![[BACK]](/cvsweb/icons/back.gif){kind=icon}
Return to pax.man CVS log ![[TXT]](/cvsweb/icons/text.gif){kind=icon}
![[DIR]](/cvsweb/icons/dir.gif){kind=icon}
Up to [MW Coherent from dump] / coherent / d / usr / bin / pax / shipping|
Return to pax.man CVS log | Up to [MW Coherent from dump] / coherent / d / usr / bin / pax / shipping |
1.1 root 1: PAX COHERENT (USENIX Association) PAX
2: NAME
3: pax - portable archive exchange
4: SYNOPSIS
5: pax [-cimopuvy] [-f archive] [-s replstr] [-t device]
6: [pattern...]
7: pax -r [-cimnopuvy] [-f archive] [-s replstr] [-t device]
8: [pattern...]
9: pax -w [-adimuvy] [-b blocking] [-f archive] [-s replstr]
10: [-t device] [-x format] [pathname...]
11: pax -rw [-ilmopuvy] [-s replstr] [pathname...] directory
12: DESCRIPTION
13: Pax reads and writes archive files which conform to the
14: Archive/Interchange File Format specified in IEEE Std.
15: 1003.1-1988. Pax can also read, but not write, a number of
16: other file formats in addition to those specified in the
17: Archive/Interchange File Format description. Support for
18: these traditional file formats, such as V7 tar and System V
19: binary cpio format archives, is provided for backward
20: compatibility and to maximize portability.
21: Pax will also support traditional cpio and System V tar
22: interfaces if invoked with the name "cpio" or "ustar"
23: respectively. See the cpio or ustar manual pages for
24: more details.
25: Combinations of the -r and -w command line arguments specify
26: whether pax will read, write or list the contents of the
27: specified archive, or move the specified files to another
28: directory.
29: The command line arguments are:
30: -w writes the files and directories specified by pathname
31: operands to the standard output together with the
32: pathname and status information prescribed by the
33: archive format used. A directory pathname operand
34: refers to the files and (recursively) subdirectories of
35: that directory. If no pathname operands are given,
36: then the standard input is read to get a list of
37: pathnames to copy, one pathname per line. In this
38: case, only those pathnames appearing on the standard
39: input are copied.
40: -r Pax reads an archive file from the standard input.
41: Only files with names that match any of the pattern
42: operands are selected for extraction. The selected
43: files are conditionally created and copied relative to
44: Page 1 (printed 5/24/90)
45: PAX COHERENT (USENIX Association) PAX
46: the current directory tree, subject to the options
47: described below. By default, the owner and group of
48: selected files will be that of the invoking process,
49: and the permissions and modification times will be the
50: sames as those in the archive.
51: The supported archive formats are automatically
52: detected on input. The default output format is ustar,
53: but may be overridden by the -x format option described
54: below.
55: -rw Pax reads the files and directories named in the
56: pathname operands and copies them to the destination
57: directory. A directory pathname operand refers to the
58: files and (recursively) subdirectories of that
59: directory. If no pathname operands are given, the
60: standard input is read to get a list of pathnames to
61: copy, one pathname per line. In this case, only those
62: pathnames appearing on the standard input are copied.
63: The directory named by the directory operand must exist
64: and have the proper permissions before the copy can
65: occur.
66: If neither the -r or -w options are given, then pax will
67: list the contents of the specified archive. In this mode,
68: pax lists normal files one per line, hard link pathnames as
69: pathname == linkname
70: and symbolic link pathnames (if supported by the
71: implementation) as
72: pathname -> linkname
73: where pathname is the name of the file being extracted, and
74: linkname is the name of a file which appeared earlier in the
75: archive.
76: If the -v option is specified, then pax list normal
77: pathnames in the same format used by the ls utility with the
78: -l option. Hard links are shown as
79: <ls -l listing> == linkname
80: and symbolic links (if supported) are shown as
81: <ls -l listing> -> linkname
82: Pax is capable of reading and writing archives which span
83: multiple physical volumes. Upon detecting an end of medium
84: on an archive which is not yet completed, pax will prompt
85: Page 2 (printed 5/24/90)
86: PAX COHERENT (USENIX Association) PAX
87: the user for the next volume of the archive and will allow
88: the user to specify the location of the next volume.
89: Options
90: The following options are available:
91: -a The files specified by pathname are appended to
92: the specified archive.
93: -b blocking
94: Block the output at blocking bytes per write to
95: the archive file. A k suffix multiplies blocking
96: by 1024, a b suffix multiplies blocking by 512 and
97: a m suffix multiplies blocking by 1048576 (1
98: megabyte). If not specified, blocking is
99: automatically determined on input and is ignored
100: for -rw.
101: -c Complement the match sense of the the pattern
102: operands.
103: -d Intermediate directories not explicitly listed in
104: the archive are not created. This option is
105: ignored unless the -r option is specified.
106: -f archive
107: The archive option specifies the pathname of the
108: input or output archive, overriding the default of
109: standard input for -r or standard output for -w.
110: -i Interactively rename files. Substitutions
111: specified by -s options (described below) are
112: performed before requesting the new file name from
113: the user. A file is skipped if an empty line is
114: entered and pax exits with an exit status of 0 if
115: EOF is encountered.
116: -l Files are linked rather than copied when possible.
117: -m File modification times are not retained.
118: -n When -r is specified, but -w is not, the pattern
119: arguments are treated as ordinary file names.
120: Only the first occurrence of each of these files
121: in the input archive is read. The pax utility
122: exits with a zero exit status after all files in
123: the list have been read. If one or more files in
124: the list is not found, pax writes a diagnostic to
125: standard error for each of the files and exits
126: with a non-zero exit status. the file names are
127: compared before any of the -i, -s, or -y options
128: are applied.
