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1.1 root 1: @setfilename gpl.info
2:
3: @unnumbered GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
4: @center Version 2, June 1991
5:
6: @display
7: Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
8: 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
9:
10: Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
11: of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
12: @end display
13:
14: @unnumberedsec Preamble
15:
16: The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
17: freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
18: License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
19: software---to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
20: General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
21: Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
22: using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
23: the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
24: your programs, too.
25:
26: When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
27: price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
28: have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
29: this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
30: if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
31: in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
32:
33: To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
34: anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
35: These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
36: distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
37:
38: For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
39: gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
40: you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
41: source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
42: rights.
43:
44: We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
45: (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
46: distribute and/or modify the software.
47:
48: Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
49: that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
50: software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
51: want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
52: that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
53: authors' reputations.
54:
55: Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
56: patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
57: program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
58: program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
59: patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
60:
61: The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
62: modification follow.
63:
64: @iftex
65: @unnumberedsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
66: @end iftex
67: @ifinfo
68: @center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
69: @end ifinfo
70:
71: @enumerate
72: @item
73: This License applies to any program or other work which contains
74: a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
75: under the terms of this General Public License. The ``Program'', below,
76: refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program''
77: means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
78: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
79: either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
80: language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
81: the term ``modification''.) Each licensee is addressed as ``you''.
82:
83: Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
84: covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
85: running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
86: is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
87: Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
88: Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
89:
90: @item
91: You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
92: source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
93: conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
94: copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
95: notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
96: and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
97: along with the Program.
98:
99: You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
100: you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
101:
102: @item
103: You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
104: of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
105: distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
106: above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
107:
108: @enumerate a
109: @item
110: You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
111: stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
112:
113: @item
114: You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
115: whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
116: part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
117: parties under the terms of this License.
118:
119: @item
120: If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
121: when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
122: interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
123: announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
124: notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
125: a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
126: these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
127: License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
128: does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
129: the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
130: @end enumerate
131:
132: These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
133: identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
134: and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
135: themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
136: sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
137: distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
138: on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
139: this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
140: entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
141:
142: Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
143: your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
144: exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
145: collective works based on the Program.
146:
147: In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
148: with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
149: a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
150: the scope of this License.
151:
152: @item
153: You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
154: under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
155: Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
156:
157: @enumerate a
158: @item
159: Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
160: source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
161: 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
162:
163: @item
164: Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
165: years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
166: cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
167: machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
168: distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
169: customarily used for software interchange; or,
170:
171: @item
172: Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
173: to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
174: allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
175: received the program in object code or executable form with such
176: an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
177: @end enumerate
178:
179: The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
180: making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
181: code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
182: associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
183: control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
184: special exception, the source code distributed need not include
185: anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
186: form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
187: operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
188: itself accompanies the executable.
189:
190: If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
191: access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
192: access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
193: distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
194: compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
195:
196: @item
197: You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
198: except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
199: otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
200: void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
201: However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
202: this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
203: parties remain in full compliance.
204:
205: @item
206: You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
207: signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
208: distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
209: prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
210: modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
211: Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
212: all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
213: the Program or works based on it.
214:
215: @item
216: Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
217: Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
218: original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
219: these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
220: restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
221: You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
222: this License.
223:
224: @item
225: If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
226: infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
227: conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
228: otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
229: excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
230: distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
231: License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
232: may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
233: license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
234: all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
235: the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
236: refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
237:
238: If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
239: any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
240: apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
241: circumstances.
242:
243: It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
244: patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
245: such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
246: integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
247: implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
248: generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
249: through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
250: system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
251: to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
252: impose that choice.
253:
254: This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
255: be a consequence of the rest of this License.
256:
257: @item
258: If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
259: certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
260: original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
261: may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
262: those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
263: countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
264: the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
265:
266: @item
267: The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
268: of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
269: be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
270: address new problems or concerns.
271:
272: Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
273: specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any
274: later version'', you have the option of following the terms and conditions
275: either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
276: Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
277: this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
278: Foundation.
279:
280: @item
281: If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
282: programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
283: to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
284: Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
285: make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
286: of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
287: of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
288:
289: @iftex
290: @heading NO WARRANTY
291: @end iftex
292: @ifinfo
293: @center NO WARRANTY
294: @end ifinfo
295:
296: @item
297: BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
298: FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
299: OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
300: PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
301: OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
302: MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
303: TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
304: PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
305: REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
306:
307: @item
308: IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
309: WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
310: REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
311: INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
312: OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
313: TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
314: YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
315: PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
316: POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
317: @end enumerate
318:
319: @iftex
320: @heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
321: @end iftex
322: @ifinfo
323: @center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
324: @end ifinfo
325:
326: @page
327: @unnumberedsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
328:
329: If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
330: possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
331: free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
332:
333: To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
334: to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
335: convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
336: the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
337:
338: @smallexample
339: @var{one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.}
340: Copyright (C) 19@var{yy} @var{name of author}
341:
342: This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
343: modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
344: as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
345: of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
346:
347: This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
348: but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
349: MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
350: GNU General Public License for more details.
351:
352: You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
353: along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
354: Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
355: @end smallexample
356:
357: Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
358:
359: If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
360: when it starts in an interactive mode:
361:
362: @smallexample
363: Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19@var{yy} @var{name of author}
364: Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
365: type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome
366: to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
367: for details.
368: @end smallexample
369:
370: The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show
371: the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
372: commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and
373: @samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever
374: suits your program.
375:
376: You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
377: school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if
378: necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
379:
380: @example
381: Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
382: interest in the program `Gnomovision'
383: (which makes passes at compilers) written
384: by James Hacker.
385:
386: @var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989
387: Ty Coon, President of Vice
388: @end example
389:
390: This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
391: proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
392: consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
393: library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
394: Public License instead of this License.
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