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1.1 root 1: vvsshh -- Command (last revised: FFeebbrruuaarryy 2233, 11999933)
2:
3: vvsshh
4:
5: vvsshh is the COHERENT system's visual shell. With it, users can use arrow
6: keys or simple keystrokes to perform tasks under the COHERENT, such as
7: change directories, edit files, and execute programs. Each user can
8: program a bank of up to nine function keys to perform complex tasks with a
9: single keystroke. With vvsshh, a naive user can access much of the power of
10: the COHERENT system without having to learn the details of sshh or kksshh.
11:
12: Unlike X or other windowing systems, vvsshh works on a character-based
13: terminal and requires only a modest amount of memory. It does not require
14: a mouse.
15:
16: _G_r_a_p_h_i_c_s _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e
17: vvsshh uses the ccuurrsseess library and tteerrmmiinnffoo descriptions. To use vvsshh, you
18: must have a tteerrmmiinnffoo description installed for the device upon which you
19: wish to run it, and you must set the environmental variable TTEERRMM to point
20: correctly to that description. For example, to run vvsshh from your console,
21: you should set TTEERRMM to aannssiippcc; while to run it from a PC that is plugged
22: into a serial port, you should set TTEERRMM to vvtt110000. You must have a tteerrmmiinnffoo
23: description for the device to which you set TTEERRMM, or vvsshh will behave in a
24: bizarre manner. For more information on devices and how to set them, see
25: the Lexicon entries for TTEERRMM and tteerrmmiinnffoo. For more information on
26: terminals in general, see the entry for tteerrmmiinnaall.
27:
28: To ensure that TTEERRMM set correctly, may wish to embed the command ttttyyttyyppee in
29: your system's /eettcc/pprrooffiillee. For more details, see the Lexicon entry for
30: ttttyyttyyppee.
31:
32: If you have a non-standard terminal or have trouble displaying vvsshh, try
33: invoking it with the options -ee or -tt. All of vvsshh's command-line options
34: are described below.
35:
36: _M_a_i_n _S_c_r_e_e_n
37: When you invoke vvsshh, you see the following screen:
38:
39: As you can see, the screen is divided five sections, or _w_i_n_d_o_w_s:
40:
41: -> The first window, the _C_o_m_m_a_n_d Window, is the narrow window that runs
42: across the top of the screen. This window lists the commands that vvsshh
43: can perform. You will enter this window frequently as you work with
44: vvsshh.
45:
46: -> The second window, the _C_u_r_r_e_n_t _D_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_y window, names the directory
47: that you are currently in.
48:
49: -> The third window, the _F_i_l_e Window, extends down the left side of the
50: screen. It lists the contents of the current directory. You will also
51: work frequently in this window.
52:
53: -> The fourth window, the _S_y_s_t_e_m Window, is the upper window on the left
54: side of the screen. It gives information about the system, that is, who
55: is running vvsshh, the device she is running it on, and the current date
56: and time. You will never enter this window.
57:
58: -> The last window, the _S_t_a_t_u_s Window, gives information about the work you
59: have performed under vvsshh. Again, you will never enter this window.
60:
61: Across the bottom of the screen are nine ``stubs,'' one each for function
62: keys one through nine. The stub's text indicates the command that vvsshh
63: executes when you press that key.
64:
65: The following sections discuss each window in detail.
66:
67: _F_i_l_e _W_i_n_d_o_w
68: The file window lists all of the files and directories within the current
69: directory. This is the default window for vvsshh; the cursor ordinarily rests
70: in this window, and you will do most of your work in it.
71:
72: The leftmost column in the File Window gives the name of each file and
73: directory. Directories are given at the top of the list; they are enclosed
74: within brackets `[ ]'. The other columns give, respectively the time the
75: file or directory was last updated; the date it was last updated; and its
76: permissions. For information on how to interpret the permissions string,
77: see the Lexicon entry for the command llss.
78:
79: The top listing in the File Window is always [..], which represents the
80: current directory's parent directory.
81:
82: The top listing in this list is highlighted by being shown in reverse
83: video. To move the highlighting bar up and down the list, use the arrow
84: keys. If you press the arrow keys on your keyboard's number pad, be sure
85: to turn the <NNuummLLoocckk> key _o_f_f, or the keys will not work as you expect. If
86: you press the |v key, the bar shifts down one row on the list. Pressing the
87: |^ key moves the bar up one row.
