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1.1 root 1:
2: Elvis 1.4 COLON MODE COMMANDS Page 3-1
3:
4:
5: E3. COLON MODE COMMANDSF
6:
7: -1lines command arguments -0
8: [line] -1a-0ppend
9: -1ar-0gs [files]
10: -1cc-0 [files]
11: -1cd-0 [directory]
12: [line][,line] -1c-0hange
13: -1chd-0ir [directory]
14: [line][,line] -1co-0py line
15: [line][,line] -1d-0elete ["x]
16: -1di-0graph[!] [XX [Y]]
17: -1e-0dit[!] [file]
18: -1er-0rlist[!] [errlist]
19: -1e-0x[!] [file]
20: -1f-0ile [file]
21: [line][,line] -1g-0lobal /regexp/ command
22: [line] -1i-0nsert
23: [line][,line] -1j-0oin
24: [line][,line] -1l-0ist
25: -1mak-0e [target]
26: -1ma-0p[!] key mapped_to
27: [line] mar-1k-0 x
28: -1mk-0exrc
29: [line][,line] -1m-0ove line
30: -1n-0ext[!] [files]
31: -1N-0ext[!]
32: [line][,line] -1nu-0mber
33: -1pre-0vious[!]
34: [line][,line] -1p-0rint
35: [line] -1pu-0t ["x]
36: -1q-0uit[!]
37: [line] -1r-0ead file
38: -1rew-0ind[!]
39: -1se-0t [options]
40: -1so-0urce file
41: [line][,line] -1s-0ubstitute /regexp/replacement/[p][g][c]
42: -1ta-0g[!] tagname
43: [line][,line] -1t-0o line
44: -1u-0ndo
45: -1unm-0ap[!] key
46: -1ve-0rsion
47: [line][,line] -1v-0global /regexp/ command
48: -1vi-0sual
49: -1wq-0
50: [line][,line] -1w-0rite[!] [[>>]file]
51: -1x-0it[!]
52: [line][,line] -1y-0ank ["x]
53: [line][,line] -1!-0 command
54: [line][,line] -1<-0
55: [line][,line] -1=-0
56: [line][,line] -1>-0
57: [line][,line] -1&-0
58: -1@-0 "x
59:
60:
61:
62:
63:
64:
65:
66:
67:
68: Elvis 1.4 COLON MODE COMMANDS Page 3-2
69:
70:
71: To use colon mode commands, you must switch from visual command
72: mode to colon command mode. The visual mode commands to do this
73: are ":" for a single colon command, or "Q" for many colon mode
74: commands.
75:
76:
77: E3.1 Line SpecifiersF
78:
79: Line specifiers are always optional. The first line specifier
80: of most commands usually defaults to the current line. The second
81: line specifier usually defaults to be the same as the first line
82: specifier. Exceptions are :write, :global, and :vglobal, which act
83: on all lines of the file by default, and :!, which acts on no lines
84: by default.
85:
86: Line specifiers consist of an absolute part and a relative
87: part. The absolute part of a line specifier may be either an
88: explicit line number, a mark, a dot to denote the current line, a
89: dollar sign to denote the last line of the file, or a forward or
90: backward search.
91:
92: An explicit line number is simply a decimal number, expressed as
93: a string of digits.
94:
95: A mark is typed in as an apostrophe followed by a letter. Marks
96: must be set before they can be used. You can set a mark in visual
97: command mode by typing "m" and a letter, or you can set it in colon
98: command mode via the "mark" command.
99:
100: A forward search is typed in as a regular expression surrounded
101: by slash characters; searching begins at the default line. A
102: backward search is typed in as a regular expression surrounded by
103: question marks; searching begins at the line before the default
104: line.
105:
106: If you omit the absolute part, then the default line is used.
107:
108: The relative part of a line specifier is typed as a "+" or "-"
109: character followed by a decimal number. The number is added to or
110: subtracted from the absolute part of the line specifier to produce
111: the final line number.
112:
113: As a special case, the % character may be used to specify all
114: lines of the file. It is roughly equivelent to saying 1,$. This
115: can be a handy shortcut.
