Return to vsh.coh.man.co CVS log

Up to [MW Coherent from dump] / coherent / g / usr / bin / vsh / doc

Annotation of coherent/g/usr/bin/vsh/doc/vsh.coh.man.co, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: vsh -- Command (last revised: February 23, 1993)
        !             2: 
        !             3: vsh
        !             4: 
        !             5: vsh is the COHERENT system's visual  shell.  With it, users  can use arrow
        !             6: keys  or simple         keystrokes to  perform tasks under  the COHERENT,  such as
        !             7: change directories,  edit  files, and  execute  programs.   Each user  can
        !             8: program        a bank of up to  nine function keys to perform complex tasks with a
        !             9: single keystroke.  With         vsh, a naive user can access  much of the power of
        !            10: the COHERENT system without having to learn the        details of sh or ksh.
        !            11: 
        !            12: Unlike X  or  other windowing  systems,  vsh  works  on a  character-based
        !            13: terminal and requires only a modest  amount of memory. It does not require
        !            14: a mouse.
        !            15: 
        !            16: Graphics Interface
        !            17: vsh uses  the curses  library and terminfo  descriptions.  To use  vsh,        you
        !            18: must have  a terminfo description  installed for the device  upon which        you
        !            19: wish to        run  it, and you must set the  environmental variable TERM to point
        !            20: correctly to that description. For  example, to run vsh from your console,
        !            21: you should  set        TERM to ansipc;  while to run it from a  PC that is plugged
        !            22: into a serial port, you        should  set TERM to vt100. You must have a terminfo
        !            23: description for        the  device to which you set TERM,  or vsh will behave in a
        !            24: bizarre        manner.  For  more information on devices and how  to set them, see
        !            25: the  Lexicon  entries  for  TERM  and  terminfo. For  more  information         on
        !            26: terminals in general, see the entry for        terminal.
        !            27: 
        !            28: To ensure that TERM set        correctly, may wish to embed the command ttytype in
        !            29: your system's  /etc/profile. For  more details,         see the Lexicon  entry for
        !            30: ttytype.
        !            31: 
        !            32: If you have a  non-standard terminal or  have trouble displaying  vsh, try
        !            33: invoking it with  the options -e or -t.         All  of vsh's command-line options
        !            34: are described below.
        !            35: 
        !            36: Main Screen
        !            37: When you invoke        vsh, you see the following screen:
        !            38: 
        !            39: As you can see,        the screen is divided five sections, or windows:
        !            40: 
        !            41: -> The first  window, the  Command Window, is  the narrow window  that runs
        !            42:    across the top  of the screen.  This        window lists  the commands that vsh
        !            43:    can perform.          You will  enter this window  frequently as you  work with
        !            44:    vsh.
        !            45: 
        !            46: -> The second window,  the Current Directory  window, names  the directory
        !            47:    that        you are currently in.
        !            48: 
        !            49: -> The third  window, the File Window, extends down  the left side  of the
        !            50:    screen.  It lists the contents  of the current directory.  You will also
        !            51:    work        frequently in this window.
        !            52: 
        !            53: -> The fourth  window, the System Window,  is the upper        window  on the left
        !            54:    side        of the screen.  It gives information about the system, that is, who
        !            55:    is running  vsh, the        device she  is running it on,  and the current date
        !            56:    and time.  You will never enter this        window.
        !            57: 
        !            58: -> The last window, the        Status Window, gives information about the work you
        !            59:    have        performed under vsh. Again, you will never enter this window.
        !            60: 
        !            61: Across the bottom  of the screen are nine ``stubs,''  one each for function
        !            62: keys  one through  nine.  The  stub's text indicates  the command  that        vsh
        !            63: executes when you press        that key.
        !            64: 
        !            65: The following sections discuss each window in detail.
        !            66: 
        !            67: File Window
        !            68: The file window         lists all of the files and  directories within the current
        !            69: directory.  This is the        default window for vsh; the cursor ordinarily rests
        !            70: in this        window, and you will do most of your work in it.
        !            71: 
        !            72: The leftmost  column in         the File  Window gives the  name of each  file and
        !            73: directory.  Directories        are given at the top of the list; they are enclosed
        !            74: within brackets         `[ ]'.  The other columns give,  respectively the time the
        !            75: file or        directory  was last updated; the date it  was last updated; and its
        !            76: permissions.  For  information on how to  interpret the        permissions string,
        !            77: see the        Lexicon entry for the command ls.
        !            78: 
        !            79: The top         listing in the  File Window is  always [..], which  represents the
        !            80: current        directory's parent directory.
        !            81: 
        !            82: The  top listing  in this  list        is  highlighted by  being shown  in reverse
        !            83: video. To  move the highlighting bar  up and down the  list, use the arrow
        !            84: keys.  If you  press the arrow keys on your  keyboard's        number pad, be sure
        !            85: to turn        the <NumLock> key off, or the keys will not work as you expect.  If
        !            86: you press the v        key, the bar shifts down one row on the list.  Pressing the
        !            87: ^ key moves the        bar up one row.
        !            88: 
        !            89: You can        page up or page down by pressing, respectively, the keys <PgUp> and
        !            90: <PgDn>.        The key  <Home> moves the cursor to the  top of the list, and <End>
        !            91: moves it  to the bottom.  If  your terminal does not  implement        these keys,
        !            92: you can        use the following control characters:
        !            93: 
        !            94:     <ctrl-N>   Next page (like <PgDn>)
        !            95:     <ctrl-P>   Previous page (like <PgUp>)
        !            96:     <ctrl-A>   Beginning (top) of list (like <Home>)
        !            97:     <ctrl-E>   End (bottom) of list (like <End>)
        !            98: 
        !            99: Note that if the list of files and directories is too large to fit into        the
        !           100: window,        moving the bar to the bottom of the window and pressing v      will
        !           101: scroll the list.  If you press the <End> key, the row moves to the last        row
        !           102: in the list; and if you        press <Home>, it moves to the top of the list.
        !           103: 
        !           104: A scroll bar runs down the right side of the File Window.  As you scroll up
        !           105: and down this window, the scroll  bar moves.  Note that        the position of the
        !           106: scroll bar  is proportional to the highlighting         bar's position in relation
        !           107: to the entire list of files,  not just to its  current position within the
        !           108: File Window.  This  gives you an easy way to  see just where you are in        the
        !           109: entire file list.
        !           110: 
        !           111: If you position        the highlighting bar over the name of a directory and press
        !           112: <Enter>        (sometimes also labeled  <Return>), vsh names that directory in the
        !           113: Current        Directory  Window, and  displays its  contents in the  File Window.
        !           114: For  example, if  you  position        the  highlighting  bar over  the entry  for
        !           115: directory  [letters]  and  press  <Enter>,  vsh         displays the  contents  of
        !           116: directory letters in the File Window.  (If you are familiar with the Bourne
        !           117: or Korn        shell, this has the  same effect as typing the command cd letters.)
        !           118: To return to  the directory you        had just been  display (that is, the parent
        !           119: directory of letters), use the arrow keys to move  the highlighting bar to
        !           120: the entry [..];        then press <Enter>. vsh changes the contents of the Current
        !           121: Directory Window, and in the File Window erases        the contents of letters and
        !           122: displays the contents of its parent directory.
        !           123: 
        !           124: If you press  <Return> while a file is highlighted  instead of a directory,
        !           125: vsh does the following:
        !           126: 
        !           127: 1. If the file is executable, vsh executes it.
