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1.1 ! root 1: May 26 735: The Venerable Bede, historian, Jarrow, England. ! 2: Jul 29 1030: Olaf II, unifier of Norway, in battle. ! 3: Apr 21 1142: Peter Abelard, philosopher & musician, St-Marcel, France. ! 4: Aug 18 1227: Genghis Khan, of injuries suffered while riding, age unknown. ! 5: Mar 7 1274: Thomas Aquinas, philosopher & theologian, aged 49. ! 6: Sep 14 1321: Dante Aligheri, poet, Ravenna, aged 56. ! 7: Jan 9 1324: Marco Polo, traveller, Venice. ! 8: Dec 21 1375: Giovanni Boccaccio, storyteller, Certaldo, Italy, aged 62. ! 9: Oct 25 1400: Geoffrey Chaucer, poet, London, of the plague. ! 10: May 30 1431: Joan of Arc, soldier, burned at the stake, Rouen, aged 19. ! 11: Jun 5 1445: Leonel Power, composer, Canterbury. ! 12: Sep 20 1460: Gilles de Bins dit Binchois, composer, Soignies. ! 13: Mar 14 1471: Sir Thomas Mallory, translator, London, aged 71. ! 14: Nov 27 1474: Guillaume Dufay, composer, Cambrai. ! 15: Nov 6 1492: Antoine Busnois, composer, Bruges. ! 16: Feb 6 1497: Johannes Ockeghem, composer, Tours. ! 17: Apr 22 1509: Henry VII of England. ! 18: Aug 27 1521: Josquin des Pres, composer, Conde-sur-l'Escaut. ! 19: Aug 29 1533: Atahualpa, last Incan king, at the orders of Francisco Pizarro. ! 20: Jul 7 1535: Sir Thomas More, statesman & author, executed by Henry VIII, London. ! 21: Jul 12 1536: Desiderius Erasmus, philosopher, Basel. ! 22: Oct 18 1545: John Taverner, composer, Boston. ! 23: Apr 9 1553: Francois Rabelais, poet, Paris (trad.) ! 24: Jul 31 1556: Ignatius of Loyola, founder of the Jesuits. ! 25: Aug 30 1585: Andrea Gabrieli, composer, Venice. ! 26: Feb 14 1571: Benvenuto Cellini, sculptor, Florence. ! 27: Nov 23 1585: Thomas Tallis, composer, Greenwich. ! 28: Sep 13 1592: Michel de Montaigne, essayist. ! 29: May 29 1593: Christopher Marlowe, aged 29, stabbed in a tavern brawl. ! 30: Feb 2 1594: Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, composer, Rome. ! 31: Feb 21 1595: Robert Southwell, poet, London, hanged as a Jesuit. ! 32: Jan 16 1599: Edmund Spencer, poet, Westminster. ! 33: Aug 20 1611: Tomas Luis de Victoria, composer, Madrid. ! 34: Sep 8 1613: Don Carlo Gesualdo, composer & lutenist, Gesualdo, Italy. ! 35: Mar 5 1616: Francis Beaumont, dramatist, aged 32. ! 36: Apr 23 1616: William Shakespeare, playwright and poet, Stratford upon Avon. ! 37: Apr 23 1616: Miguel Cervantes, novelist, Madrid. ! 38: Oct 29 1618: Sir Walter Raleigh, poet & adventurer, executed by James I. ! 39: Oct 16 1621: Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, composer, Amsterdam. ! 40: Feb 15 1621: Michael Praetorius, composer, Hamburg. ! 41: July 4 1623: William Byrd, composer, Stondon Massey, aged 80. ! 42: Jun 5 1625: Orlando Gibbons, composer & organist, Canterbury. ! 43: Feb 20 1626: John Dowland, composer & lutenist, London (buried). ! 44: Mar 12 1628: John Bull, composer, Antwerp. ! 45: Mar 31 1631: John Donne, poet, London. ! 46: Aug 6 1637: Ben Jonson, soldier, poet, & playwright, London, aged 65. ! 47: Jan 25 1640: Robert Burton, au. of "Anatomy of Melancholy", Oxford. ! 48: Nov 29 1643: Claudio Monteverdi, composer, Venice. ! 49: Mar 26 1657: Jacob van Eyck, composer & carillonist, Utrecht. ! 50: Jul 28 1667: Abraham Cowley, poet, Chertsey, Surrey, aged 48. ! 51: Nov 8 1674: John Milton, poet, London, aged 65. ! 