116:
117: Some examples:
118:
119: :p print the current line
120: :37p print line 37
121: :'gp print the line which contains mark g
122: :/foo/p print the next line that contains "foo"
123: :$p print the last line of the file
124: :20,30p print lines 20 through 30
125: :1,$p print all lines of the file
126: :%p print all lines of the file
127: :/foo/-2,+4p print 5 lines around the next "foo"
128:
129:
130:
131:
132:
133:
134: Elvis 1.4 COLON MODE COMMANDS Page 3-3
135:
136:
137: E3.2 Text Entry CommandsF
138:
139: [line] append
140: [line][,line] change ["x]
141: [line] insert
142:
143: The -1a-0ppend command inserts text after the specified line.
144:
145: The -1i-0nsert command inserts text before the specified line.
146:
147: The -1c-0hange command copies the range of lines into a cut buffer,
148: deletes them, and inserts new text where the old text used to be.
149:
150: For all of these commands, you indicate the end of the text
151: you're inserting by hitting ^D or by entering a line which contains
152: only a period.
153:
154:
155: E3.3 Cut & Paste CommandsF
156:
157: [line][,line] delete ["x]
158: [line][,line] yank ["x]
159: [line] put ["x]
160: [line][,line] copy line
161: [line][,line] to line
162: [line][,line] move line
163:
164: The -1d-0elete command copies the specified range of lines into a
165: cut buffer, and then deletes them.
166:
167: The -1y-0ank command copies the specified range of lines into a cut
168: buffer, but does *not* delete them.
169:
170: The -1pu-0t command inserts text from a cut buffer after the
171: specified line.
172:
173: The -1co-0py and -1t-0o commands yank the specified range of lines and
174: then immediately paste them after some other line.
175:
176: The -1m-0ove command deletes the specified range of lines and then
177: immediately pastes them after some other line. If the destination
178: line comes after the deleted text, then it will be adjusted
179: automatically to account for the deleted lines.
180:
181:
182: E3.4 Display Text CommandsF
183:
184: [line][,line] print
185: [line][,line] list
186: [line][,line] number
187:
188: The -1p-0rint command displays the specified range of lines.
189:
190: The -1nu-0mber command displays the lines, with line numbers.
191:
192:
193:
194:
195:
196:
197:
198:
199:
200: Elvis 1.4 COLON MODE COMMANDS Page 3-4
201:
202:
203: The -1l-0ist command also displays them, but it is careful to make
204: control characters visible.
205:
206:
207: E3.5 Global Operations CommandsF
208:
209: [line][,line] global /regexp/ command
210: [line][,line] vglobal /regexp/ command
211:
212: The -1g-0lobal command searches through the lines of the specified
213: range (or through the whole file if no range is specified) for
214: lines that contain a given regular expression. It then moves the
215: cursor to each of these lines and runs some other command on them.
216:
217: The -1v-0global command is similar, but it searches for lines that
218: -1don't-0 contain the regular expression.
219:
220:
221: E3.6 Line Editing CommandsF
222:
223: [line][,line] join
224: [line][,line] ! program
225: [line][,line] <
226: [line][,line] >
227: [line][,line] substitute /regexp/replacement/[p][g][c]
228: [line][,line] &
229:
230: The -1j-0oin command catenates all lines in the specified range
231: together to form one big line. If only a single line is specified,
232: then the following line is catenated onto it.
233:
234: The -1!-0 command runs an external filter program, and feeds the
235: specified range of lines to it's stdin. The lines are then
236: replaced by the output of the filter. A typical example would be
237: ":'a,'z!sort" to sort the lines 'a,'z.
238:
239: The -1<-0 and -1>-0 commands shift the specified range of lines left or
240: right, normally by the width of 1 tab character. The "shiftwidth"
241: option determines the shifting amount.
242:
243: The -1s-0ubstitute command finds the regular expression in each
244: line, and replaces it with the replacement text. The "p" option
245: causes the altered lines to be printed. The "g" option permits all
246: instances of the regular expression to be found & replaced.
247: (Without "g", only the first occurrence in each line is replaced.)
248: The "c" option asks for confirmation before each substitution.
249:
250: The -1&-0 command repeats the previous substitution command.