        !           128: 
        !           129: 2. If the  file        matches a  pattern from the file-action  list, vsh executes
        !           130:    the action from  the        list with the file as  input.  The file-action list
        !           131:    is in file $HOME/.udt; it looks like:
        !           132: ***um               ^^^^ release 2.8 now uses $HOME/.vsh
        !           133: 
        !           134:        [Mm]akefile:make
        !           135:        *.Z:zcat        %F
        !           136: 
        !           137: ***um
        !           138: The default action list for release 2.8 is:
        !           139:        [Mm]akefile:make
        !           140:        *.mk:make -f %F
        !           141:        *.sh:sh %F
        !           142:        *.c:cc -c -O %F
        !           143:        *.sc:sc %F
        !           144:        *.a:ar tv %F | more
        !           145:        *.[1-9]:nroff -man %F | more
        !           146:        *.tar.F:fcat %F | tar xvf -
        !           147:        *.F:fcat %F | more
        !           148:        *.tar.Z:zcat %F | tar xvf -
        !           149:        *.Z:zcat %F | more
        !           150: ***um
        !           151: 
        !           152:    vsh recognizes most common wildcard characters; for a table of these        and
        !           153:    their  meaning, see the  Lexicon entries  for wildcards.  The token  %F
        !           154:    stands for the file that  is        currently highlighted.  For example, in the
        !           155:    above example the entry *.Z:zcat %F means that if you select        a file with
        !           156:    the suffix .Z (which        usually means  that a file has been compressed), it
        !           157:    passes that file to zcat to uncompress and display it.  vsh defines many
        !           158:    defaults  for you  when it  creates this  file, which you  can use  as a
        !           159:    model.  To  change the file-action list,  you must use a  text editor to
        !           160:    edit        file $HOME/.udt.
        !           161: 
        !           162: ***um
        !           163: Do not edit $HOME/.vsh from inside vsh, the file is written back from
        !           164: memory if vsh terminates! An editor for the file action list is under
        !           165: development.
        !           166: ***um
        !           167: 
        !           168: 3. If the file appears to be ASCII vsh displays        it with the default viewer.
        !           169: 
        !           170: While vsh  is working, it displays  a large letter `X' in reverse video in
        !           171: the lower  left        corner of  the screen.  This  shows that vsh  is doing some
        !           172: internal task. vsh cannot accept  any commands while the `X' is displayed,
        !           173: so please be patient.
        !           174: 
        !           175: Also,  note that  vsh cannot  handle  more than         1,000 files  in any  given
        !           176: directory.  If a directory contains more than 1,000  files, only the first
        !           177: thousand will be available for use.
        !           178: 
        !           179: System Window
        !           180: The system window  is the upper        of the two  windows on the left side of the
        !           181: screen.         The  cursor never enters  this window; rather,  this window simply
        !           182: displays information about your         COHERENT system, and how you are currently
        !           183: using it.  It contains the following entries:
        !           184: 
        !           185:     System:
        !           186:     Line:
        !           187:     Login:
        !           188:     UID:
        !           189:     GID:
        !           190:     Date:
        !           191:     Time:
        !           192: 
        !           193: The following discusses        each entry in detail:
        !           194: 
        !           195: System:
        !           196:      This gives         the name of your  system, as you (or  your COHERENT system
        !           197:      administrator)  has set  it in file  /etc/uucpname. See  the Lexicon's
        !           198:      entry for uucpname for more details on  proper naming conventions for
        !           199:      COHERENT systems.
        !           200: 
        !           201: Line:
        !           202:      This gives        the device by which you are accessing your COHERENT system.
        !           203:      If        you  are working on  your system's console device,  then you should
        !           204:      see console  on this line;        whereas if you  are accessing your COHERENT
        !           205:      via a  PC plugged into serial  port com1l,        you should  see com1l here.
        !           206:      If        you are  using virtual consoles, the line is  shown as mono[0-8] or
        !           207:      color[0-8].  See the  Lexicon  entries for         console and  com for  more
        !           208:      information about the devices  through which you can access a COHERENT
        !           209:      system.
        !           210: 
        !           211: Login:
        !           212:      This  gives  the  name under  which  you  logged  into COHERENT.  For
        !           213:      example, if your login identifier is fred,        then you should see fred on
        !           214:      this line.
        !           215: 
        !           216: UID: This  shows your  user-identification number  (or UID).  This  is the
        !           217:      unique number by which your COHERENT  system knows        you, as set in file
        !           218:      /etc/passwd. For  information on the  UID and how to set it,  see the
        !           219:      Lexicon entries for passwd        and setuid.
        !           220: 
        !           221: GID: This gives        the number and name  of the user group to which you belong.
        !           222:      Users on  a COHERENT system can be         organized into groups; permissions
        !           223:      on        files can be set to  include the members of your group, but exclude
        !           224:      all others.   For information on  groups, see the Lexicon entries for
        !           225:      group and setgid.
        !           226: 
        !           227: Date:
        !           228:      This gives         today's date (or rather, what  your COHERENT system thinks
        !           229:      today's date is).
        !           230: 
        !           231: Time:
        !           232:      This  gives what  your system  thinks  the        current  time is.   If your
        !           233:      system's time is not set correctly,  then the time        shown here will not
        !           234:      be        correct.   For information on how  to set the system  time, see the
        !           235:      Lexicon entries for the commands ATclock and date.
        !           236: 
        !           237:      The time  can also         vary depending upon  what time zone  your COHERENT
        !           238:      system thinks  it's located in.  For information  on timezones and        how
        !           239:      to        set them correctly, see the Lexicon entry for TIMEZONE.
        !           240: 
        !           241: Command        Window
        !           242: The Command Window is the second  window from the top, and stretches across
        !           243: the width of  the screen.  This        window gives you  access to vsh's commands.
        !           244: Some  commands in the  command  window  actually open  an  entire menu  of
        !           245: commands, with which you can perform all manner        of work.
        !           246: 
        !           247: The command window contains the        following entries.  Note that the following
        !           248: displays the  vertically for convenience;  the actual window  displays them
        !           249: horizontally:
        !           250: 
        !           251:     File
        !           252:     Directory
        !           253:     Options
        !           254:     Install
        !           255:     Command
        !           256:     Refresh
        !           257:     Exit
        !           258:     Help
        !           259: 
        !           260: When the cursor         is in the File Window (which  is the default) and you wish
        !           261: to execute  one        of the  commands in the  Command Window, press  its initial
        !           262: letter.         For example, to execute the Refresh command, press R.
        !           263: 
        !           264: Note  that the commands on  this window  are in  two groups.   A command's
        !           265: behavior differs, depending upon which group it        belongs to.