52: Aug 16 1678: Andrew Marvell, poet & statesman, London, aged 57. ! 53: Aug 31 1688: John Bunyan, au. of "Pilgrim's Progress", Holborn, aged 60. ! 54: Apr 16 1689: Aphra Behn, novelist; 1st Englishwoman to live on her writing. ! 55: May 1 1700: John Dryden, poet & playwright, London, aged 68. ! 56: Aug 20 1701: Sir Charles Sedley, poet & playwright, Hampstead, aged 62. ! 57: May 26 1703: Samuel Pepys, diarist & administrator, Clapham, England. ! 58: May 9 1707: Dietrich Buxtehude, composer & organist, Lubeck. ! 59: Jan 1 1716: William Wycherley, dramatist, London. ! 60: Jan 19 1729: William Congreve, playwright, London. ! 61: May 27 1730: Leonardo Vinci, composer, Naples. ! 62: Dec 18 1737: Antonio Stradivari, luthier, Cremona. ! 63: Jul 28 1750: Johann Sebastian Bach. ! 64: Jul 4 1761: Samuel Richardson, au. of "Pamela", 1st English novel, aged 72. ! 65: Mar 18 1768: Lawrence Sterne, novelist, London. ! 66: Aug 29 1769: Edmond Hoyle, of "According to Hoyle", London, aged 97. ! 67: Aug 24 1770: Thomas Chatterton, poet & forger, London, aged 17, by his own hand. ! 68: May 20 1771: Christopher Smart, poet, aged 49, in a debtor's prison. ! 69: Jan 8 1775: John Baskerville, type designer, Cambridge. ! 70: Sep 22 1776: Nathan Hale, hanged as a spy. ! 71: Jul 2 1778: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, philosopher, Ermonville, France, aged 66. ! 72: Dec 13 1784: Samuel Johnson, polymath, London, aged 75. ! 73: May 30 1788: Voltaire, playwright & commentator, Paris, aged 82. ! 74: Apr 17 1790: Benjamin Franklin, polymath, Philadelphia, aged 84. ! 75: Dec 5 1791: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, composer, Vienna. ! 76: Jul 18 1792: John Paul Jones, naval hero, Paris. ! 77: Jul 13 1793: John Paul Marat, revolutionary, murdered in his bathtub. ! 78: Jan 16 1794: Edward Gibbon, historian, London. ! 79: Jul 28 1794: Maximilien Robespierre, revolutionary, executed by the Terror. ! 80: Jul 28 1794: Louis Saint-Just, revolutionary, executed by the Terror. ! 81: May 19 1795: James Boswell, biographer, London, aged 54. ! 82: Jul 21 1796: Robert Burns, poet, Dumfries, Scotland. ! 83: Mar 2 1797: Horace Walpole, author and statesman, London, aged 79. ! 84: Jul 9 1797: Edmund Burke, philosopher & statesman, aged 68. ! 85: Apr 25 1800: William Cowper, poet, East Dereham, Norfolk. ! 86: Feb 12 1804: Immanuel Kant, philosopher, Koenigsberg, Prussia. ! 87: Jul 11 1804: Alexander Hamilton, mortally wounded in a dual with Aaron Burr. ! 88: Jun 8 1809: Thomas Paine, pamphleteer, New York City, aged 72. ! 89: Jul 18 1817: Jane Austen, novelist, Winchester, England, aged 41. ! 90: Feb 23 1821: John Keats, poet, Rome. ! 91: Jul 8 1822: Percy Bysshe Shelley, poet, drowned while boating, aged 29. ! 92: Apr 19 1824: George Gordon, Lord Byron, poet, Missolonghi, Greece, aged 36. ! 93: Jul 4 1826: Thomas Jefferson, polymath, Monticello. ! 94: Jul 4 1826: John Adams, statesman, Quincy, Mass. ! 95: Aug 12 1827: William Blake, poet & artist, London, aged 70. ! 96: Dec 17 1830: Simon Bolivar, revolutionary; last words: "I have plowed the sea." ! 97: Nov 11 1831: Nat Turner, leader of slave rebellion, by hanging. ! 98: Mar 22 1832: Goethe, polymath, Weimar; last words: "More light!" ! 99: Feb 10 1837: Alexander Pushkin, poet, Moscow, of wounds received in a duel. ! 