88:
89: You can page up or page down by pressing, respectively, the keys <PPggUUpp> and
90: <PPggDDnn>. The key <HHoommee> moves the cursor to the top of the list, and <EEnndd>
91: moves it to the bottom. If your terminal does not implement these keys,
92: you can use the following control characters:
93:
94: <ccttrrll-NN> Next page (like <PPggDDnn>)
95: <ccttrrll-PP> Previous page (like <PPggUUpp>)
96: <ccttrrll-AA> Beginning (top) of list (like <HHoommee>)
97: <ccttrrll-EE> End (bottom) of list (like <EEnndd>)
98:
99: Note that if the list of files and directories is too large to fit into the
100: window, moving the bar to the bottom of the window and pressing |v will
101: scroll the list. If you press the <EEnndd> key, the row moves to the last row
102: in the list; and if you press <HHoommee>, it moves to the top of the list.
103:
104: A scroll bar runs down the right side of the File Window. As you scroll up
105: and down this window, the scroll bar moves. Note that the position of the
106: scroll bar is proportional to the highlighting bar's position in relation
107: to the entire list of files, not just to its current position within the
108: File Window. This gives you an easy way to see just where you are in the
109: entire file list.
110:
111: If you position the highlighting bar over the name of a directory and press
112: <EEnntteerr> (sometimes also labeled <RReettuurrnn>), vvsshh names that directory in the
113: Current Directory Window, and displays its contents in the File Window.
114: For example, if you position the highlighting bar over the entry for
115: directory [lleetttteerrss] and press <EEnntteerr>, vvsshh displays the contents of
116: directory lleetttteerrss in the File Window. (If you are familiar with the Bourne
117: or Korn shell, this has the same effect as typing the command ccdd lleetttteerrss.)
118: To return to the directory you had just been display (that is, the parent
119: directory of lleetttteerrss), use the arrow keys to move the highlighting bar to
120: the entry [..]; then press <EEnntteerr>. vvsshh changes the contents of the Current
121: Directory Window, and in the File Window erases the contents of lleetttteerrss and
122: displays the contents of its parent directory.
123:
124: If you press <RReettuurrnn> while a file is highlighted instead of a directory,
125: vvsshh does the following:
126:
127: 11. If the file is executable, vvsshh executes it.
128:
129: 22. If the file matches a pattern from the file-action list, vvsshh executes
130: the action from the list with the file as input. The file-action list
131: is in file $HHOOMMEE/.uuddtt; it looks like:
132:
133: [Mm]akefile:make
134: *.Z:zcat %F
135:
136: vvsshh recognizes most common wildcard characters; for a table of these and
137: their meaning, see the Lexicon entries for wwiillddccaarrddss. The token %FF
138: stands for the file that is currently highlighted. For example, in the
139: above example the entry *.ZZ:zzccaatt %FF means that if you select a file with
140: the suffix .ZZ (which usually means that a file has been compressed), it
141: passes that file to zzccaatt to uncompress and display it. vvsshh defines many
142: defaults for you when it creates this file, which you can use as a
143: model. To change the file-action list, you must use a text editor to
144: edit file $HHOOMMEE/.uuddtt.
145:
146: 33. If the file appears to be ASCII vvsshh displays it with the default viewer.
147:
148: While vvsshh is working, it displays a large letter `X' in reverse video in
149: the lower left corner of the screen. This shows that vvsshh is doing some
150: internal task. vvsshh cannot accept any commands while the `X' is displayed,
151: so please be patient.
152:
153: Also, note that vvsshh cannot handle more than 1,000 files in any given
154: directory. If a directory contains more than 1,000 files, only the first
155: thousand will be available for use.
156:
157: _S_y_s_t_e_m _W_i_n_d_o_w
158: The system window is the upper of the two windows on the left side of the
159: screen. The cursor never enters this window; rather, this window simply
160: displays information about your COHERENT system, and how you are currently
161: using it. It contains the following entries:
162:
163: System:
164: Line:
165: Login:
166: UID:
167: GID:
168: Date:
169: Time:
170:
171: The following discusses each entry in detail:
172:
173: SSyysstteemm:
174: This gives the name of your system, as you (or your COHERENT system
175: administrator) has set it in file /eettcc/uuuuccppnnaammee. See the Lexicon's
176: entry for uuuuccppnnaammee for more details on proper naming conventions for
177: COHERENT systems.
178:
179: LLiinnee:
180: This gives the device by which you are accessing your COHERENT system.
181: If you are working on your system's console device, then you should
182: see ccoonnssoollee on this line; whereas if you are accessing your COHERENT
183: via a PC plugged into serial port ccoomm11ll, you should see ccoomm11ll here.
184: If you are using virtual consoles, the line is shown as mmoonnoo[00-88] or
185: ccoolloorr[00-88]. See the Lexicon entries for ccoonnssoollee and ccoomm for more
186: information about the devices through which you can access a COHERENT
187: system.
188:
189: LLooggiinn:
190: This gives the name under which you logged into COHERENT. For
191: example, if your login identifier is ffrreedd, then you should see ffrreedd on
192: this line.