        !           266: 
        !           267: The commands File, Directory, Options, and Install display a drop-down menu
        !           268: when  you invoke  it.  That is  because  they have  more  than one  option
        !           269: available under        it.   If you do not wish to  invoke any of the sub-commands
        !           270: on that        menu,  you can do either of the  following: You can press the <Esc>
        !           271: key, which erases the drop down-menu and returns you to        the File Window; or
        !           272: you can         press the <-  or -> keys,  which move you  to the command  in this
        !           273: group that lies,  respectively,        to the left or to  the right of the current
        !           274: command.  For  example,        suppose that you  were in the File  Window, and you
        !           275: pressed        F, to invoke the File  command.  vsh would move the cursor into the
        !           276: Command         Window, and  display the  File  Command's drop-down  window, which
        !           277: displays its  sub-commands.  If        you  then pressed the <Esc>  key, vsh would
        !           278: return you to the File Window.  If you pressed the -> key, vsh would erase
        !           279: the  File command's  drop-down window and  display, instead,  the drop-down
        !           280: window for the Directory command.  If, however,        you pressed the <- key, vsh
        !           281: would erase  the File command's        drop-down window  and display, instead, the
        !           282: drop-down  window for  the  Help command.   As you can  see, vsh  ``wraps-
        !           283: around'' the cursor  --        it considers the command at  the far right to be to
        !           284: the left of the        command to the far left left, and vice versa.  This concept
        !           285: is a little difficult to grasp when you        read about it, but once you try it,
        !           286: it will        quickly become clear.
        !           287: 
        !           288: ***um
        !           289: From a discussion with Vladimir I think the following information should
        !           290: be added here:
        !           291: The reaction on the ESC key is delayed by one secound. The curses function
        !           292: wgetch(), which is used to read from the keyboard, needs this delay to
        !           293: differ between the ESC key and the other function keys, which all starts
        !           294: with a ESC.
        !           295: ***um
        !           296: 
        !           297: The other  group of commands  are the commands Command,         Refresh, Exit, and
        !           298: Help each have only option, so when you invoke one of them, it immediately
        !           299: begins to execute  that option.   When  you access  one of  these commands
        !           300: through        the ->  and <- keys, each displays a  drop-down menu that shows its
        !           301: one option.
        !           302: 
        !           303: The following describes        each command in detail.
        !           304: 
        !           305: File Pressing F         invokes the File command.  This  displays a drop-down menu
        !           306:      that  lists  a  set  of  sub-commands.   These  sub-commands  let you
        !           307:      manipulate         files; with  them, you  can  edit a  file, create  a file,
        !           308:      change its         permissions, rename  it, erase it,  print it, or  do other
        !           309:      common tasks.
        !           310: 
        !           311:      To        invoke a sub-command, you can do either of the following: Press the
        !           312:      letter in the sub-command that is underlined (each        sub-command has its
        !           313:      own unique        letter with which you can invoke it); or use the ^ and v
        !           314:      keys  to move  the        highlighting  bar to that  command, and  then press
        !           315:      <Enter>.
        !           316: 
        !           317:      The following discusses each sub-command in detail:
        !           318: 
        !           319:      Copy This sub-command lets        you make a copy of a file.  It opens a pop-
        !           320:          up window that  shows the old file name and  requests a new name;
        !           321:          it then copies  the old file into the new  one that you name.  If
        !           322:          you type the name of an  existing file, vsh prompts you before it
        !           323:          overwrites that file.  It repeats this procedure for every tagged
        !           324:          file.
        !           325: 
        !           326: ***um
        !           327: Changed in release 2.8.
        !           328: A: No files tagged:
        !           329:    vsh opens a pop-up window that request a filename and/or pathname.
        !           330:    One may enter one or both of them and the following will happen:
        !           331:    1. Filename only: 
        !           332:       vsh coppies the file into the current directory with the new name.
        !           333:    2. Path only:
        !           334:       vsh coppies the file with the same name into the path.
        !           335:    3. Both:
        !           336:       vsh coppies the file into the given path with the given name.
        !           337: B: With files tagged:
        !           338:    vsh opens a pop-up window that requests a pathname. vsh coppies
        !           339:    all tagged files with their name to the given path.
        !           340: ***um
        !           341: 
        !           342:          Note that this command will not  overwrite a file that you do not
        !           343:          own; nor will it create a new file in a directory in which you do
        !           344:          not have  write permission, or  copy a file  on which you  do not
        !           345:          have  read permission.   For  more information  on copying  files
        !           346:          under COHERENT, see the Lexicon entry for the command cp.
        !           347: 
        !           348:      Move This sub-command  prompts you        for  the name of  a directory, then
        !           349:          moves all tagged files into it.  (If no files are tagged, then it
        !           350:          moves  only  the  highlighted  file.   For  more  information  on
        !           351:          tagging, see the entry for the sub-command Tag, below.) The files
        !           352:          retain their names in the new directory.
        !           353: 
        !           354:          Note that this command will not  copy a file for which you do not
        !           355:          have read permission, or copy  a file into a directory into which
        !           356:          you do not have write permission;  nor will it copy a file into a
        !           357:          non-existent directory (of course).  For details on moving files,
        !           358:          see the Lexicon entry for the command mv.
        !           359: 
        !           360:      Delete
        !           361:          This  sub-command deletes  the tagged  files.   (If no  files are
        !           362:          tagged,  then it  deletes only  the  highlighted file.   For more
        !           363:          information on  tagging, see the  entry for the  sub-command Tag,
        !           364:          below.) It will prompt you to  confirm that you really do want to
        !           365:          delete the  file or files  in question.  With regard  to the mass
        !           366:          deletion  of  tagged  files,  this  sub-command lets  you  choose
        !           367:          whether to do a mass deletion or delete files one at a time.
        !           368: 
        !           369:          Note that this sub-command will not delete a file that you do not
        !           370:          own.  For  details on deleting  files, see the  Lexicon entry for
        !           371:          the command rm.
        !           372: 
        !           373:      Rename
        !           374:          This sub-command lets  you rename the highlighted file.  It opens
        !           375:          a  pop-up window  that shows  the current name  of the  file, and
        !           376:          prompts you to type the new name.  Press <Esc> to abort this sub-
        !           377:          command, or type the new name and press <Enter>.
        !           378: 
        !           379:          It does not work with directories.   It will not let you rename a
        !           380:          file that  you do not own.   For details on renaming  a file, see
        !           381:          the Lexicon entry for the command mv.
        !           382: 
        !           383:      Execute
        !           384:          This sub-command executes  the highlighted file.  vsh prompts you
        !           385:          to type  the arguments you  wish to pass this  file, then invokes
        !           386:          the file with those arguments.
        !           387: 
        !           388:          Note that vsh  will not execute a file for  which you do not have
        !           389:          execute permission.
        !           390: 
        !           391:      Access
        !           392:          This sub-command lets you change the manner in which every tagged
        !           393:          file can  be accessed.  (If  no files are tagged,  the default is
        !           394:          the  highlighted file.)  When  you invoke  it,  vsh displays  the
        !           395:          following pop-up window for each tagged file:
        !           396: 
        !           397:              Change access f file filename
        !           398: 
        !           399:              Owner
        !           400:              Read [x]       Write[x]        Execute[ ]
        !           401: 
        !           402:              Group
        !           403:              Read [x]       Write[ ]        Execute[ ]
        !           404: 
        !           405:              World
        !           406:              Read [x]       Write[ ]        Execute[ ]
        !           407: 
        !           408:              Special
        !           409:              Set UID [ ]    Set GID [ ]     Set sticky[ ]
        !           410: 
        !           411: 
        !           412:          An `x'  in a  field means  that that permission  is turned  on; a
        !           413:          blank means that it is turned off.  Use the arrow keys to move to
        !           414:          the cursor the field whose  status you wish to change, then enter
        !           415:          a space or  `x' to, respectively, turn off or  turn on that given
        !           416: ***um                 ^^^ this does not work, should x also work?
        !           417:          permission.  To abort this command, press <Esc>.