129: Page 3 (printed 5/24/90)
130: PAX COHERENT (USENIX Association) PAX
131: -o Restore file ownership as specified in the
132: archive. The invoking process must have
133: appropriate privileges to accomplish this.
134: -p Preserve the access time of the input files after
135: they have been copied.
136: -s replstr
137: File names are modified according to the
138: substitution expression using the syntax of ed
139: as shown:
140: -s /old/new/[gp]
141: Any non null character may be used as a delimiter
142: (a / is used here as an example). Multiple -s
143: expressions may be specified; the expressions are
144: applied in the order specified terminating with
145: the first successful substitution. The optional
146: trailing p causes successful mappings to be listed
147: on standard error. The optional trailing g causes
148: the old expression to be replaced each time it
149: occurs in the source string. Files that
150: substitute to an empty string are ignored both on
151: input and output.
152: -t device The device option argument is an implementation-
153: defined identifier that names the input or output
154: archive device, overriding the default of standard
155: input for -r and standard output for -w.
156: -u Copy each file only if it is newer than a pre-
157: existing file with the same name. This implies
158: -a.
159: -v List file names as they are encountered. Produces
160: a verbose table of contents listing on the
161: standard output when both -r and -w are omitted,
162: otherwise the file names are printed to standard
163: error as they are encountered in the archive.
164: -x format Specifies the output archive format. The input
165: format, which must be one of the following, is
166: automatically determined when the -r option is
167: used. The supported formats are:
168: cpio The extended CPIO interchange format specified in
169: Extended CPIO Format in IEEE Std. 1003.1-1988.
170: ustar The extended TAR interchange format specified in
171: Extended TAR Format in IEEE Std. 1003.1-1988. This
172: is the default archive format.
173: Page 4 (printed 5/24/90)
174: PAX COHERENT (USENIX Association) PAX
175: -y Interactively prompt for the disposition of each
176: file. Substitutions specified by -s options
177: (described above) are performed before prompting
178: the user for disposition. EOF or an input line
179: starting with the character q caused pax to exit.
180: Otherwise, an input line starting with anything
181: other than y causes the file to be ignored. This
182: option cannot be used in conjunction with the -i
183: option.
184: Only the last of multiple -f or -t options take effect.
185: When writing to an archive, the standard input is used as a
186: list of pathnames if no pathname operands are specified.
187: The format is one pathname per line. Otherwise, the
188: standard input is the archive file, which is formatted
189: according to one of the specifications in
190: Archive/Interchange File format in IEEE Std. 1003.1-1988, or
191: some other implementation-defined format.
192: The user ID and group ID of the process, together with the
193: appropriate privileges, affect the ability of pax to restore
194: ownership and permissions attributes of the archived files.
195: (See format-reading utility in Archive/Interchange File
196: Format in IEEE Std. 1003.1-1988.)
197: The options -a, -c, -d, -i, -l, -p, -t, -u, and -y are
198: provided for functional compatibility with the historical
199: cpio and tar utilities. The option defaults were chosen
200: based on the most common usage of these options, therefore,
201: some of the options have meanings different than those of
202: the historical commands.
203: Operands
204: The following operands are available:
205: directory The destination directory pathname for copies when
206: both the -r and -w options are specified. The
207: directory must exist and be writable before the
208: copy or and error results.
209: pathname A file whose contents are used instead of the
210: files named on the standard input. When a
211: directory is named, all of its files and
212: (recursively) subdirectories are copied as well.
213: pattern A pattern is given in the standard shell pattern
214: matching notation. The default if no pattern is
215: specified is *, which selects all files.
216: EXAMPLES
217: The following command
218: Page 5 (printed 5/24/90)
219: PAX COHERENT (USENIX Association) PAX
220: pax -w -f /dev/rmt0 .
221: copies the contents of the current directory to tape drive
222: 0.
223: The commands
224: mkdir newdir
225: cd olddir
226: pax -rw . newdir
227: copies the contents of olddir to newdir .
228: The command
229: pax -r -s ',//*usr//*,,' -f pax.out
230: reads the archive pax.out with all files rooted in "/usr" in
231: the archive extracted relative to the current directory.
232: FILES
233: /dev/tty used to prompt the user for information when the
234: -i or -y options are specified.
235: SEE ALSO
236: cpio, find, ustar
237: DIAGNOSTICS
238: Pax will terminate immediately, without processing any
239: additional files on the command line or in the archive.
240: EXIT CODES
241: Pax will exit with one of the following values:
242: 0 All files in the archive were processed successfully.
243: >0 Pax aborted due to errors encountered during operation.
244: BUGS
245: Special permissions may be required to copy or extract
246: special files.
247: Device, user ID, and group ID numbers larger than 65535
248: cause additional header records to be output. These records
249: are ignored by some historical version of cpio and
250: tar.
251: The archive formats described in Archive/Interchange File
252: Format have certain restrictions that have been carried over
253: from historical usage. For example, there are restrictions
254: on the length of pathnames stored in the archive.
255: Page 6 (printed 5/24/90)
256: PAX COHERENT (USENIX Association) PAX
257: When getting an "ls -l" style listing on tar format
258: archives, link counts are listed as zero since the ustar
259: archive format does not keep link count information.
260:
261: COPYRIGHT
262: Copyright (c) 1989 Mark H. Colburn.
263: COHERENT pax/ustar/cpio are based on original code for pax
264: which is sponsored by The USENIX Association.
265:
266: Page 7 (printed 5/24/90)
This archive runs on limited infrastructure. Preserving old code on modern bandwidth. Automated agents are requested to crawl responsibly.