193:
194: UUIIDD: This shows your user-identification number (or UID). This is the
195: unique number by which your COHERENT system knows you, as set in file
196: /eettcc/ppaasssswwdd. For information on the UID and how to set it, see the
197: Lexicon entries for ppaasssswwdd and sseettuuiidd.
198:
199: GGIIDD: This gives the number and name of the user group to which you belong.
200: Users on a COHERENT system can be organized into groups; permissions
201: on files can be set to include the members of your group, but exclude
202: all others. For information on groups, see the Lexicon entries for
203: ggrroouupp and sseettggiidd.
204:
205: DDaattee:
206: This gives today's date (or rather, what your COHERENT system thinks
207: today's date is).
208:
209: TTiimmee:
210: This gives what your system thinks the current time is. If your
211: system's time is not set correctly, then the time shown here will not
212: be correct. For information on how to set the system time, see the
213: Lexicon entries for the commands AATTcclloocckk and ddaattee.
214:
215: The time can also vary depending upon what time zone your COHERENT
216: system thinks it's located in. For information on timezones and how
217: to set them correctly, see the Lexicon entry for TTIIMMEEZZOONNEE.
218:
219: _C_o_m_m_a_n_d _W_i_n_d_o_w
220: The Command Window is the second window from the top, and stretches across
221: the width of the screen. This window gives you access to vvsshh's commands.
222: Some commands in the command window actually open an entire menu of
223: commands, with which you can perform all manner of work.
224:
225: The command window contains the following entries. Note that the following
226: displays the vertically for convenience; the actual window displays them
227: horizontally:
228:
229: FFile
230: DDirectory
231: OOptions
232: IInstall
233: CCommand
234: RRefresh
235: EExit
236: HHelp
237:
238: When the cursor is in the File Window (which is the default) and you wish
239: to execute one of the commands in the Command Window, press its initial
240: letter. For example, to execute the RReeffrreesshh command, press RR.
241:
242: Note that the commands on this window are in two groups. A command's
243: behavior differs, depending upon which group it belongs to.
244:
245: The commands FFiillee, DDiirreeccttoorryy, OOppttiioonnss, and IInnssttaallll display a drop-down menu
246: when you invoke it. That is because they have more than one option
247: available under it. If you do not wish to invoke any of the sub-commands
248: on that menu, you can do either of the following: You can press the <EEsscc>
249: key, which erases the drop down-menu and returns you to the File Window; or
250: you can press the <- or -> keys, which move you to the command in this
251: group that lies, respectively, to the left or to the right of the current
252: command. For example, suppose that you were in the File Window, and you
253: pressed FF, to invoke the FFiillee command. vvsshh would move the cursor into the
254: Command Window, and display the File Command's drop-down window, which
255: displays its sub-commands. If you then pressed the <EEsscc> key, vvsshh would
256: return you to the File Window. If you pressed the -> key, vvsshh would erase
257: the FFiillee command's drop-down window and display, instead, the drop-down
258: window for the DDiirreeccttoorryy command. If, however, you pressed the <- key, vvsshh
259: would erase the FFiillee command's drop-down window and display, instead, the
260: drop-down window for the HHeellpp command. As you can see, vvsshh ``wraps-
261: around'' the cursor -- it considers the command at the far right to be to
262: the left of the command to the far left left, and vice versa. This concept
263: is a little difficult to grasp when you read about it, but once you try it,
264: it will quickly become clear.
265:
266: The other group of commands are the commands CCoommmmaanndd, RReeffrreesshh, EExxiitt, and
267: HHeellpp each have only option, so when you invoke one of them, it immediately
268: begins to execute that option. When you access one of these commands
269: through the -> and <- keys, each displays a drop-down menu that shows its
270: one option.
271:
272: The following describes each command in detail.
273:
274: FFiillee Pressing FF invokes the FFiillee command. This displays a drop-down menu
275: that lists a set of sub-commands. These sub-commands let you
276: manipulate files; with them, you can edit a file, create a file,
277: change its permissions, rename it, erase it, print it, or do other
278: common tasks.
279:
280: To invoke a sub-command, you can do either of the following: Press the
281: letter in the sub-command that is underlined (each sub-command has its
282: own unique letter with which you can invoke it); or use the |^ and |v
283: keys to move the highlighting bar to that command, and then press
284: <EEnntteerr>.
285:
286: The following discusses each sub-command in detail:
287:
288: CCooppyy This sub-command lets you make a copy of a file. It opens a pop-
289: up window that shows the old file name and requests a new name;
290: it then copies the old file into the new one that you name. If
291: you type the name of an existing file, vvsshh prompts you before it
292: overwrites that file. It repeats this procedure for every tagged
293: file.