        !           418: 
        !           419:          For  information what  permission  fields mean,  see the  Lexicon
        !           420:          entry for  ls. Note  that you can  reset permissions only  on the
        !           421:          files you own.
        !           422: 
        !           423:      Owner
        !           424:          This lets  you change the  owner and group that  owns each tagged
        !           425:          file.   If no  files are  tagged, then this  applies only  to the
        !           426:          highlighted file.  When  you invoke this sub-command, vsh opens a
        !           427:          pop-up window that shows the user and group that own a file: type
        !           428:          the name  of the  user or  group you want  to own the  file.  vsh
        !           429:          repeats this  step for each tagged file.   To abort this command,
        !           430:          press <Esc>.
        !           431: 
        !           432:          For  details on  changing ownership  of a  file, see  the Lexicon
        !           433:          entries  for the  command  chown and  chgrp. Note  that only  the
        !           434:          superuser root can run this command.
        !           435: 
        !           436:      Print
        !           437:          This passes every tagged  file to the print spooler for printing.
        !           438:          To change  the default print  spooler, use the  Install command's
        !           439:          Print spooler sub-command.
        !           440: 
        !           441:          Note that vsh does not apply  a filter to a file; for example, if
        !           442:          you  try  to  use this  feature  of  vsh to  print  a  file on  a
        !           443:          PostScript printer,  the printer will hang.   We suggest that you
        !           444:          use the command Command to print a file on a specialized printer.
        !           445:          It's a little more difficult, but it works.
        !           446: 
        !           447:      View This sub-command  invokes  the  default  viewer to  display  the
        !           448:          contents of  every tagged file.  If you try  to view the contents
        !           449:          of a binary file, the results may not be what you expect.
        !           450: 
        !           451:          Note that vsh  will not display a file for  which you do not have
        !           452:          read permission.   To change the default  viewer, use the Install
        !           453:          command's File viewer sub-command.
        !           454: 
        !           455:      Edit This sub-command invokes  the text editor  to edit  every tagged
        !           456:          file.  If  no files  are tagged,  then edit only  the highlighted
        !           457:          file.
        !           458: 
        !           459:          The  default text  editor is  vi, which  can create  problems for
        !           460:          persons who  do not  know how  to exit from  that editor.   For a
        !           461:          quick brush-up on vi, see  the Lexicon entry for elvis. To change
        !           462:          the default  text editor, use  the Install command's  Editor sub-
        !           463:          command.  Note  that COHERENT  will not let  you edit a  file for
        !           464:          which you do not have read permission.
        !           465: 
        !           466:      Edit new
        !           467:          This sub-command  prompts you  to type the  name of a  file, then
        !           468:          invokes the editor  for that file.  This can be  a new file (that
        !           469:          is, one that  does not yet exist in the  current directory), or a
        !           470:          file that already exists.
        !           471: 
        !           472:          Note  that if  you do  try to  edit a binary  file, you  may find
        !           473:          yourself running into difficulties.
        !           474: 
        !           475:      Touch
        !           476:          This ``touches''  every tagged  file --  that is, it  changes the
        !           477:          date and time  that the file was last modified,  just the same as
        !           478:          if you had just edited it.
        !           479: 
        !           480:          Note that you cannot touch a file for which you do not have write
        !           481:          permission.   For more  information  on touching  files, see  the
        !           482:          Lexicon entry for the command touch.
        !           483: 
        !           484:      Tag all
        !           485:          This sub-command  ``tags'' every  file in the  current directory.
        !           486:          This lets you do mass moves  or deletions of files.  When you tag
        !           487:          a file, vsh updates the entries Files tagged and File size ta. in
        !           488:          the Status  Window, to reflect  the number and total  size of the
        !           489:          files you  have just tagged.  It also prints  an asterisk next to
        !           490:          the tagged file.
        !           491: 
        !           492:          When the cursor is in the  File Window, you can toggle tagging on
        !           493:          the highlighted  file by pressing  the space bar.   Note that the
        !           494:          highlighted  file is  implicitly tagged,  whether an  as asterisk
        !           495:          appears next to  it or not.  For details, see  the section on the
        !           496:          Status Window, below.
        !           497: 
        !           498:      Untag all
        !           499:          This sub-command untags all  files that are tagged in the current
        !           500:          directory.  As  noted above,  you can  toggle the tagging  of the
        !           501:          highlighted file by pressing the space bar.  This command updates
        !           502:          the Status Window to reflect your changes.
        !           503: 
        !           504: ***um
        !           505: Here the Select function is missing, which allows to select files to be
        !           506: tagged with some sort of regular expressions.
        !           507: ***um
        !           508: 
        !           509:      File type
        !           510:          This command  prints a summary  of information about  the type of
        !           511:          the highlighted file.
        !           512: 
        !           513:      File info
        !           514:          This  sub-command  opens   a  pop-up  window  that  displays  the
        !           515:          following information about the highlighted file or directory:
        !           516: 
        !           517:              Filename
        !           518:              Filetype
        !           519:              I-Node
        !           520:              Links
        !           521:              Owner UID
        !           522:              Owner GID
        !           523:              access
        !           524:              modification
        !           525:              status changed
        !           526: 
        !           527:          Filename is  the name of  the file.  Filetype is  its type, e.g.,
        !           528:          directory  or regular  file.   I-Node gives  the  number of  this
        !           529:          file's  i-node; for  information on  what an  i-node is,  see its
        !           530:          entry in  the Lexicon.   Links gives the  number of links  to the
        !           531:          file.  For information on what a link is, see the Lexicon entries
        !           532:          for ln and link(). Owner UID and Owner GID identify the owner and
        !           533:          group that  own this file.   For information on what  the UID and
        !           534:          GID are,  see the Lexicon entries for  setuid and setgid. access,
        !           535:          modification, and status changed give, respectively, the date and
        !           536:          time the  file was last accessed, last modified,  or last had its
        !           537:          status changed.
        !           538: 
        !           539: Directory
        !           540:      Pressing D         invokes the Directory command.   This displays a drop-down
        !           541:      menu that lists a  set of  sub-commands.  These sub-commands  let you
        !           542:      manipulate        directories; with  them, you can create a directory, remove
        !           543:      a directory, change permissions, and other        common tasks.  You can also
        !           544:      manipulate        a ``directory stack,'' which lets you jump quickly from one
        !           545:      directory to another without having to retype its name.
        !           546: 
        !           547:      The following discusses each sub-command in detail:
        !           548: 
        !           549:      Change
        !           550:          This lets you change the current directory.  When you invoke this
        !           551:          subcommand, vsh displays the following pop-up window:
        !           552: 
        !           553: 
        !           554:              Enter destination path
        !           555: 
        !           556: 
        !           557:          Type the full  path name of the directory you  wish to enter.  If
        !           558:          this directory  does not exist,  or if you cannot  access it, vsh
        !           559:          leaves you  in the current directory; otherwise,  it moves you to
        !           560:          the requested directory.
        !           561: 
        !           562:      Home This moves you to your home directory.
        !           563: 
        !           564:      User's Home
        !           565:          This moves  you to the home directory of  another user.  When you
        !           566:          invoke this sub-command, vsh asks you to name the user whose home
        !           567:          directory you wish to enter.   To abort, press <Esc>. If the user
        !           568:          you enter does not exist or if you do not have permission to read
        !           569:          her  home directory,  vsh leaves  you  in the  current directory;
        !           570:          otherwise, vsh moves you into that user's home directory.
