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Annotation of coherent/a/usr/man/COHERENT/uucp, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: 
        !             2: 
        !             3: UUCP                         Overview                        UUCP
        !             4: 
        !             5: 
        !             6: 
        !             7: 
        !             8: Unattended communication with remote systems
        !             9: 
        !            10: 
        !            11: _U_U_C_P  stands  for ``UNIX  to  UNIX  copy''.  It  is  a system  of
        !            12: commands that allows you to exchange files with other COHERENT or
        !            13: UNIX systems,  in an unattended manner.  With  UUCP, you can send
        !            14: mail to other  systems, upload files, and execute commands.  When
        !            15: configured correctly, UUCP  also lets other users upload files to
        !            16: your system, copy files  from it, and execute commands.  All this
        !            17: can be done  without your having to sit at  your console and type
        !            18: commands; thus, files can be transferred in the small hours, when
        !            19: telephone rates are lower and computers are relative free.
        !            20: 
        !            21: UUCP gives  you access  to the  Usenet, a nation-wide  network of
        !            22: UNIX  and COHERENT  users.   Access to  the Usenet  will let  you
        !            23: exchange mail with any  of the thousands of Usenet users, receive
        !            24: mail from  them, download source  code for many  useful programs,
        !            25: and read the  latest news on a host of  subjects.  For details on
        !            26: contacting  UUNET, a commercially  accessible Usenet  site, enter
        !            27: the command:
        !            28: 
        !            29: 
        !            30:         phone uunet
        !            31: 
        !            32: 
        !            33: The UUCP protocol is  implemented through a suite of commands and
        !            34: files.  The following Lexicon entries relate to UUCP:
        !            35: 
        !            36: 
        !            37:      LL-ddeevv        File that describes devices used by UUCP
        !            38:      LL.ssyyss        File that describes systems contacted by UUCP
        !            39:      PPeerrmmiissssiioonnss  FIle that sets remote system permissions
        !            40:      uuuucciiccoo       Transmit data to a remote site
        !            41:      uuuuccpp         Prepare files for transmission
        !            42:      uuuuccppnnaammee     File that sets your system's UUCP name
        !            43:      uuuuddeeccooddee     Decode a binary file sent from a remote system
        !            44:      uuuueennccooddee     Encode a binary file for sending to a remote system
        !            45:      uuuuiinnssttaallll    Help install UUCP on your system
        !            46:      uuuulloogg        Read UUCP log files
        !            47:      uuuummvvlloogg      Move UUCP log files to backup archive
        !            48:      uuuunnaammee       List UUCP names of known systems
        !            49:      uuuurrmmlloocckk     Remote UUCP lock files
        !            50:      uuuuttoouucchh      Touch a file to trigger uuuucciiccoo poll
        !            51:      uuuuxx          Execute command on a remote system
        !            52:      uuuuxxqq         Execute commands requested by a remote system
        !            53: 
        !            54: 
        !            55: The following sections discuss problems that can arise when using
        !            56: UUCP, as diagnosed by the Mark Williams Technical Support Staff.
        !            57: 
        !            58: ***** Using Trailblazer Modems With UUCP *****
        !            59: 
        !            60: The Trailblazer modem has been designed to be used with UUCP.  It
        !            61: is  extremely fast  and extremely  accurate; however,  some users
        !            62: 
        !            63: 
        !            64: COHERENT Lexicon                                           Page 1
        !            65: 
        !            66: 
        !            67: 
        !            68: 
        !            69: UUCP                         Overview                        UUCP
        !            70: 
        !            71: 
        !            72: 
        !            73: reported  problems  in using  COHERENT  UUCP  with a  Trailblazer
        !            74: modem.   The following  describes how  Mark Williams  Company has
        !            75: configured the  Trailblazer modem that it  uses under COHERENT at
        !            76: 9600 baud.
