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1.1 root 1:
2:
3: sed Command sed
4:
5:
6:
7:
8: Stream editor
9:
10: sseedd [ -nn ] [-ee _c_o_m_m_a_n_d_s] [-ff _s_c_r_i_p_t] ... _f_i_l_e ...
11:
12: sed is a non-interactive text editor. It reads input from each
13: file, or from the standard input if no file is named. It edits
14: the input according to commands given in the commands argument
15: and the script files. It then writes the edited text onto the
16: standard output.
17:
18: sed resembles the interactive editor ed, but its operation is
19: fundamentally different. sed normally edits one line at a time,
20: so it may be used to edit very large files. After it constructs
21: a list of commands from its commands and script arguments, sed
22: reads the input one line at a time into a work area. Then sed
23: executes each command that applies to the line, as explained
24: below. Finally, it copies the work area to the standard output
25: (unless the -n option is specified), erases the work area, and
26: reads the next input line.
27:
28: ***** Line Identifiers *****
29:
30: sed identifies input lines by integer line numbers, beginning
31: with one for the first line of the first file and continuing
32: through each successive file. The following special forms iden-
33: tify lines:
34:
35: nn A decimal number n addresses the nth line of the input.
36:
37: . A period `.' addresses the current input line.
38:
39: $ A dollar sign `$' addresses the last line of input.
40:
41: /ppaatttteerrnn/
42: A pattern enclosed within slashes addresses the next input
43: line that contains pattern. Patterns, also called regular
44: expressions, are described in detail below.
45:
46: ***** Commands *****
47:
48: Each command must be on a separate line. Most commands may be
49: optionally preceded by a line identifier (abbreviated as [n] in
50: the command summary below) or by two-line identifiers separated
51: by a comma (abbreviated as [n[,m]]). If no line identifier
52: precedes a command, sed applies the command to every input line.
53: If one line identifier precedes a command, sed applies the com-
54: mand to each input line selected by the identifier. If two-line
55: identifiers precede a command, sed begins to apply the command
56: when an input line is selected by the first, and continues ap-
57: plying it through an input line selected by the second.
58:
59: sed recognizes the following commands:
60:
61:
62:
63:
64: COHERENT Lexicon Page 1
65:
66:
67:
68:
69: sed Command sed
70:
71:
72:
73: [_n]= Output the current input line number.
74:
75: [_n[,_m]]!_c_o_m_m_a_n_d
76: Apply command to each line not identified by [n[,m]].
77:
78: [_n[,_m]]{_c_o_m_m_a_n_d...}
79: Execute each enclosed command on the given lines.
80:
81: :_l_a_b_e_l
82: Define label for use in branch or test command.
83:
84: [_n]aa\
85: Append new text after given line. New text is terminated by
86: any line not ending in `\'.
87:
88: bb [_l_a_b_e_l]
89: Branch to label, which must be defined in a `:' command. If
90: label is omitted, branch to end of command script.
91:
92: [_n[,_m]]cc\
93: Change specified lines to new text and proceed with next in-
94: put line. New text is terminated by any line not ending in
95: `\'.
96:
97: [_n[,_m]]dd
98: Delete specified lines and proceed with next input line.
99:
100: [_n[,_m]]DD
101: Delete first line in work area and proceed with next input
102: line.
103:
104: [_n[,_m]]gg
105: Copy secondary work area to work area, destroying previous
106: contents.
107:
108: [_n[,_m]]GG
109: Append secondary work area to work area.
110:
111: [_n[,_m]]hh
112: Copy work area to secondary work area, destroying previous
113: contents.
114:
115: [_n[,_m]]HH
116: Append work area to secondary work area.
117:
118: [_n]ii\
119: Insert new text before given line. New text is terminated
120: by any line not ending in `\'.
121:
122: [_n[,_m]]ll
123: Print selected lines, interpreting non-graphic characters.
124:
125: [_n[,_m]]nn
126: Print the work area and replace it with the next input line.
127:
128:
129:
130: COHERENT Lexicon Page 2
131:
132:
133:
134:
135: sed Command sed
136:
137:
138:
139: [_n[,_m]]NN
140: Append next input line preceded by a newline to work area.
141:
142: [_n[,_m]]pp
143: Print work area.
144:
145: [_n[,_m]]PP
146: Print first line of work area.
147:
148: [_n]qq Quit without reading any more input.
149:
150: [_n]rr _f_i_l_e
151: Copy file to output.
152:
153: [_n[,_m]]ss[_k]/_p_a_t_t_e_r_n_1/_p_a_t_t_e_r_n_2/[gg][pp][ww _f_i_l_e]
154: Search for pattern1 and substitute pattern2 for kth occur-
155: rence (default, first). If optional g is given, substitute
156: all occurrences. If optional p is given, print the resul-
157: ting line. If optional w is given, append the resulting
158: line to file. Patterns are described in detail below.
159:
160: [_n[,_m]]tt[_l_a_b_e_l]
161: Test if substitutions have been made. If so, branch to
162: label, which must be defined in a `:' command. If label is
163: omitted, branch to end of command script.
164:
165: [_n[,_m]]ww _f_i_l_e
166: Append lines to file.
167:
168: [_n[,_m]] xx
169: Exchange the work area and the secondary work area.
170:
171: [_n[,_m]]yy/_c_h_a_r_s/_r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t_s/
172: Translate characters in chars to the corresponding charac-
173: ters in replacements.
174:
175: ***** Patterns *****
176:
177: Substitution commands and search specifications may include pat-
178: terns, also called regular expressions. Pattern specifications
179: are identical to those of ed, except that the special characters
180: `\nn' match a newline character in the input.
181:
182: A non-special character in a pattern matches itself. Special
183: characters include the following:
184:
185: ^ Match beginning of line, unless it appears immediately after
186: `[' (see below).
187:
188: $ Match end of line.
189:
190: \nn Match the newline character.
191:
192: . Match any character except newline.
193:
194:
195:
196: COHERENT Lexicon Page 3
197:
198:
199:
200:
201: sed Command sed
202:
203:
204:
205: * Match zero or more repetitions of preceding character.
206:
207: [_c_h_a_r_s]
208: Match any one of the enclosed chars. Ranges of letters or
209: digits may be indicated using `-'.
210:
211: [^_c_h_a_r_s]
212: Match any character except one of the enclosed chars. Ran-
213: ges of letters or digits may be indicated using `-'.
214:
215: \_c Disregard special meaning of character c.
216:
217: \(_p_a_t_t_e_r_n\)
218: Delimit substring pattern; for use with \_d, described below.
219:
220: In addition, the replacement part pattern2 of the substitute com-
221: mand may also use the following:
222:
223: & Insert characters matched by pattern1.
224:
225: \_d Insert substring delimited by dth occurrence of delimiters
226: `\(' and `\)', where d is a digit.
227:
228: ***** Options *****
229:
230: sed recognizes the following options:
231:
232: -ee Next argument gives commands.
233:
234: -ff Next argument gives file name of command script.
235:
236: -nn Output lines only when explicit p or P commands are given.
237:
238: ***** See Also *****
239:
240: commands, ed
241:
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261:
262: COHERENT Lexicon Page 4
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