294:
295: Note that this command will not overwrite a file that you do not
296: own; nor will it create a new file in a directory in which you do
297: not have write permission, or copy a file on which you do not
298: have read permission. For more information on copying files
299: under COHERENT, see the Lexicon entry for the command ccpp.
300:
301: MMoovvee This sub-command prompts you for the name of a directory, then
302: moves all tagged files into it. (If no files are tagged, then it
303: moves only the highlighted file. For more information on
304: tagging, see the entry for the sub-command TTaagg, below.) The files
305: retain their names in the new directory.
306:
307: Note that this command will not copy a file for which you do not
308: have read permission, or copy a file into a directory into which
309: you do not have write permission; nor will it copy a file into a
310: non-existent directory (of course). For details on moving files,
311: see the Lexicon entry for the command mmvv.
312:
313: DDeelleettee
314: This sub-command deletes the tagged files. (If no files are
315: tagged, then it deletes only the highlighted file. For more
316: information on tagging, see the entry for the sub-command TTaagg,
317: below.) It will prompt you to confirm that you really do want to
318: delete the file or files in question. With regard to the mass
319: deletion of tagged files, this sub-command lets you choose
320: whether to do a mass deletion or delete files one at a time.
321:
322: Note that this sub-command will not delete a file that you do not
323: own. For details on deleting files, see the Lexicon entry for
324: the command rrmm.
325:
326: RReennaammee
327: This sub-command lets you rename the highlighted file. It opens
328: a pop-up window that shows the current name of the file, and
329: prompts you to type the new name. Press <EEsscc> to abort this sub-
330: command, or type the new name and press <EEnntteerr>.
331:
332: It does not work with directories. It will not let you rename a
333: file that you do not own. For details on renaming a file, see
334: the Lexicon entry for the command mmvv.
335:
336: EExxeeccuuttee
337: This sub-command executes the highlighted file. vvsshh prompts you
338: to type the arguments you wish to pass this file, then invokes
339: the file with those arguments.
340:
341: Note that vvsshh will not execute a file for which you do not have
342: execute permission.
343:
344: AAcccceessss
345: This sub-command lets you change the manner in which every tagged
346: file can be accessed. (If no files are tagged, the default is
347: the highlighted file.) When you invoke it, vvsshh displays the
348: following pop-up window for each tagged file:
349:
350: Change access f file _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
351:
352: Owner
353: Read [x] Write[x] Execute[ ]
354:
355: Group
356: Read [x] Write[ ] Execute[ ]
357:
358: World
359: Read [x] Write[ ] Execute[ ]
360:
361: Special
362: Set UID [ ] Set GID [ ] Set sticky[ ]
363:
364:
365: An `x' in a field means that that permission is turned on; a
366: blank means that it is turned off. Use the arrow keys to move to
367: the cursor the field whose status you wish to change, then enter
368: a space or `x' to, respectively, turn off or turn on that given
369: permission. To abort this command, press <EEsscc>.
370:
371: For information what permission fields mean, see the Lexicon
372: entry for llss. Note that you can reset permissions only on the
373: files you own.
374:
375: OOwwnneerr
376: This lets you change the owner and group that owns each tagged
377: file. If no files are tagged, then this applies only to the
378: highlighted file. When you invoke this sub-command, vvsshh opens a
379: pop-up window that shows the user and group that own a file: type
380: the name of the user or group you want to own the file. vvsshh
381: repeats this step for each tagged file. To abort this command,
382: press <EEsscc>.
383:
384: For details on changing ownership of a file, see the Lexicon
385: entries for the command cchhoowwnn and cchhggrrpp. Note that only the
386: superuser rroooott can run this command.
387:
388: PPrriinntt
389: This passes every tagged file to the print spooler for printing.
390: To change the default print spooler, use the IInnssttaallll command's
391: PPrriinntt ssppoooolleerr sub-command.
392:
393: Note that vvsshh does not apply a filter to a file; for example, if
394: you try to use this feature of vvsshh to print a file on a
395: PostScript printer, the printer will hang. We suggest that you
396: use the command CCoommmmaanndd to print a file on a specialized printer.
397: It's a little more difficult, but it works.
398:
399: VViieeww This sub-command invokes the default viewer to display the
400: contents of every tagged file. If you try to view the contents
401: of a binary file, the results may not be what you expect.
402:
403: Note that vvsshh will not display a file for which you do not have
404: read permission. To change the default viewer, use the IInnssttaallll
405: command's FFiillee vviieewweerr sub-command.
406:
407: EEddiitt This sub-command invokes the text editor to edit every tagged
408: file. If no files are tagged, then edit only the highlighted
409: file.