        !           571: 
        !           572:      Push The next  three sub-commands makes it  easy for you  to maneuver
        !           573:          your way around the COHERENT file system.  The work by using what
        !           574:          is called a ``directory stack''.   In effect, you can tell vsh to
        !           575:          remember the directory you are in (this is termed ``pushing'' the
        !           576:          directory  onto  the  stack); then,  when  you  have switched  to
        !           577:          another directory,  you can returned to  this directory simply by
        !           578:          ``popping'' this pushed directory from the directory stack.  This
        !           579:          lets you  move around among directories  without having to retype
        !           580:          them continually.
        !           581: 
        !           582:          The  Push  sub-command  pushes  the  current directory  onto  the
        !           583:          directory stack.   When you push a  directory, vsh increments the
        !           584:          number next  to the entry Dir. Stack in  the Status Window.  This
        !           585:          tells you how many directories you have pushed onto the directory
        !           586:          stack.
        !           587: 
        !           588:      Pop & cd
        !           589:          This sub-command moves you  to the last directory you pushed onto
        !           590:          the  directory  stack.   It  also  removes  that  directory  from
        !           591:          directory  stack.  When  you pop a  directory from  the directory
        !           592:          stack, vsh decrements the number  next to the entry Dir. Stack in
        !           593:          the Status Window.  This tells you how many directories remain on
        !           594:          the directory stack.
        !           595: 
        !           596:          Note that directories are  popped in the order opposite from that
        !           597:          in which they were entered.  For example, if you pushed directory
        !           598:          /usr/bin/sys   onto   the   directory   stack,   then   directory
        !           599:          /usr/lib/mail,  then  /bin,  invoking  the Pop  sub-command  will
        !           600:          return you to  directory /bin, then to /usr/lib/mail, and finally
        !           601:          to directory /usr/include/sys.
        !           602: 
        !           603:      Switch
        !           604:          This command switches the  current directory and the top entry in
        !           605:          the directory stack.
        !           606: 
        !           607:      Copy This copy the        highlighted directory plus all of its contents into
        !           608:          another directory  whose name you type into  a pop-up window.  It
        !           609:          behaves much like the command cpdir.
        !           610: 
        !           611:      Delete
        !           612:          This deletes  the highlighted directory.   It does not  work with
        !           613:          files.  If the directory has files in it, vsh will prompt you and
        !           614:          ask if you want the directory to vanish.  If you answer `Y', then
        !           615:          vsh removes it, files and all  -- just as if you had executed the
        !           616:          command rm -rf.
        !           617: 
        !           618:          vsh will not delete a directory that you do not own.
        !           619: 
        !           620:      Rename
        !           621:          This sub-command renames  the highlighted directory.  vsh opens a
        !           622:          pop-up  window  and prompts  you  to  type the  new  name of  the
        !           623:          directory.  Press <Esc> to abort this sub-command.  Note that you
        !           624:          can rename only  directories that you own.  This sub-command does
        !           625:          not work with files.
        !           626: 
        !           627:      Create
        !           628:          This  sub-command   creates  a  new  directory   in  the  current
        !           629:          directory.  vsh  prompts you for  the name of  the new directory,
        !           630:          and then  creates it.  Note that you can  create a directory only
        !           631:          if you have write permission in the current directory.
        !           632: 
        !           633:      Access
        !           634:          This  lets you  reset the  access  permission on  the highlighted
        !           635:          directory.   This  is   the  directory  equivalent  of  the  File
        !           636:          command's  Access sub-command.
        !           637: 
        !           638:      Owner
        !           639:          This  lets  you  reset  the  user  and group  that  own  a  given
        !           640:          directory.   This  is   the  directory  equivalent  of  the  File
        !           641:          command's Owner  sub-command.  Note that only  the superuser root
        !           642:          can run this command.
        !           643: 
        !           644:      Read new
        !           645:          This tells vsh to  re-read the current directory.  vsh copies the
        !           646:          contents of  the current directory  into memory for  its own use;
        !           647:          thus, if other  people manipulated the directory and its contents
        !           648:          after vsh read its contents, what you see in the File Window will
        !           649:          not reflect the true state  of affairs in that directory.  If you
        !           650:          are working with a directory  that is being manipulated by one or
        !           651:          more other  people, you  should issue  this command from  time to
        !           652:          time, to  ensure that you  are working with an  accurate image of
        !           653:          the directory's contents.
        !           654: 
        !           655:      Info This is the  same as  the File info  sub-command under  the File
        !           656:          command, described above.
        !           657: 
        !           658: Options
        !           659:      Pressing  O invokes  the Options  command.          Its sub-commands  let you
        !           660:      perform common  system tasks The following         discusses each sub-command
        !           661:      in        detail:
        !           662: 
        !           663:      Shell
        !           664:          This command  invokes an interactive  shell.  When you  exit from
        !           665:          the  shell  (either by  typing  exit or  <ctrl-D>),  you will  be
        !           666:          returned to vsh.
        !           667: 
        !           668:          By  default,  vsh invokes  the  Bourne shell  sh;  to change  the
        !           669:          default  shell,  use  the  Shell  sub-command under  the  Install
        !           670:          command, which is described below.
        !           671: 
        !           672:      Lock terminal
        !           673:          This command  locks your terminal.  When  the terminal is locked,
        !           674:          no command can entered into it; this lets you walk away from your
        !           675:          terminal briefly without worrying whether anyone (e.g., your cat)
        !           676:          will do anything untoward under your login.  The terminal remains
        !           677:          locked until you retype the secret password that you entered when
        !           678:          you invoked this sub-command
        !           679: 
        !           680:          When you  invoke this sub-command,  a pop-up window  appears with
        !           681:          the following:
        !           682: 
        !           683:              Lock Enter Password
        !           684: 
        !           685:          vsh prints  a `#' to echo  each character that you  type.  If you
        !           686:          wish to  abort the Lock  sub-command, press <Esc>.  When you have
        !           687:          finished  entering your  password, press  <Enter>. When  you have
        !           688:          entered the password, the following window appears:
        !           689: 
        !           690:              This Terminal is locked!
        !           691: 
        !           692:              Enter Password to unlock
        !           693:              or hit return to logoff
        !           694: 
        !           695:          Type  the password  to return  to vsh. If  you (or  someone else)
        !           696:          presses <Enter>, you will be logged out of COHERENT.
        !           697: 
        !           698:      Messages
        !           699:          This sub-command lets  you receive or ignore messages.  A message
        !           700:          can be sent to your  terminal by another user or another process;
        !           701:          for example,  the mail command  may send a prompt  to your screen
        !           702:          when new mail is received.
        !           703: 
        !           704:          When you invoke this sub-command, vsh displays the following pop-
        !           705:          up window:
        !           706: 
        !           707: 
        !           708:              Do you want to receive messages ?
        !           709: 
        !           710:                     Yes         No
        !           711: 
        !           712: 
        !           713:          Use the -> and <- keys  to select the option you want, then press
        !           714:          <Enter>. When you  change your message status, the information in
        !           715:          the  Status  Window  changes.  For  example,  when  you turn  off
        !           716:          messaging,  the following  appears at  the  bottom of  the Status
        !           717:          Window:
        !           718: 
        !           719:              You can't get messages
        !           720: 
        !           721:          For information on  how COHERENT sends messages to your terminal,
        !           722:          see the Lexicon entry for  mesg. Also, see the description of the
        !           723:          Status Window, below.