100: Mar 21 1843: Robert Southey, poet laureate, Greta Hall, England. ! 101: Jul 4 1848: Chateaubriand, statesman & author, Paris, aged 79. ! 102: May 28 1849: Anne Bronte, poet, Scarborough, Yorkshire, aged 29. ! 103: Feb 1 1851: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, novelist, Bournemouth, England. ! 104: Mar 4 1852: Nicholai Gogol, novelist, Moscow, aged 42. ! 105: Feb 16 1856: Heinrich Heine, poet, Paris. ! 106: Nov 28 1859: Washington Irving, storyteller, aged 76. ! 107: Dec 8 1859: Thomas De Quincey, storyteller, Edinburgh, aged 74. ! 108: May 6 1862: Thoreau, Concord, Mass, aged 44; last words: "Moose. Indian." ! 109: Jul 10 1863: Clement C. Moore, au. of "Twas the Night Before Christmas", aged 83 ! 110: Aug 31 1867: Charles Baudelaire, poet & critic, Paris, aged 46. ! 111: Jun 9 1870: Charles Dickens, novelist, aged 58. ! 112: Jul 15 1881: William H. Bonney (Billy the Kid), gunfighter, Ft. Sumner, NM. ! 113: Dec 6 1882: Anthony Trollope, novelist, Hastings, Sussex, aged 67. ! 114: May 22 1885: Victor Hugo, novelist, Paris, aged 83. ! 115: Dec 15 1890: Sitting Bull, statesman, South Dakota, age unknown. ! 116: Jul 29 1890: Vincent van Gogh, Auvers, France. ! 117: Dec 3 1894: Robert Louis Stevenson, novelist & poet, Apia, Samoa, aged 44. ! 118: Jan 20 1900: John Ruskin, critic, Coniston, England. ! 119: Nov 30 1900: Oscar Wilde, poet & playwright, Paris, aged 46. ! 120: Sep 29 1902: William McGonagall, called worst poet ever to live, Edinburgh. ! 121: May 23 1906: Henrik Ibsen, playwright, Oslo, aged 72. ! 122: Nov 21 1910: Leo Tolstoy, novelist, aged 82. ! 123: Aug 13 1910: Florence Nightingale, nurse, London. ! 124: Feb 28 1916: Henry James, novelist, London, aged 72. ! 125: Nov 22 1916: Jack London, novelist, aged 40, by his own hand. ! 126: Nov 4 1918: Wilfred Owen, poet, of wounds received in battle, aged 25. ! 127: Apr 21 1918: Baron Manfred von Richthoven, the "Red Baron", in combat. ! 128: Jul 16 1918: Tsar Nicholas II and his family, executed by the Bolsheviks. ! 129: Jun 3 1924: Franz Kafka, novelist, Kierling, Austria, aged 40. ! 130: Jan 11 1928: Thomas Hardy, novelist and poet, near Dorchester. ! 131: Mar 2 1930: D. H. Lawrence, novelist, Venice, aged 45, of tuberculosis. ! 132: Dec 5 1931: Vachel Lindsay, poet, aged 52, by his own hand. ! 133: Apr 27 1932: Hart Crane, poet, at sea, aged 32. ! 134: May 23 1934: Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow, criminals, Louisiana. ! 135: Aug 15 1935: Will Rogers and Wiley Post, in an airplane crash in Alaska. ! 136: May 19 1935: T. E. Lawrence, aka "Lawrence of Arabia", in a motorcycle accident. ! 137: May 23 1938: John D. Rockefeller, Sr., plutocrat, aged 97. ! 138: Jun 26 1939: Ford Madox Ford, novelist, Deauville, France, aged 66. ! 139: Jan 28 1939: William Butler Yeats, Roquebrune, France. ! 140: Aug 21 1940: Leon Trotsky, Mexico City, age 61. ! 141: Mar 28 1941: Virginia Woolf, novelist & cult figure, by her own hand. ! 142: Mar 13 1943: Stephen St. Vincent Benet, storyteller & journalist, NYC, aged 44. ! 143: Jan 23 1943: Alexander Woolcott, wit, New York City. ! 144: Apr 18 1945: Ernie Pyle, correspondent, by sniper fire in the Ryukyu Islands. ! 145: Jul 27 1946: Gertrude Stein, writer & cult figure, Paris. ! 146: Apr 24 1947: Willa Cather, novelist, New York City, aged 73. ! 147: Aug 16 1948: George Herman "Babe" Ruth, baseball player, New York City, aged 53. ! 