410:
411: The default text editor is vvii, which can create problems for
412: persons who do not know how to exit from that editor. For a
413: quick brush-up on vvii, see the Lexicon entry for eellvviiss. To change
414: the default text editor, use the IInnssttaallll command's EEddiittoorr sub-
415: command. Note that COHERENT will not let you edit a file for
416: which you do not have read permission.
417:
418: EEddiitt nneeww
419: This sub-command prompts you to type the name of a file, then
420: invokes the editor for that file. This can be a new file (that
421: is, one that does not yet exist in the current directory), or a
422: file that already exists.
423:
424: Note that if you do try to edit a binary file, you may find
425: yourself running into difficulties.
426:
427: TToouucchh
428: This ``touches'' every tagged file -- that is, it changes the
429: date and time that the file was last modified, just the same as
430: if you had just edited it.
431:
432: Note that you cannot touch a file for which you do not have write
433: permission. For more information on touching files, see the
434: Lexicon entry for the command ttoouucchh.
435:
436: TTaagg aallll
437: This sub-command ``tags'' every file in the current directory.
438: This lets you do mass moves or deletions of files. When you tag
439: a file, vvsshh updates the entries FFiilleess ttaaggggeedd and FFiillee ssiizzee ttaa. in
440: the Status Window, to reflect the number and total size of the
441: files you have just tagged. It also prints an asterisk next to
442: the tagged file.
443:
444: When the cursor is in the File Window, you can toggle tagging on
445: the highlighted file by pressing the space bar. Note that the
446: highlighted file is implicitly tagged, whether an as asterisk
447: appears next to it or not. For details, see the section on the
448: Status Window, below.
449:
450: UUnnttaagg aallll
451: This sub-command untags all files that are tagged in the current
452: directory. As noted above, you can toggle the tagging of the
453: highlighted file by pressing the space bar. This command updates
454: the Status Window to reflect your changes.
455:
456: FFiillee ttyyppee
457: This command prints a summary of information about the type of
458: the highlighted file.
459:
460: FFiillee iinnffoo
461: This sub-command opens a pop-up window that displays the
462: following information about the highlighted file or directory:
463:
464: Filename
465: Filetype
466: I-Node
467: Links
468: Owner UID
469: Owner GID
470: access
471: modification
472: status changed
473:
474: _F_i_l_e_n_a_m_e is the name of the file. _F_i_l_e_t_y_p_e is its type, e.g.,
475: directory or regular file. _I-_N_o_d_e gives the number of this
476: file's i-node; for information on what an i-node is, see its
477: entry in the Lexicon. _L_i_n_k_s gives the number of links to the
478: file. For information on what a link is, see the Lexicon entries
479: for llnn and lliinnkk(). _O_w_n_e_r _U_I_D and _O_w_n_e_r _G_I_D identify the owner and
480: group that own this file. For information on what the UID and
481: GID are, see the Lexicon entries for sseettuuiidd and sseettggiidd. _a_c_c_e_s_s,
482: _m_o_d_i_f_i_c_a_t_i_o_n, and _s_t_a_t_u_s _c_h_a_n_g_e_d give, respectively, the date and
483: time the file was last accessed, last modified, or last had its
484: status changed.
485:
486: DDiirreeccttoorryy
487: Pressing DD invokes the DDiirreeccttoorryy command. This displays a drop-down
488: menu that lists a set of sub-commands. These sub-commands let you
489: manipulate directories; with them, you can create a directory, remove
490: a directory, change permissions, and other common tasks. You can also
491: manipulate a ``directory stack,'' which lets you jump quickly from one
492: directory to another without having to retype its name.
493:
494: The following discusses each sub-command in detail:
495:
496: CChhaannggee
497: This lets you change the current directory. When you invoke this
498: subcommand, vvsshh displays the following pop-up window:
499:
500:
501: Enter destination path
502:
503:
504: Type the full path name of the directory you wish to enter. If
505: this directory does not exist, or if you cannot access it, vvsshh
506: leaves you in the current directory; otherwise, it moves you to
507: the requested directory.
508:
509: HHoommee This moves you to your home directory.
510:
511: UUsseerr'ss HHoommee
512: This moves you to the home directory of another user. When you
513: invoke this sub-command, vvsshh asks you to name the user whose home
514: directory you wish to enter. To abort, press <EEsscc>. If the user
515: you enter does not exist or if you do not have permission to read
516: her home directory, vvsshh leaves you in the current directory;
517: otherwise, vvsshh moves you into that user's home directory.