        !           724: 
        !           725:      Online manual
        !           726:          This lets you select  an entry from the COHERENT system's on-line
        !           727:          manual pages.  When you invoke this sub-command, vsh displays the
        !           728:          following pop-up window:
        !           729: 
        !           730:              Enter topic, chapter is optional :
        !           731: 
        !           732:              Topic:
        !           733: 
        !           734:              Chapter:
        !           735: 
        !           736:          Type  the title  of  the Lexicon  entry that  interests you;  for
        !           737:          example, to see the Lexicon  entry for the command vsh, enter vsh
        !           738:          in the Topic slot, then  type <Enter>. Do not enter anything into
        !           739:          the Chapter  slot; this  does not  apply to the  COHERENT system.
        !           740:          You will  see on your screen  the Lexicon entry that  you are now
        !           741:          reading.   If you  change your  mind, press  <Esc> to  abort this
        !           742:          command.
        !           743: 
        !           744:          Note that  if you did not install or  uncompress the manual pages
        !           745:          when you  installed your  COHERENT system, this  sub-command will
        !           746:          not work.  For more information on the COHERENT manual pages, see
        !           747:          the Lexicon entries for the commands help and man.
        !           748: 
        !           749: Install
        !           750:      Pressing  I invokes  the Install  command.          Its sub-commands  let you
        !           751:      modify some  of vsh's  default behaviors; in particular, it  lets you
        !           752:      program your  function keys to execute some tasks you select with one
        !           753:      keystroke.         The following discusses each sub-command in detail:
        !           754: 
        !           755:      Display
        !           756:          This  command lets  you  customize appearance  of  vsh. When  you
        !           757:          invoke  this  sub-command,  vsh  displays  the  following  pop-up
        !           758:          window:
        !           759: 
        !           760:              Display Attributes
        !           761: 
        !           762:              Menubar
        !           763:              Menu color
        !           764:              Menu attribute
        !           765:              Dialog box
        !           766: 
        !           767:          The entry  Menubar lets you select the  display attribute for the
        !           768:          menu bar, which can be one of bold, underline, or reverse.
        !           769: 
        !           770:          The entry  Menu color lets you  set the menu color,  which can be
        !           771:          either normal  or reverse. (This may vary,  depending on the type
        !           772:          of terminal you are using.)
        !           773: 
        !           774:          The entry  Menu attribute lets you set  the display attribute for
        !           775:          pulldown menus,  which can  be one  of bold, underline,  bold, or
        !           776:          normal.
        !           777: 
        !           778:          Finally, the entry Dialog  box lets you set the display attribute
        !           779:          for dialogue boxes, which can be one of bold, underline, or both.
        !           780: 
        !           781:          The best  way to see what  these commands do is  to try them out.
        !           782:          As  mentioned  above,  the behavior  may  change  from device  to
        !           783:          device, depending upon the type of terminal that you are using.
        !           784: 
        !           785:      Function keys
        !           786:          This lets  you ``program'' up  to nine function keys,  so you can
        !           787:          invoke selected commands easily.  Each user can have her own list
        !           788:          of programmed function keys.
        !           789: 
        !           790:          When  you invoke  this  sub-command, vsh  displays the  following
        !           791:          drop-down menu:
        !           792: 
        !           793:              Function keys
        !           794: 
        !           795:              Function key 1
        !           796:              Function key 2
        !           797:                 ...
        !           798:              Function key 9
        !           799: 
        !           800:          Press 1  through 9 to program the  corresponding function key (or
        !           801:          use the ^ and v keys  to move  then highlighting bar,  then press
        !           802:          <Enter>). vsh  asks you to  enter the label for  the function key
        !           803:          and the  command you want that function key  to invoke.  When you
        !           804:          have  finished, the  new label will  appear in  the corresponding
        !           805:          function-key tag at the bottom  of the screen; and when you press
        !           806:          that function key, vsh executes the corresponding command.
        !           807: 
        !           808:          For  example, to  make the  game chase one  of your  function key
        !           809:          entries, do  the following: First, press I  to invoke the Install
        !           810:          command.  The  press k to  invoke the Function  keys sub-command.
        !           811:          When  the  function-keys drop-down  menu  appears,  press 2,  for
        !           812:          function-key F2.   When the label pop-window  appears, type chase
        !           813:          into the first slot, which holds the label Press <Tab> to jump to
        !           814:          the second  slot, which holds  the command to  execute, then type
        !           815:          /usr/games/chase. When you have done typing, press <Enter>.
        !           816: 
        !           817:          As you  can see, the  F2 stub at  the bottom of  the screen shows
        !           818:          chase; and  when you press  F2, vsh launches you  into chase. You
        !           819:          can program the first nine function keys to work in the same way.
        !           820: 
        !           821:          You can embed the token %F as a placeholder for the current file.
        !           822:          For example,  to count the  number of lines in  the current file,
        !           823:          put the following command into a function-key definition:
        !           824: 
        !           825:              wc -l %F
        !           826: 
        !           827:          Because some computers still do not have function keys (e.g., the
        !           828:          NeXT  machine),  you can  also  use the  number  keys to  execute
        !           829:          commands installed on the function keys.
        !           830: 
        !           831:          By the way, for information on the highly amusing game chase, see
        !           832:          its entry in the Lexicon.
        !           833: 
        !           834:      Shell
        !           835:          This sub-command  lets you  set the  default shell that  vsh runs
        !           836:          when you  invoke its  Shell command.   When you invoke  this sub-
        !           837:          command, vsh displays the following pop-up menu:
        !           838: 
        !           839:              Enter command to run a shell
        !           840:              (Coherent default is '/bin/sh')
        !           841: 
        !           842:                  /bin/sh
        !           843: 
        !           844:          Type the  shell that  you want,  either /bin/sh or  /bin/ksh, and
        !           845:          press <Enter>.  (You can enter  another program if  you like, but
        !           846:          you may  get some strange results if you  do.) For information on
        !           847:          each shell, see its entry in the Lexicon.
        !           848: 
        !           849:      Editor
        !           850:          This lets you set the editor that vsh invokes when you select the
        !           851:          Edit  sub-command under  the File command.   When you  invoke the
        !           852:          Editor sub-command, vsh displays the following pop-up window:
        !           853: 
        !           854:              Enter command to run an editor
        !           855:              (Coherent default is 'vi')
        !           856: 
        !           857:                  vi
        !           858: 
        !           859:          Type the editor  that you want, one of ed,  me, or vi; then press
        !           860:          <Enter>. For  information on  each editor,  see its entry  in the
        !           861:          Lexicon.
        !           862: 
        !           863:      Print spooler
        !           864:          This lets  you set the  spooler that vsh invokes  when you select
        !           865:          the Print  sub-command under the  File command.  When  you invoke
        !           866:          the Print spooler  sub-command, vsh displays the following pop-up
        !           867:          window:
        !           868: 
        !           869:              Enter command to run a print-spooler
        !           870:              (Coherent default is 'lpr -B')
        !           871: 
        !           872:                  lpr -B
        !           873: 
        !           874:          Enter the  spooler that  you want.   For more information  on the
        !           875:          spooling commands available under COHERENT, see the Lexicon entry
        !           876:          printer.
        !           877: 
        !           878:          Beginning with release 2.7 of vsh, this feature works with pipes.