148: Nov 2 1950: George Bernard Shaw, playwright & critic, aged 94. ! 149: Jul 16 1953: Hilaire Belloc, journalist & historian, Shipley, Sussex, aged 83. ! 150: Nov 9 1953: Dylan Thomas, poet, New York. ! 151: May 19 1954: Charles Ives, composer, New York. ! 152: Aug 12 1955: Thomas Mann, novelist, Zurich, aged 80. ! 153: Jan 29 1956: H. L. Mencken, newspaperman and philosopher, Baltimore. ! 154: Feb 8 1957: John von Neumann, polymath, Washington, D.C., aged 54. ! 155: Apr 9 1959: Frank Lloyd Wright, architect, aged 89. ! 156: Jul 8 1959: MAJ Dale R. Buis, US Army, first US soldier to die in Viet Nam. ! 157: Jan 4 1960: Albert Camus, novelist and philosopher, near Sens, France. ! 158: Sep 18 1961: Dag Hammarskjold, Sec. Gen. of the UN, in plane crash. ! 159: Jul 2 1961: Ernest Hemingway, Ketchum, Idaho, aged 62, by his own hand. ! 160: Sep 3 1962: e. e. cummings, poet, North Conway, NH, aged 67. ! 161: Feb 11 1963: Sylvia Plath, poet, London, by her own hand. ! 162: Nov 22 1963: C. S. Lewis, philologist & Christian apologist. ! 163: Nov 22 1963: Aldous Huxley, novelist. ! 164: Jun 3 1963: Pope John XXIII, Rome, aged 81. ! 165: Oct 9 1967: Che Guevara, revolutionary, killed in Bolivia at his trade. ! 166: Aug 25 1967: George Lincoln Rockwell, Nazi, assassinated, Arlington, Va. ! 167: Dec 20 1968: John Steinbeck, novelist, New York City. ! 168: Oct 21 1969: Jack Kerouac, St. Petersburg, Fl., aged 47, of alcohol poisoning. ! 169: Oct 4 1970: Janis Joplin, singer, aged 27. ! 170: Feb 2 1970: Bertrand Russell, polymath, Penrydeudraeth, Wales, aged 97. ! 171: Nov 25 1970: Yukio Mishima, novelist, aged 45, via rite of "seppuku". ! 172: Jul 6 1971: Louis "Satchmo" Armstrong, composer & trumpeter, New York City. ! 173: Nov 1 1972: Ezra Pound, poet & cult figure, Venice, aged 87. ! 174: Jan 7 1972: John Berryman, poet, by his own hand. ! 175: Sep 9 1976: Mao Tse-tung, writer and politician, Peking, aged 82. ! 176: Aug 16 1977: Elvis Presley, singer & cult figure, Memphis, aged 42. ! 177: Sep 16 1977: Maria Callas, diva, Paris, aged 53. ! 178: Jul 24 1980: Peter Sellers, actor, comedian, aged 54. ! 179: May 11 1981: Robert Nesta (Bob) Marley, singer & songwriter, age 36. ! 180: Mar 6 1982: Ayn Rand, novelist, New York City, aged 77. ! 181: Sep 14 1982: John Gardner, novelist, aged 49. ! 182: Aug 21 1983: Benigno Aquino, murdered on return to Manila. ! 183: Feb 25 1983: Tennessee Williams, poet and playwright, New York City. ! 184: Mar 3 1983: Arthur Koestler, novelist, aged 77, by his own hand. ! 185: Dec 7 1985: Robert Graves, poet & novelist, Deya, Majorca, aged 90. ! 186: Jun 15 1986: Jorge Luis Borges, poet & philosopher, Geneva, aged 86. ! 187: Nov 11 1986: Vyacheslav Skryabin (Molotov), assistant to Stalin. ! 188: Jun 4 1987: Andres Segovia, guitarist, Madrid, aged 94. ! 189: Jun 22 1987: Fred Astaire, dancer & actor, Hollywood, aged 88. ! 190: Jul 21 1987: Herbert B. Knechtel, creator Frango mints and Space Food Sticks, aged 80. ! 191: Apr 14 1990: Greta Garbo, screen actress, New York, 84. ! 192: Oct 14 1990: Leonard Bernstein, conductor & composer, New York, 72. ! 193: Mar 1 1993: Lillian Gish, actress. ! 194: Mar 1 1993: Ruby Keeler, actress & singer. ! 195: Mar 3 1993: Albert Sabin, developer of oral polio vaccine, aged 86.
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