518:
519: PPuusshh The next three sub-commands makes it easy for you to maneuver
520: your way around the COHERENT file system. The work by using what
521: is called a ``directory stack''. In effect, you can tell vvsshh to
522: remember the directory you are in (this is termed ``pushing'' the
523: directory onto the stack); then, when you have switched to
524: another directory, you can returned to this directory simply by
525: ``popping'' this pushed directory from the directory stack. This
526: lets you move around among directories without having to retype
527: them continually.
528:
529: The PPuusshh sub-command pushes the current directory onto the
530: directory stack. When you push a directory, vvsshh increments the
531: number next to the entry DDiirr. SSttaacckk in the Status Window. This
532: tells you how many directories you have pushed onto the directory
533: stack.
534:
535: PPoopp & ccdd
536: This sub-command moves you to the last directory you pushed onto
537: the directory stack. It also removes that directory from
538: directory stack. When you pop a directory from the directory
539: stack, vvsshh decrements the number next to the entry DDiirr. SSttaacckk in
540: the Status Window. This tells you how many directories remain on
541: the directory stack.
542:
543: Note that directories are popped in the order opposite from that
544: in which they were entered. For example, if you pushed directory
545: /uussrr/bbiinn/ssyyss onto the directory stack, then directory
546: /uussrr/lliibb/mmaaiill, then /bbiinn, invoking the PPoopp sub-command will
547: return you to directory /bbiinn, then to /uussrr/lliibb/mmaaiill, and finally
548: to directory /uussrr/iinncclluuddee/ssyyss.
549:
550: SSwwiittcchh
551: This command switches the current directory and the top entry in
552: the directory stack.
553:
554: CCooppyy This copy the highlighted directory plus all of its contents into
555: another directory whose name you type into a pop-up window. It
556: behaves much like the command ccppddiirr.
557:
558: DDeelleettee
559: This deletes the highlighted directory. It does not work with
560: files. If the directory has files in it, vvsshh will prompt you and
561: ask if you want the directory to vanish. If you answer `Y', then
562: vvsshh removes it, files and all -- just as if you had executed the
563: command rrmm -rrff.
564:
565: vvsshh will not delete a directory that you do not own.
566:
567: RReennaammee
568: This sub-command renames the highlighted directory. vvsshh opens a
569: pop-up window and prompts you to type the new name of the
570: directory. Press <EEsscc> to abort this sub-command. Note that you
571: can rename only directories that you own. This sub-command does
572: not work with files.
573:
574: CCrreeaattee
575: This sub-command creates a new directory in the current
576: directory. vvsshh prompts you for the name of the new directory,
577: and then creates it. Note that you can create a directory only
578: if you have write permission in the current directory.
579:
580: AAcccceessss
581: This lets you reset the access permission on the highlighted
582: directory. This is the directory equivalent of the FFiillee
583: command's AAcccceessss sub-command.
584:
585: OOwwnneerr
586: This lets you reset the user and group that own a given
587: directory. This is the directory equivalent of the FFiillee
588: command's OOwwnneerr sub-command. Note that only the superuser rroooott
589: can run this command.
590:
591: RReeaadd nneeww
592: This tells vvsshh to re-read the current directory. vvsshh copies the
593: contents of the current directory into memory for its own use;
594: thus, if other people manipulated the directory and its contents
595: after vvsshh read its contents, what you see in the File Window will
596: not reflect the true state of affairs in that directory. If you
597: are working with a directory that is being manipulated by one or
598: more other people, you should issue this command from time to
599: time, to ensure that you are working with an accurate image of
600: the directory's contents.
601:
602: IInnffoo This is the same as the FFiillee iinnffoo sub-command under the FFiillee
603: command, described above.
604:
605: OOppttiioonnss
606: Pressing OO invokes the OOppttiioonnss command. Its sub-commands let you
607: perform common system tasks The following discusses each sub-command
608: in detail:
609:
610: SShheellll
611: This command invokes an interactive shell. When you exit from
612: the shell (either by typing eexxiitt or <ccttrrll-DD>), you will be
613: returned to vvsshh.
614:
615: By default, vvsshh invokes the Bourne shell sshh; to change the
616: default shell, use the SShheellll sub-command under the IInnssttaallll
617: command, which is described below.
618:
619: LLoocckk tteerrmmiinnaall
620: This command locks your terminal. When the terminal is locked,
621: no command can entered into it; this lets you walk away from your
622: terminal briefly without worrying whether anyone (e.g., your cat)
623: will do anything untoward under your login. The terminal remains
624: locked until you retype the secret password that you entered when
625: you invoked this sub-command
626:
627: When you invoke this sub-command, a pop-up window appears with
628: the following:
629:
630: Lock Enter Password
631:
632: vvsshh prints a `#' to echo each character that you type. If you
633: wish to abort the LLoocckk sub-command, press <EEsscc>. When you have
634: finished entering your password, press <EEnntteerr>. When you have
635: entered the password, the following window appears:
636:
637: This Terminal is locked!