        !            77: 
        !            78: To begin,  the following  gives the permissions  in /uussrr/lliibb/uuuuccpp
        !            79: for selected files:
        !            80: 
        !            81: 
        !            82: -rw-r--r--  1 uucp     uucp       196 Wed May 23 10:16 L-devices
        !            83: -rw-r--r--  1 uucp     uucp       740 Tue May 22 15:40 L.sys
        !            84: -rw-r--r--  1 uucp     uucp      2151 Wed Jul 11 10:44 Permissions
        !            85: 
        !            86: 
        !            87: The  following gives  partial contents  of  file /uussrr/lliibb/uuuuccpp/LL-
        !            88: ddeevviicceess:
        !            89: 
        !            90: 
        !            91: #type    line   remote  baud    brand
        !            92: #-----  ------  ------  ----    -----
        !            93: ACU     com3l   com3r   2400    tb2400
        !            94: ACU     com3l   com3r   9600    tbfast
        !            95: 
        !            96: 
        !            97: The following gives  partial contents of file /uussrr/lliibb/uuuuccpp/LL.ssyyss
        !            98: (note that # should be replaced by the actual phone number):
        !            99: 
        !           100: 
        !           101: uunet Any ACU 9600 # FAST \d\r\c in:-\r-in: \dmwc\r\c rd: PASSWORD\r
        !           102: 
        !           103: 
        !           104: The      following       gives      partial      contents      of
        !           105: /uussrr/lliibb/uuuuccpp/PPeerrmmiissssiioonnss:
        !           106: 
        !           107: 
        !           108: MACHINE=uunet LOGNAME=uuunet \
        !           109:              COMMANDS=rmail:rnews: \
        !           110:              READ=/usr/spool/uucppublic:/tmp \
        !           111:              WRITE=/usr/spool/uucppublic:/tmp \
        !           112:              SENDFILES=yes REQUEST=no
        !           113: 
        !           114: 
        !           115: The  following gives  permissions  and partial  contents of  file
        !           116: /eettcc/ttttyyss:
        !           117: 
        !           118: 
        !           119: -rw-r--r--  1 root   root   163 Wed Jul 11 11:36 /etc/ttys
        !           120: 
        !           121: 1lPconsole
        !           122: 1rPcom3r
        !           123: 
        !           124: 
        !           125: Finally,  the following  gives permissions  on  /ddeevv/ccoomm33rr (while
        !           126: enabled):
        !           127: 
        !           128: 
        !           129: 
        !           130: COHERENT Lexicon                                           Page 2
        !           131: 
        !           132: 
        !           133: 
        !           134: 
        !           135: UUCP                         Overview                        UUCP
        !           136: 
        !           137: 
        !           138: 
        !           139: 
        !           140: c--s------  1 root   root   21  38 Wed Jul 11 11:50 /dev/com3r
        !           141: 
        !           142: 
        !           143: To use  the Trailblazer, log  in as rroooott, and  type the following
        !           144: commands:
        !           145: 
        !           146: 
        !           147:              disable com3r
        !           148:              kermit cbl 9600 /dev/com3l > /tmp/modem_dump
        !           149: 
        !           150: 
        !           151: Note  that  we  disabled  the  ``remote''  device  but  used  the
        !           152: ``local''  modem device  when  using kkeerrmmiitt.  This  allows us  to
        !           153: access the  modem registers without having to  wait for the modem
        !           154: to assert the carrier detect signal.
        !           155: 
        !           156: While talking to the Trailblazer, we sent it AATTNN? followed by the
        !           157: <EEnntteerr> key.  We then entered ^ (the  circumflex) followed by the
        !           158: letter CC  in order to  exit from kkeerrmmiitt. The  following gives the
        !           159: results contained in file /ttmmpp/mmooddeemm_dduummpp:
        !           160: 
        !           161: 
        !           162: kermit: connected...
        !           163: 
        !           164: E0 F1 M1 Q9 T V0 W0 X3 Y0 &P0 &T4     Version BA5.01
        !           165: S00=001 S01=000 S02=043 S03=013 S04=010 S05=008 S06=002 S07:060 \
        !           166:              S08=002 S09=006
        !           167: S10=007 S11=070 S12=050 S18=000 S25=005 S38=000
        !           168: S41=000 S45=000 S47=004 S48:001 S49=000
        !           169: S50=000 S51:252 S52=000         S54:003 S55=000 S56=017 S57=019 \
        !           170:              S58:000 S59=000
        !           171: S60=000 S61:230 S62=003 S63=001 S64=000 S65=000 S66=000 S67=000 \
        !           172:              S68=255 S69=000
        !           173: S90=000 S91=000 S92=000 S94=001 S95=000 S96=001
        !           174: S100=000 S101=000 S102=000 S104=000 S105=001
        !           175: S110=255 S111=255 S112=001
        !           176: S121=000 S130=002 S131:001 S255=000
        !           177: N0:
        !           178: N1:
        !           179: N2:
        !           180: N3:
        !           181: N4:
        !           182: N5:
        !           183: N6:
        !           184: N7:
        !           185: N8:
        !           186: N9:
        !           187: 0
        !           188: kermit: disconnected.
        !           189: 
        !           190: 
        !           191: ***** /etc/ttys Problems *****
        !           192: 
        !           193: Sometimes,  UUCP problems  will arise because  the entry  in file
        !           194: 
        !           195: 
        !           196: COHERENT Lexicon                                           Page 3
        !           197: 
        !           198: 
        !           199: 
        !           200: 
        !           201: UUCP                         Overview                        UUCP
        !           202: 
        !           203: 
        !           204: 
        !           205: /eettcc/ttttyyss  for the  serial port  your modem  is using,  is either
        !           206: missing or is incorrect.