        !           879:          vsh understands  that the token  %F represents the  current file.
        !           880:          For  example, if  you have  a PostScript  printer, you  will want
        !           881:          every file  to be processed by the command  prps before you print
        !           882:          it.  Thus, enter the command:
        !           883: 
        !           884:              prps %F | hpr -B
        !           885: 
        !           886:          This  tells vsh  to filter  each file through  prps and  pipe the
        !           887:          output to the laser-printer spooler hpr.
        !           888: 
        !           889:          Some of  this functionality may  not be necessary  under COHERENT
        !           890:          release 4.1, which implements the System-V lp print spooler.  See
        !           891:          the Lexicon article printer for details.
        !           892: 
        !           893:      File viewer
        !           894:          This lets you set the viewer that vsh invokes when you select the
        !           895:          View  sub-command under  the File command.   When you  invoke the
        !           896:          File  viewer  sub-command,  vsh  displays  the  following  pop-up
        !           897:          window:
        !           898: 
        !           899:              Enter command to run a file view utility
        !           900:              (Coherent default is 'more')
        !           901: 
        !           902:                  more
        !           903: 
        !           904:          Enter one of more or  scat. For information on how these commands
        !           905:          differ, see their entries in the Lexicon.
        !           906: 
        !           907: Command
        !           908:      The command  Command lets you send a  command directly to  a COHERENT
        !           909:      shell.   This  lets  you  invoke  commands         that  ordinarily  are  not
        !           910:      available through vsh.
        !           911: 
        !           912: Suppose, for example, that you decided you wanted to play a session of the
        !           913: game tetris,  and that you  have not yet  programmed tetris as one of your
        !           914: function keys.  Press C to invoke  Command. vsh moves the  cursor moves to
        !           915: the bottom  of the screen,  and        erases the  row of boxes  that describe the
        !           916: function  keys.         You  can  now type  the  command you  want,  in this  case
        !           917: /usr/games/tetris. To  run the command,        press <Enter>;  to abort entering a
        !           918: command        and return to vsh, type <Esc>.
        !           919: 
        !           920: When you  press        <Enter>,  vsh runs  the command you  typed.  When  you have
        !           921: finished playing tetris        and have exited  from it, vsh clears the screen and
        !           922: displays the message:
        !           923: 
        !           924:     Hit        any key to continue ...
        !           925: 
        !           926: When you  press        a key,  vsh redraws itself  on your screen  and returns the
        !           927: cursor to the File Window.
        !           928: 
        !           929: (By the        way, the COHERENT version of tetris is available as part of COHware
        !           930: volumes        2  and 3.   For information on  obtaining COHware, see  the release
        !           931: notes that came        with your copy of COHERENT.)
        !           932: 
        !           933: Command         also remembers  the last  40  commands that  you have  issued.  To
        !           934: invoke a command that you previous issued through Command, press the ^ key.
        !           935: The  last command  you issued  will  appear in the command  slot.  If  you
        !           936: continue to press the ^        key, others  commands appear, in reverse order from
        !           937: when you  issued them. If you  overshoot the command that  you want to re-
        !           938: run, press the v  key  to walk back  down the  list  of previously  issued
        !           939: commands.  When         you find  the previously issued  command that you  wish to
        !           940: rerun, just press <Enter> and vsh runs it again.
        !           941: 
        !           942: Pressing <Home>        moves to the first  command in the command list -- that is,
        !           943: the command you        issued first.  Pressing  <End> moves to the last command in
        !           944: the list  -- that is, the  command you issued most  recently.  You can also
        !           945: 
        !           946: ***um
        !           947: No, Home and End moves to first/last character of the current command.
        !           948: So they have the same function as PageUp anf PageDown. I think I should
        !           949: change this in the next release, what do you think?
        !           950: ***um
        !           951: 
        !           952: edit a previously issued  command.  The        following gives lists the available
        !           953: editing        commands:
        !           954: 
        !           955:      <-               Move the cursor one character to the left
        !           956:      ->               Move the cursor one character to the right
        !           957:      <del>     Delete the character to the left
        !           958:      <backspace>Delete the character to        the left
        !           959:      <ctrl-D>  Delete the character over the cursor
        !           960:      <ctrl-P>  Go to last character of the command
        !           961:      <ctrl-N>  Go to first character of        the command
        !           962: 
        !           963: Finally,  if you  embed        the  token  %F in  a command,  vsh substitutes  the
        !           964: currently highlighted file for it.
        !           965: 
        !           966: ***um
        !           967: Also environment variables like $HOME may be used, they will be expanded.
        !           968: Also the cd command may be typed here. Do not try to use ; as a separator
        !           969: for another command, that does not work now with cd. All other commands
        !           970: may be bundled exactely how the shells can do this. This is because a
        !           971: shell is called to execute the command line entered.
        !           972: ***um
        !           973: 
        !           974: Refresh
        !           975:      The command Refresh redraws the  screen.  It does no other        work.  This
        !           976:      is         helpful if  your screen  has become jumbled  or scrambled  for any
        !           977:      reason -- such as a message  being        written onto your screen by another
        !           978:      user.
        !           979: 
        !           980: To invoke  this        command, type R.  vsh pauses very briefly,  then the screen
        !           981: flickers as vsh         redraws.  If the screen had been  confused for any reason,
        !           982: invoking this command should restore to        its proper state.
        !           983: 
        !           984: ***um
        !           985: If you have a need for refreshing the screen while a pop-up menu or
        !           986: a pop-up window is active, you can do so all the time with <cntl-L>.
        !           987: ***um
        !           988: 
        !           989: Exit The command  Exit exits you  from vsh. To exit from vsh,  press E. In
        !           990:      response, vsh pops        the following window onto your screen:
        !           991: 
        !           992:         Do you really want to quit?
        !           993: 
        !           994:                Yes       No
        !           995: 
        !           996:      The  window is  in        reverse  video,  for emphasis.   The option  Yes is
        !           997:      underlined, to show  that it is the default choice.   If you really do
        !           998:      wish to exit, press <Enter>; and vsh returns to the COHERENT shell.
        !           999: 
        !          1000: If you changed your mind, however,  and do not wish to  exit, press the ->
        !          1001: key to change  the option; this        will shift the  underlining from option Yes
        !          1002: to option  No. Pressing        enter at  this point selects the  No option; vsh in
        !          1003: response removes the  pop-up window from the screen and         returns you to the
        !          1004: File Window.
        !          1005: 
        !          1006: If you change your mind  again, though, and  really do wish  to exit, then
        !          1007: press the <- key.  The underlining  shifts back        to the Yes option; and when
        !          1008: you press <Enter> you exit from        vsh and return to the shell.
        !          1009: 
        !          1010: Status Window
        !          1011: The Status Window is the lower window on the right side        of the screen.  The
        !          1012: cursor never enters  this window;  rather,  this window  gives information
        !          1013: about how  vsh is functioning, and  in particular about        the  files that are
        !          1014: currently displayed in the File        Window.
        !          1015: 
        !          1016: The Status Window appears as follows:
        !          1017: 
        !          1018:     Files:
        !          1019:     File size:
        !          1020:     Files tagged:
        !          1021:     File size ta.:
        !          1022:     Dir. Stack:
        !          1023:     Mail:
        !          1024:     mailbox
        !          1025:     You        can get messages
        !          1026: 
        !          1027: The following discusses        each entry in detail.