638:
639: Enter Password to unlock
640: or hit return to logoff
641:
642: Type the password to return to vvsshh. If you (or someone else)
643: presses <EEnntteerr>, you will be logged out of COHERENT.
644:
645: MMeessssaaggeess
646: This sub-command lets you receive or ignore messages. A message
647: can be sent to your terminal by another user or another process;
648: for example, the mmaaiill command may send a prompt to your screen
649: when new mail is received.
650:
651: When you invoke this sub-command, vvsshh displays the following pop-
652: up window:
653:
654:
655: Do you want to receive messages ?
656:
657: Yes No
658:
659:
660: Use the -> and <- keys to select the option you want, then press
661: <EEnntteerr>. When you change your message status, the information in
662: the Status Window changes. For example, when you turn off
663: messaging, the following appears at the bottom of the Status
664: Window:
665:
666: You can't get messages
667:
668: For information on how COHERENT sends messages to your terminal,
669: see the Lexicon entry for mmeessgg. Also, see the description of the
670: Status Window, below.
671:
672: OOnnlliinnee mmaannuuaall
673: This lets you select an entry from the COHERENT system's on-line
674: manual pages. When you invoke this sub-command, vvsshh displays the
675: following pop-up window:
676:
677: Enter topic, chapter is optional :
678:
679: Topic:
680:
681: Chapter:
682:
683: Type the title of the Lexicon entry that interests you; for
684: example, to see the Lexicon entry for the command vvsshh, enter vvsshh
685: in the TTooppiicc slot, then type <EEnntteerr>. Do not enter anything into
686: the CChhaapptteerr slot; this does not apply to the COHERENT system.
687: You will see on your screen the Lexicon entry that you are now
688: reading. If you change your mind, press <EEsscc> to abort this
689: command.
690:
691: Note that if you did not install or uncompress the manual pages
692: when you installed your COHERENT system, this sub-command will
693: not work. For more information on the COHERENT manual pages, see
694: the Lexicon entries for the commands hheellpp and mmaann.
695:
696: IInnssttaallll
697: Pressing II invokes the IInnssttaallll command. Its sub-commands let you
698: modify some of vvsshh's default behaviors; in particular, it lets you
699: program your function keys to execute some tasks you select with one
700: keystroke. The following discusses each sub-command in detail:
701:
702: DDiissppllaayy
703: This command lets you customize appearance of vvsshh. When you
704: invoke this sub-command, vvsshh displays the following pop-up
705: window:
706:
707: Display Attributes
708:
709: Menubar
710: Menu color
711: Menu attribute
712: Dialog box
713:
714: The entry MMeennuubbaarr lets you select the display attribute for the
715: menu bar, which can be one of bboolldd, uunnddeerrlliinnee, or rreevveerrssee.
716:
717: The entry MMeennuu ccoolloorr lets you set the menu color, which can be
718: either nnoorrmmaall or rreevveerrssee. (This may vary, depending on the type
719: of terminal you are using.)
720:
721: The entry MMeennuu aattttrriibbuuttee lets you set the display attribute for
722: pulldown menus, which can be one of bboolldd, uunnddeerrlliinnee, bboolldd, or
723: nnoorrmmaall.
724:
725: Finally, the entry DDiiaalloogg bbooxx lets you set the display attribute
726: for dialogue boxes, which can be one of bboolldd, uunnddeerrlliinnee, or bbootthh.
727:
728: The best way to see what these commands do is to try them out.
729: As mentioned above, the behavior may change from device to
730: device, depending upon the type of terminal that you are using.
731:
732: FFuunnccttiioonn kkeeyyss
733: This lets you ``program'' up to nine function keys, so you can
734: invoke selected commands easily. Each user can have her own list
735: of programmed function keys.
736:
737: When you invoke this sub-command, vvsshh displays the following
738: drop-down menu:
739:
740: Function keys
741:
742: Function key 1
743: Function key 2
744: ...
745: Function key 9
746:
747: Press 1 through 9 to program the corresponding function key (or
748: use the |^ and |v keys to move then highlighting bar, then press
749: <EEnntteerr>). vvsshh asks you to enter the label for the function key
750: and the command you want that function key to invoke. When you
751: have finished, the new label will appear in the corresponding
752: function-key tag at the bottom of the screen; and when you press
753: that function key, vvsshh executes the corresponding command.
754:
755: For example, to make the game cchhaassee one of your function key
756: entries, do the following: First, press II to invoke the IInnssttaallll
757: command. The press kk to invoke the FFuunnccttiioonn kkeeyyss sub-command.