        !           207: 
        !           208: To discover  which port UUCP  thinks your modem  is using, invoke
        !           209: the command  uuuuiinnssttaallll. Then, under  its DDeevviicceess option,  look at
        !           210: the _r_e_m_o_t_e  line.  The remote  device you specified  on this line
        !           211: must be described in file /eettcc/ttttyyss.  If it is not, then you will
        !           212: find  statements in  the log  file for the  site you  are calling
        !           213: stating that a device was not found.
        !           214: 
        !           215: If you  see errors in the  log files that state  that a device is
        !           216: not found, and you have checked the ``remote'' entry in uuuuiinnssttaallll
        !           217: against the contents of /eettcc/ttttyyss, the next possible cause may be
        !           218: the /eettcc/ttttyyss  entry for the  port.  Look for  trailing spaces at
        !           219: the end of  the line that describes the ccoomm  port.  If you find a
        !           220: space at the end of a line, delete it.
        !           221: 
        !           222: ***** com Port Driver Permissions *****
        !           223: 
        !           224: By far, the most common problem deals with permissions associated
        !           225: with the ccoomm port devices.  If you are trying to get UUCP to call
        !           226: out on a port, and keep seeing errors of the form
        !           227: 
        !           228: 
        !           229:              Dial failed, Line Problem
        !           230: 
        !           231: 
        !           232: in the  output of uuuulloogg, you  may need to fix  permissions on the
        !           233: port in question.
        !           234: 
        !           235: If you are using one ccoomm  port both for remote logins and to call
        !           236: out using  UUCP, note the  following: When a port  is enabled for
        !           237: remote  access via  a  modem, the  permissions for  the port  are
        !           238: changed  so that  only the  superuser rroooott  can access  the port.
        !           239: This prevents someone  from inadvertently trying to send data out
        !           240: the port.  When the port is  later disabled so that UUCP can dial
        !           241: out, the  permissions for that  ccoomm port _a_r_e _n_o_t  changed to give
        !           242: everyone access  to the port.  Remember,  when UUCP is executing,
        !           243: it is just another user with  the name ``uucp'' and does not have
        !           244: rroooott privileges.
        !           245: 
        !           246: To set  the permissions properly, use the  command cchhmmoodd to reset
        !           247: the permission  of the  ccoomm port  device in directory  /ddeevv.  For
        !           248: example,  if your  UUCP connection  is via ccoomm11rr,  log in  as the
        !           249: superuser rroooott and enter the command:
        !           250: 
        !           251: 
        !           252:              chmod 666 /dev/com1*
        !           253: 
        !           254: 
        !           255: Usually,  serial ports  should  have read  and write  permissions
        !           256: turned on for all users.  The main exception to this rule is that
        !           257: a port enabled for  logins becomes readable and writeable only by
        !           258: rroooott. This  not a problem for  UUCP as the port  is disabled (and
        !           259: permissions expanded) temporarily when uuuucciiccoo runs.
        !           260: 
        !           261: 
        !           262: COHERENT Lexicon                                           Page 4
        !           263: 
        !           264: 
        !           265: 
        !           266: 
        !           267: UUCP                         Overview                        UUCP
        !           268: 
        !           269: 
        !           270: 
        !           271: 
        !           272: ***** Lock Files and Temporary Files *****
        !           273: 
        !           274: UUCP controls access to  the modem and to various directories and
        !           275: sites via a set of ``lock  files''.  This is to prevent UUCP from
        !           276: tripping over  its own feet by attempting to  write more than one
        !           277: file to the same site at the same site.
        !           278: 
        !           279: When a UUCP session fails, it  may fail to remove all of its lock
        !           280: files  before it  exits, depending  upon  the seriousness  of the
        !           281: failure.  ``Stale''  lock files and temporary  files in directory
        !           282: will  prevent  UUCP from  accessing  a given  site  or even  from
        !           283: working altogether.  Symptoms of this problem are messages in the
        !           284: log files that state:
        !           285: 
        !           286: 
        !           287:              Site locked
        !           288: 
        !           289: 
        !           290: This, of  course, is not  indicative of a problem  unless no UUCP
        !           291: connection has been made recently (within the last minute or so).
        !           292: To cure this problem, log in as the superuser rroooott and then enter
        !           293: the command:
        !           294: 
        !           295: 
        !           296:              uurmlock
        !           297: 
        !           298: 
        !           299: This will remove all ``stale'' lock or temporary files.
        !           300: 
        !           301: ***** UUCP Configuration Files *****
        !           302: 
        !           303: By far the  most common cause of problems are  mistakes in one or
        !           304: another UUCP configuration  file.  If problems persist, check all
        !           305: UUCP  configuration  files  against  the  descriptions  found  in
        !           306: correspondingly  named Lexicon articles.   The files  in question
        !           307: are ttttyyss, LL-ddeevviicceess, LL.ssyyss, and PPeerrmmiissssiioonnss.