251: Actually, "&" is equivelent to "s//~/" with the same options as
252: last time. It searches for the last regular expression that you
253: specified for any purpose, and replaces it with the the same text
254: that was used in the previous substitution.
255:
256:
257:
258:
259:
260:
261:
262:
263:
264:
265:
266: Elvis 1.4 COLON MODE COMMANDS Page 3-5
267:
268:
269: E3.7 Undo CommandF
270:
271: undo
272:
273: The -1u-0ndo command restores the file to the state it was in before
274: your most recent command which changed text.
275:
276:
277: E3.8 Configuration & Status CommandsF
278:
279: map[!] [key mapped_to]
280: unmap[!] key
281: abbr [word expanded_form_of_word]
282: unabbr word
283: digraph[!] [XX [Y]]
284: set [options]
285: mkexrc
286: [line] mark "x
287: visual
288: version
289: [line][,line] =
290: file [file]
291: source file
292: @ "x
293:
294: The -1ma-0p command allows you to configure Elvis to recognize your
295: function keys, and treat them as though they transmitted some other
296: sequence of characters. Normally this mapping is done only when in
297: the visual command mode, but with the [!] present it will map keys
298: under all contexts. When this command is given with no arguments,
299: it prints a table showing all mappings currently in effect. When
300: called with two arguments, the first is the sequence that your
301: function key really sends, and the second is the sequence that you
302: want Elvis to treat it as having sent.
303:
304: The -1unm-0ap command removes key definitions that were made via the
305: map command.
306:
307: The -1ab-0br command is used to define/list a table of
308: abbreviations. The table contains both the abbreviated form and
309: the fully spelled-out form. When you're in visual input mode, and
310: you type in the abbreviated form, Elvis will replace the
311: abbreviated form with the fully spelled-out form. When this
312: command is called without arguments, it lists the table; with two
313: or more arguments, the first argument is taken as the abbreviated
314: form, and the rest of the command line is the fully-spelled out
315: form.
316:
317: The -1una-0bbr command deletes entries from the abbr table.
318:
319: The -1di-0graph command allows you to display the set of digraphs
320: that Elvis is using, or add/remove a digraph. To list the set of
321: digraphs, use the digraph command with no arguments. To add a
322: digraph, you should give the digraph command two arguments. The
323: first argument is the two ASCII characters that are to be combined;
324: the second is the non-ASCII character that they represent. The
325: non-ASCII character's most significant bit is automatically set by
326: the digraph command, unless to append a ! to the command name.
327:
328:
329:
330:
331:
332: Elvis 1.4 COLON MODE COMMANDS Page 3-6
333:
334:
335: Removal of a digraph is similar to adding a digraph, except that
336: you should leave off the second argument.
337:
338: The -1se-0t command allows you examine or set various options. With
339: no arguments, it displays the values of options that have been
340: changed. With the single argument "all" it displays the values of
341: all options, regardless of whether they've been explicitly set or
342: not. Otherwise, the arguments are treated as options to be set.
343:
344: The -1mk-0exrc command saves the current configuration to a file
345: called ".exrc" in the current directory.
346:
347: The mar-1k-0 command defines a named mark to refer to a specific
348: place in the file. This mark may be used later to specify lines
349: for other commands.
350:
351: The -1vi-0sual command puts the editor into visual mode. Instead of
352: emulating ex, Elvis will start emulating vi.
353:
354: The -1ve-0rsion command tells you that what version of Elvis this
355: is.
356:
357: The -1=-0 command tells you what line you specified, or, if you
358: specified a range of lines, it will tell you both endpoints and the
359: number of lines included in the range.
360:
361: The -1f-0ile command tells you the name of the file, whether it has
362: been modified, the number of lines in the file, and the current
363: line number. You can also use it to change the name of the current
364: file.
365:
366: The -1so-0urce command reads a sequence of colon mode commands from
367: a file, and interprets them.
368:
369: The -1@-0 command executes the contents of a cut-buffer as EX
370: commands.
371:
372:
373: E3.9 Multiple File CommandsF
374:
375: args [files]
376: next[!] [files]
377: Next[!]
378: previous[!]
379: rewind[!]
380:
381: When you invoke Elvis from your shell's command line, any
382: filenames that you give to Elvis as arguments are stored in the
383: args list. The -1ar-0gs command will display this list, or define a
384: new one.
