! 7: [ ! 8: .B \-h ! 9: ] [ ! 10: .B \-s ! 11: ] [ user ] ! 12: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 13: .I W ! 14: prints a summary of the current activity on the system, ! 15: including what each user is doing. ! 16: The heading line shows the current time of day, ! 17: how long the system has been up, ! 18: the number of users logged into the system, ! 19: and the load averages. ! 20: The load average numbers give the number of jobs in the run queue ! 21: averaged over 1, 5 and 15 minutes. ! 22: .PP ! 23: The fields output are: ! 24: the users login name, ! 25: the name of the tty the user is on, ! 26: the time of day the user logged on, ! 27: the number of minutes since the user last typed anything, ! 28: the CPU time used by all processes and their children on that terminal, ! 29: the CPU time used by the currently active processes, ! 30: the name and arguments of the current process. ! 31: .PP ! 32: The ! 33: .B \-h ! 34: flag suppresses the heading. ! 35: The ! 36: .B \-s ! 37: flag asks for a short form of output. ! 38: In the short form, the tty is abbreviated, the login time and cpu times ! 39: are left off, as are the arguments to commands. ! 40: .B \-l ! 41: gives the long output, which is the default. ! 42: .PP ! 43: If a ! 44: .I user ! 45: name is included, ! 46: the output will be restricted to that user. ! 47: .SH FILES ! 48: .ta 1i ! 49: /etc/utmp ! 50: .br ! 51: /dev/kmem ! 52: .br ! 53: /dev/drum ! 54: .SH "SEE ALSO" ! 55: who(1), finger(1), ps(1) ! 56: .SH AUTHOR ! 57: Mark Horton ! 58: .SH BUGS ! 59: The notion of the ``current process'' is muddy. ! 60: The current algorithm is ``the highest numbered process on ! 61: the terminal that is not ignoring interrupts, ! 62: or, if there is none, the highest numbered process on the terminal''. ! 63: This fails, for example, in critical sections of programs ! 64: like the shell and editor, ! 65: or when faulty programs running in the background ! 66: fork and fail to ignore interrupts. ! 67: (In cases where no process can be found, ! 68: .I w ! 69: prints ``\-''.) ! 70: .PP ! 71: The CPU time is only an estimate, in particular, if someone leaves a ! 72: background process running after logging out, the person currently ! 73: on that terminal is ``charged'' with the time. ! 74: .PP ! 75: Background processes are not shown, even though they account for ! 76: much of the load on the system. ! 77: .PP ! 78: Sometimes processes, typically those in the background, are ! 79: printed with null or garbaged arguments. ! 80: In these cases, the name of the command is printed in parentheses. ! 81: .PP ! 82: W does not know about the new conventions for detection of background jobs. ! 83: It will sometimes find a background job instead of the right one.
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