        !           308: 
        !           309: ***** UUCP Executable File Permissions *****
        !           310: 
        !           311: UUCP commands can invoke each other from time to time.  If a UUCP
        !           312: executable file's  permissions are set  incorrectly, that command
        !           313: may be prevented from being executed under certain conditions, or
        !           314: from reading or writing certain key files.
        !           315: 
        !           316: Key    UUCP    executable    files   are    /uussrr/lliibb/uuuuccpp/uuuucciiccoo,
        !           317: /uussrr/lliibb/uuuuccpp/uuuuxxqqtt, /uussrr/bbiinn/uuuuccpp, and /uussrr/bbiinn/uuuuxx. These files
        !           318: must belong  to user and  group uuuuccpp. Permissions  on these files
        !           319: must  be 6511  (-r-s--s--x).   See the  Lexicon  article for  the
        !           320: command cchhmmoodd for further details on how to reset permissions for
        !           321: files.
        !           322: 
        !           323: ***** UUCP Connects, but ... *****
        !           324: 
        !           325: Once UUCP  is dialing out, it is  extremely difficult to diagnose
        !           326: 
        !           327: 
        !           328: COHERENT Lexicon                                           Page 5
        !           329: 
        !           330: 
        !           331: 
        !           332: 
        !           333: UUCP                         Overview                        UUCP
        !           334: 
        !           335: 
        !           336: 
        !           337: problems, as they can occur  at either end of the connection.  In
        !           338: most  cases, one  must  know both  systems  to diagnose  problems
        !           339: related to  communication problems.  Check the following:
        !           340: 
        !           341: -> Check your  chat scripts.   Contact the other  system's system
        !           342:    administrator to  be sure that  you are expecting  the correct
        !           343:    prompts in the chat script for the system you are calling.
        !           344: 
        !           345: -> Use  the debugging  mode  of uuuucciiccoo  to watch  communications.
        !           346:    Debugging mode  is accessed using the  uuuucciiccoo command suffixed
        !           347:    by a  -xx#, where #  is 1 to  9 which determines  the debugging
        !           348:    level.  For example
        !           349: 
        !           350:                 /usr/lib/uucp/uucico -Smwcbbs -x1
        !           351: 
        !           352:    Please note, the  uuuucciiccoo debugging option is incompatible with
        !           353:    certain non-COHERENT versions of uuuucciiccoo.
        !           354: 
        !           355: -> Note  also  that  the COHERENT  default  mailer  does not  yet
        !           356:    support domains.  If  domain information is being sent to your
        !           357:    system,  an error  may  result and  possibly cause  unexpected
        !           358:    results or  errors from uuuucciiccoo.  The  error will usually state
        !           359:    that a  log file could  not be written  to.  Alternate mailers
        !           360:    are available from the various COHERENT archive sites, as well
        !           361:    as the MWC UUCP bulletin board system.
        !           362: 
        !           363: ***** Remote Won't Accept Files ... Where'd My Mail Go? *****
        !           364: 
        !           365: If  you see  messages in  your log  files that  a site  would not
        !           366: accept a  file from your  site, the other  site may not  have its
        !           367: permissions set to allow you to send files to it, or to write the
        !           368: files you are sending to a directory that you specified.
        !           369: 
        !           370: When sending  files across systems, check the  length of the site
        !           371: name.  Currently,  COHERENT can only work  with a seven-character
        !           372: or shorter  site name.   If you  are using an  eight-character or
        !           373: longer  site name,  COHERENT will  not properly  distribute files
        !           374: transferred from  your site.  To change the  name of your system,
        !           375: edit the contents of file /eettcc/uuuuccppnnaammee.
        !           376: 
        !           377: ***** See Also *****
        !           378: 
        !           379: ccoomm, ccoommmmaannddss, LL-ddeevv, LL.ssyyss, PPeerrmmiissssiioonnss, tteerrmmiinnaall, uuuucciiccoo, uuuuccpp,
        !           380: uuuuccppnnaammee, uuuuddeeccooddee, uuuueennccooddee,  uuuuiinnssttaallll, uuuulloogg, uuuummvvlloogg, uuuunnaammee,
        !           381: uuuurrmmlloocckk, uuuuttoouucchh, uuuuxx, uuuuxxqqtt
        !           382: _U_U_C_P, _R_e_m_o_t_e _C_o_m_m_u_n_i_c_a_t_i_o_n_s _U_t_i_l_i_t_y, tutorial
        !           383: 
        !           384: 
        !           385: 
        !           386: 
        !           387: 
        !           388: 
        !           389: 
        !           390: 
        !           391: 
        !           392: 
        !           393: 
        !           394: COHERENT Lexicon                                           Page 6
        !           395: 
        !           396: 

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