        !          1028: 
        !          1029: Files
        !          1030:      This gives        the number of files  being shown in File Window.  Note that
        !          1031:      this is  all files        that can  be scrolled through that  window, not the
        !          1032:      files that        are shown in that window at this moment.
        !          1033: 
        !          1034: File size
        !          1035:      This gives        the total size, in bytes, of all files available through in
        !          1036:      the File Window.
        !          1037: 
        !          1038: Files tagged
        !          1039:      This  gives  the  number of  files         that  you  have  tagged.  See  the
        !          1040:      description of the        File command, above, for details.
        !          1041: 
        !          1042: File size ta.
        !          1043:      This gives        the total size of all tagged files.  See the description of
        !          1044:      the File command, above, for details.
        !          1045: 
        !          1046: Dir. Stack
        !          1047:      This  gives the  number of         directories that  currently reside  on the
        !          1048:      directory stack.  As noted above,  you can ``push''  directories onto
        !          1049:      the directory stack or ``pop'' them from it.  By doing so,        you have an
        !          1050:      easy way  to jump about from one directory         to another, without having
        !          1051:      to        type directory names  repeatedly.  See the above description of the
        !          1052:      Directory command for more        details.
        !          1053: 
        !          1054:      You can have a maximum of ten directories on the stack.
        !          1055: 
        !          1056: Mail This line indicates whether you have  mail        waiting to be read.  If you
        !          1057:      don't, this line will say
        !          1058: 
        !          1059:         None
        !          1060: 
        !          1061:      whereas if        you do, the line will say
        !          1062: 
        !          1063:         Avail
        !          1064: 
        !          1065:      and flash at you. If new mail arrives, vsh flashes
        !          1066: 
        !          1067:         New
        !          1068: 
        !          1069:      in        that slot.
        !          1070: 
        !          1071: mailbox
        !          1072:      This line gives the name  of your mailbox  -- that is,  the file that
        !          1073:      mail reads.
        !          1074: 
        !          1075: messages
        !          1076:      This  indicates whether  your terminal can         receive messages  -- e.g.,
        !          1077:      whether a message will  pop up  on your screen  if someone  wishes to
        !          1078:      communicate with  you via the write command.   For        more information on
        !          1079:      how to  change the         message status of  your terminal, see  the Lexicon
        !          1080:      entry for the command mesg.
        !          1081: 
        !          1082: Function Keys
        !          1083: The bottom of the screen show nine small boxes in reverse video.  These        are
        !          1084: labelled F1 through F9.        If you  have defined the key using the Function Key
        !          1085: command, vsh displays the box the tag that you gave that key.
        !          1086: 
        !          1087: For example, in         our above example we set key  F1 to run the command ps -a,
        !          1088: and gave  it the tag ps.  At the bottom        of the screen,  the box labelled F1
        !          1089: should show ps.
        !          1090: 
        !          1091: For more details, see the description of the Function Key command, above.
        !          1092: 
        !          1093: Configuration File
        !          1094: vsh reads  the file $HOME/.udt to  configure itself.  If you  wish, you        can
        !          1095: use a text editor to edit this file, and so modify the behavior        of vsh.
        !          1096: 
        !          1097: ***um Not from inside vsh!!!
        !          1098: 
        !          1099: A typical .udt file reads as follows:
        !          1100: 
        !          1101:     cwd=/v/fwb
        !          1102:     shell=/bin/ksh
        !          1103:     editor=me
        !          1104:     print-spooler=hpr -B
        !          1105:     view=more
        !          1106:     make=make
        !          1107:     me-disp-attr=reverse
        !          1108:     pd-disp-color=normal
        !          1109:     pd-disp-attr=bold
        !          1110:     se-disp-attr=underline
        !          1111:     pfkey1=  mail mail
        !          1112:     pfkey9=tetris /usr/games/tetris
        !          1113:     cmd=
        !          1114:        tetris
        !          1115:        tetris
        !          1116:        echo foo
        !          1117: 
        !          1118: cwd  points to the current  working directory, that  is, the  directory in
        !          1119: which you have last worked with        vsh. vsh returns you to that directory when
        !          1120: you next invoke        the shell.
        !          1121: 
        !          1122: shell, editor, print-spooler, view, and        make give, respectively, the shell,
        !          1123: editor,        print-spooler, viewer, and  make utility that you selected with the
        !          1124: Install        command.   If you change one  of these values, the  behavior of vsh
        !          1125: changes        to reflect the change.  For example, if you change the line
        !          1126: 
        !          1127:     editor=me
        !          1128: 
        !          1129: to
        !          1130: 
        !          1131:     editor=ed
        !          1132: 
        !          1133: then vsh  will invoke ed the  next time        you request  the File command' Edit
        !          1134: sub-command.
        !          1135: 
        !          1136: me-disp-attr,  pd-disp-color,  pd-disp-attr,   and  se-disp-attr  give the
        !          1137: display        features for, respectively, the  menu bar, the menu color, the menu
        !          1138: attribute, and the dialogue box.
        !          1139: 
        !          1140: The lines pfkey1 through pfkey9        set the behavior of the function keys.  The
        !          1141: first seven characters after the equal sign `=' give the text that appears
        !          1142: in stub         at the  bottom of  the screen.  Everything  after the  first seven
        !          1143: characters  describes  the  command to be  executed  when  you press  that
        !          1144: function key.
        !          1145: 
        !          1146: The  text that follows the  line  cmd= lists  the commands  that you  have
        !          1147: executed with the command Command.
        !          1148: 
        !          1149: Command-line Options
        !          1150: vsh recognizes the following options:
        !          1151: 
        !          1152: -d Enter vsh  and begin        in the current directory.   Normally, vsh begins in
        !          1153:    the last directory used in your last        vsh session.
        !          1154: ***um An additional directory name may be given to start from.
        !          1155: 
        !          1156: -e Do  not  use         the  graphic  character  set.  This  option  coarsens  the
        !          1157:    appearance  of vsh, but gives  it  a fighting  chance to  run on  cheap
        !          1158:    terminals that do not implement  the        full alternate character set of the
        !          1159:    DEC VT-100 terminal.
        !          1160: 
        !          1161: -i Restrict the         user's ability to run the Install  command.  In this mode,
        !          1162:    vsh can be  used as a restricted shell, especially  if it is        embedded in
        !          1163:    /etc/passwd.
        !          1164: 
        !          1165: -r Restrict the        shell.  This option turns off the following:
        !          1166: 
        !          1167:        -> The command Command
        !          1168:        -> No interactive shell can be called from the Options menu
        !          1169:        -> Most options from the        Directory menu
        !          1170:        -> Most options from the        Install menu
        !          1171: 
        !          1172:    This        lets the system administrator restrict the activity of users fairly
        !          1173:    strongly.
        !          1174: 
        !          1175: -t This        command-line option tells  vsh to assume the entire VT-100 mapping.
        !          1176:    This        is  useful with terminals whose  system definitions are incomplete,
        !          1177:    or the alternate character set is ignored.
        !          1178: 
        !          1179: Files
        !          1180: $HOME/.udt -- Configuration file
        !          1181: 
        !          1182: See Also
        !          1183: commands, ksh, sh, terminfo, ttytype
        !          1184: 
        !          1185: Notes
        !          1186: vsh was        written by Udo Munk.

This archive runs on limited infrastructure. Preserving old code on modern bandwidth. Automated agents are requested to crawl responsibly.