385:
386: The -1n-0ext command switches from the current file to the next one
387: in the args list. You may specify a new args list here, too.
388:
389: The -1N-0ext and -1pre-0vious commands (they're really aliases for the
390: same command) switch from the current file to the preceding file in
391: the args list.
392:
393:
394:
395:
396:
397:
398: Elvis 1.4 COLON MODE COMMANDS Page 3-7
399:
400:
401: The -1rew-0ind command switches from the current file to the first
402: file in the args list.
403:
404:
405: E3.10 Switching FilesF
406:
407: edit[!] [file]
408: tag[!] tagname
409:
410: The -1e-0dit command allows to switch from the current file to some
411: other file. This has nothing to do with the args list, by the
412: way.
413:
414: The -1ta-0g command looks up a given tagname in a file called
415: "tags". This tells it which file the tag is in, and how to find it
416: in that file. Elvis then switches to the tag's file and finds the
417: tag.
418:
419:
420: E3.11 Working with a CompilerF
421:
422: cc [files]
423: make [target]
424: errlist[!] [errlist]
425:
426: The -1cc-0 and -1mak-0e commands execute your compiler or "make" utility
427: and redirect any error messages into a file called "errlist". By
428: default, cc is run on the current file. (You should write it
429: before running cc.) The contents of the "errlist" file are then
430: scanned for error messages. If an error message is found, then the
431: cursor is moved to the line where the error was detected, and the
432: description of the error is displayed on the status line.
433:
434: After you've fixed one error, the -1er-0rlist command will move the
435: cursor to the next error. In visual command mode, hitting `*' will
436: do this, too.
437:
438: You can also create an "errlist" file from outside of Elvis, and
439: use "elvis -m" to start elvis and have the cursor moved to the
440: first error. Note that you don't need to supply a filename with
441: "elvis -m" because the error messages always say which source file
442: an error is in.
443:
444: Note: When you use errlist repeatedly to fix several errors in a
445: single file, it will attempt to adjust the reported line numbers to
446: allow for lines that you have inserted or deleted. These
447: adjustments are made with the assumption that you will work though
448: the file from the beginning to the end.
449:
450:
451: E3.12 Exit CommandsF
452:
453: quit[!]
454: wq
455: xit
456:
457:
458:
459:
460:
461:
462:
463:
464: Elvis 1.4 COLON MODE COMMANDS Page 3-8
465:
466:
467: The -1q-0uit command exits from the editor without saving your
468: file.
469:
470: The -1wq-0 command writes your file out, then then exits.
471:
472: The -1x-0it command is similar to the -1wq-0 command, except that -1x-0it
473: won't bother to write your file if you haven't modified it.
474:
475:
476: E3.13 File I/O CommandsF
477:
478: [line] read file
479: [line][,line] write[!] [[>>]file]
480:
481: The -1r-0ead command gets text from another file and inserts it
482: after the specified line. It can also read the output of a
483: program; simply precede the program name by a '!' and use it in
484: place of the file name.
485:
486: The -1w-0rite command writes the whole file, or just part of it, to
487: some other file. The !, if present, will permit the lines to be
488: written even if you've set the readonly option. If you precede the
489: filename by >> then the lines will be appended to the file.
490:
491:
492: E3.14 Directory CommandsF
493:
494: cd [directory]
495: chdir [directory]
496: shell
497:
498: The -1cd-0 and -1chd-0ir commands (really two names for one command)
499: switch the current working directory.
500:
501: The -1sh-0ell command starts an interactive shell.
502:
503:
504: E3.15 Debugging CommandsF
505:
506: [line][,line] debug[!]
507: validate[!]
508:
509: These commands are only available if you compile Elvis with the
510: -DDEBUG flag.
511:
512: The de-1b-0ug command lists statistics for the blocks which contain
513: the specified range of lines. If the ! is present, then the
514: contents of those blocks is displayed, too.
515:
516: The -1va-0lidate command checks certain variables for internal
517: consistency. Normally it doesn't output anything unless it detects
518: a problem. With the !, though, it will always produce *some*
519: output.
520:
521:
522:
523:
524:
525:
526:
527:
528:
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