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1.1 root 1:
2:
3: INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
4:
5:
6: The following instructions are for systems resembling Ninth Edition UNIX, with
7: hints about dealing with variations you may encounter for your specific system.
8: Installation should be done only by someone who is comfortable with modifying
9: the standard C library and header files.
10:
11: If your system already includes directory access routines, you should replace
12: them with this package. We're trying to get this standardized; see the
13: discussion in the NOTES file.
14:
15: I have tried to make the source code as generic as possible, but if your system
16: predates Seventh Edition UNIX you will have problems.
17:
18: DISCLAIMER: Although I believe the code and procedures described here to be
19: correct, I make no warranty of any kind, and you are advised to perform your
20: own careful testing before making any substantial change like this to your
21: programming environment.
22:
23:
24: 0) For antique systems that do not support C's "void" data type, edit the file
25: sys.dirent.h to add the following:
26:
27: typedef int void; /* good enough for govt work */
28:
29: If for some reason your <sys/types.h> doesn't define them, add the
30: following to sys.dirent.h:
31:
32: typedef unsigned short ino_t; /* (assuming original UFS) */
33: typedef long off_t; /* long is forced by lseek() */
34:
35: None of this should be necessary for any modern UNIX system.
36:
37: 1) Copy the file dirent.h to /usr/include/dirent.h and copy the file
38: sys.dirent.h to /usr/include/sys/dirent.h. (The file sys._dir.h is also
39: provided for the BRL UNIX System V emulation for 4.nBSD. That environment
40: uses different directory names for everything.)
41:
42: 2) Copy the file directory.3c to /usr/man/man3/directory.3 and copy the file
43: dirent.4 to /usr/man/man5/dirent.5; edit the new file
44: /usr/man/man3/directory.3 to change the "SEE ALSO" reference from dirent(4)
45: to dirent(5) and to change the 3C on the first line to 3; edit the new file
46: /usr/man/man5/dirent.5 to change the 4 on the first line to 5; then print
47: the manual pages via the command
48:
49: man directory dirent
50:
51: to see what the new routines are like. (If you have a "catman" style of
52: on-line manual, adapt these instructions accordingly. Manual entries are
53: kept in directories with other names on some systems such as UNIX System V.
54: On systems that already had a directory library documented in some other
55: manual entry, remove the superseded manual entry; if the description of the
56: native filesystem directory format found by "man dir" refers to a directory
57: library, modify it to simply refer to the entry for "dirent".)
58:
59: 3) Copy the files closedir.c, opendir.c, readdir.c, rewinddir.c, seekdir.c,
60: and telldir.c to the "gen" or "port/gen" subdirectory of your C library
61: source directory. If you do not have a getdents() system call, copy the
62: file getdents.c to the "sys" or "port/sys" subdirectory and copy the file
63: getdents.2 to /usr/man/man2/getdents.2 (actually you may prefer to put this
64: file in section 3 and adjust the references in the other manual entries
65: accordingly; also adjust the references to dirent(4) to be to dirent(5) if
66: that's where the entry is). Edit the C library makefile(s) to include the
67: new object modules in the C library. (See the comments at the beginning of
68: getdents.c for symbols that must be defined to configure getdents.c.) Then
69: remake and reinstall the C library. Alternatively, you can just compile
70: the new sources and insert their objects near the front of the C library
71: /lib/libc.a using the "ar" utility (seekdir.o should precede readdir.o,
72: which in turn should precede getdents.o). On some systems you then need to
73: use the "ranlib" utility to update the archive symbol table.
74:
75: 4) After the C library has been updated, delete /usr/include/ndir.h or any
76: other header used with a previous directory library to prevent inadvertent
77: use of the superseded directory access interface. Also delete any
78: corresponding library such as /usr/lib/libndir.a.
79:
80: 5) To verify installation, try compiling, linking, and running the program
81: testdir.c. This program searches the current directory "." for each file
82: named as a program argument and prints `"FOO" found.' or `"FOO" not found.'
83: where FOO is of course replaced by the name being sought in the directory.
84: Try something like
85:
86: cd /usr/bin # a multi-block directory
87: WHEREVER/testdir FOO lint BAR f77 XYZZY
88:
89: which should produce the output
90:
91: "FOO" not found.
92: "lint" found.
93: "BAR" not found.
94: "f77" found.
95: "XYZZY" not found.
96:
97: A more thorough test would be
98:
99: cd /usr/bin # a multi-block directory
100: WHEREVER/testdir `ls -a` | grep 'not found'
101:
102: This program does not test the seekdir() and telldir() functions.
103:
104: 6) Notify your programmers that all directory access must be made through the
105: new interface, and that documentation is available via
106:
107: man directory dirent
108:
109: Make the NOTES file available to those programmers who might want to
110: understand what this is all about.
111:
112: 7) Change all system sources that were accessing directories to use the new
113: routines. Nearly all such sources contain the line
114:
115: #include <sys/dir.h>
116: or
117: #include <ndir.h>
118:
119: so they should be easy to find. (If you earlier removed some other header
120: file, that is, if this package superseded an earlier version of the
121: directory access library, look for its name too. See the conversion
122: instructions in the NOTES file.)
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