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1.1 root 1:
2:
3: find Command find
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8: Search for files satisfying a pattern
9:
10: ffiinndd _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y ... [_e_x_p_r_e_s_s_i_o_n ...]
11:
12: find traverses each given directory, testing each file or sub-
13: directory found with the expression part of the command line.
14: The test can be the basis for deciding whether to process the
15: file with a given command.
16:
17: If the command line specifies no expression or specifies no ex-
18: ecution or printing (-pprriinntt, -exec, or -ok), by default find
19: prints the pathnames of the files found.
20:
21: In the following, file means any file: directory, special file,
22: ordinary file, and so on. Numbers represented by n may be
23: optionally prefixed by a `+' or `-' sign to signify values
24: greater than n or less than n, respectively.
25:
26: find recognizes the following expression primitives:
27:
28: -aattiimmee _n
29: Match if the file was accessed in the last n days.
30:
31: -ccttiimmee _n
32: Match if the i-node associated with the file was changed
33: in the last n days, as by chmod.
34:
35: -eexxeecc _c_o_m_m_a_n_d
36: Match if command executes successfully (has a zero exit
37: status). The command consists of the following arguments
38: to find, terminated by a semicolon `;' (escaped to get
39: past the shell). find substitutes the current pathname
40: being tested for any argument of the form `{}'.
41:
42: -ggrroouupp _n_a_m_e
43: Match if the file is owned by group name. If name is a
44: number, the owner must have that group number.
45:
46: -iinnuumm _n
47: Match if the file is associated with i-number n.
48:
49: -lliinnkkss _n
50: Match if the number of links to the file is n.
51:
52: -mmttiimmee _n
53: Match if the most recent modification to the file was n
54: days ago.
55:
56: -nnaammee _p_a_t_t_e_r_n
57: Match if the file name corresponds to pattern, which may
58: include the special characters `*', `?', and `[...]'
59: recognized by the shell sh. The pattern matches only the
60: part of the file name after any slash (`/') characters.
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64: COHERENT Lexicon Page 1
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69: find Command find
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73: -nneewweerr _f_i_l_e
74: Match if the file is newer than file.
75:
76: -nnoopp Always match; does nothing.
77:
78: -ookk _c_o_m_m_a_n_d
79: Same as -exec above, except prompt interactively and only
80: executes command if the user types response `y'.
81:
82: -ppeerrmm _o_c_t_a_l
83: Match if owner, group, and other permissions of the file
84: are the octal bit pattern, as described in chmod. When
85: octal begins with a `-' character, more of the permission
86: bits (setuid, setgid, and sticky bit) become significant.
87:
88: -pprriinntt Always match; print the file name.
89:
90: -ssiizzee _n
91: Match if the file is n blocks in length; a block is 512
92: bytes long.
93:
94: -ttyyppee _c
95: Match if the type of the file is c, chosen from the set
96: bcdfmp (for block special, character special, directory,
97: ordinary file, multiplexed file, or pipe, respectively).
98:
99: -uusseerr _n_a_m_e
100: Match if the file is owned by user name. If name is a
101: number, the owner must have that user number.
102:
103: _e_x_p_1 _e_x_p_2
104: Match if both expressions match. find evaluates exp2
105: only if exp1 matches.
106:
107: _e_x_p_1 -aa _e_x_p_2
108: Match if both expressions match, as above.
109:
110: _e_x_p_1 -oo _e_x_p_2
111: Match if either expression matches. find evaluates exp2
112: only if exp1 does not match.
113:
114: ! _e_x_p Match if the expression does not match.
115:
116: ( _e_x_p )
117: Parentheses are available for expression grouping.
118:
119: ***** Examples *****
120:
121: A find command to print the names of all files and directories in
122: user fred's directory is:
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130: COHERENT Lexicon Page 2
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134:
135: find Command find
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138:
139: find /usr/fred
140:
141:
142: The following, more complicated find command prints out informa-
143: tion on all core and object (.oo) files that have not been changed
144: for a day. Because some characters are special both to find and
145: sh, they must be escaped with `\' to avoid interpretation by the
146: shell.
147:
148:
149: find / \( -name core -o -name \*.o \) -mtime +1 \
150: -exec ls -l {} \;
151:
152:
153: ***** See Also *****
154:
155: chmod, commands, ls, sh, test
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196: COHERENT Lexicon Page 3
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