758: When the function-keys drop-down menu appears, press 22, for
759: function-key FF22. When the label pop-window appears, type cchhaassee
760: into the first slot, which holds the label Press <TTaabb> to jump to
761: the second slot, which holds the command to execute, then type
762: /uussrr/ggaammeess/cchhaassee. When you have done typing, press <EEnntteerr>.
763:
764: As you can see, the FF22 stub at the bottom of the screen shows
765: cchhaassee; and when you press FF22, vvsshh launches you into cchhaassee. You
766: can program the first nine function keys to work in the same way.
767:
768: You can embed the token %FF as a placeholder for the current file.
769: For example, to count the number of lines in the current file,
770: put the following command into a function-key definition:
771:
772: wc -l %F
773:
774: Because some computers still do not have function keys (e.g., the
775: NeXT machine), you can also use the number keys to execute
776: commands installed on the function keys.
777:
778: By the way, for information on the highly amusing game cchhaassee, see
779: its entry in the Lexicon.
780:
781: SShheellll
782: This sub-command lets you set the default shell that vvsshh runs
783: when you invoke its SShheellll command. When you invoke this sub-
784: command, vvsshh displays the following pop-up menu:
785:
786: Enter command to run a shell
787: (Coherent default is '/bin/sh')
788:
789: /bin/sh
790:
791: Type the shell that you want, either /bbiinn/sshh or /bbiinn/kksshh, and
792: press <EEnntteerr>. (You can enter another program if you like, but
793: you may get some strange results if you do.) For information on
794: each shell, see its entry in the Lexicon.
795:
796: EEddiittoorr
797: This lets you set the editor that vvsshh invokes when you select the
798: EEddiitt sub-command under the FFiillee command. When you invoke the
799: EEddiittoorr sub-command, vvsshh displays the following pop-up window:
800:
801: Enter command to run an editor
802: (Coherent default is 'vi')
803:
804: vi
805:
806: Type the editor that you want, one of eedd, mmee, or vvii; then press
807: <EEnntteerr>. For information on each editor, see its entry in the
808: Lexicon.
809:
810: PPrriinntt ssppoooolleerr
811: This lets you set the spooler that vvsshh invokes when you select
812: the PPrriinntt sub-command under the FFiillee command. When you invoke
813: the PPrriinntt ssppoooolleerr sub-command, vvsshh displays the following pop-up
814: window:
815:
816: Enter command to run a print-spooler
817: (Coherent default is 'lpr -B')
818:
819: lpr -B
820:
821: Enter the spooler that you want. For more information on the
822: spooling commands available under COHERENT, see the Lexicon entry
823: pprriinntteerr.
824:
825: Beginning with release 2.7 of vvsshh, this feature works with pipes.
826: vvsshh understands that the token %FF represents the current file.
827: For example, if you have a PostScript printer, you will want
828: every file to be processed by the command pprrppss before you print
829: it. Thus, enter the command:
830:
831: prps %F | hpr -B
832:
833: This tells vvsshh to filter each file through pprrppss and pipe the
834: output to the laser-printer spooler hhpprr.
835:
836: Some of this functionality may not be necessary under COHERENT
837: release 4.1, which implements the System-V llpp print spooler. See
838: the Lexicon article pprriinntteerr for details.
839:
840: FFiillee vviieewweerr
841: This lets you set the viewer that vvsshh invokes when you select the
842: VViieeww sub-command under the FFiillee command. When you invoke the
843: FFiillee vviieewweerr sub-command, vvsshh displays the following pop-up
844: window:
845:
846: Enter command to run a file view utility
847: (Coherent default is 'more')
848:
849: more
850:
851: Enter one of mmoorree or ssccaatt. For information on how these commands
852: differ, see their entries in the Lexicon.
853:
854: CCoommmmaanndd
855: The command CCoommmmaanndd lets you send a command directly to a COHERENT
856: shell. This lets you invoke commands that ordinarily are not
857: available through vvsshh.
858:
859: Suppose, for example, that you decided you wanted to play a session of the
860: game tteettrriiss, and that you have not yet programmed tteettrriiss as one of your
861: function keys. Press CC to invoke CCoommmmaanndd. vvsshh moves the cursor moves to
862: the bottom of the screen, and erases the row of boxes that describe the
863: function keys. You can now type the command you want, in this case
864: /uussrr/ggaammeess/tteettrriiss. To run the command, press <EEnntteerr>; to abort entering a
865: command and return to vvsshh, type <EEsscc>.
866:
867: When you press <EEnntteerr>, vvsshh runs the command you typed. When you have
868: finished playing tteettrriiss and have exited from it, vvsshh clears the screen and
869: displays the message:
870:
871: Hit any key to continue ...
872:
873: When you press a key, vvsshh redraws itself on your screen and returns the
874: cursor to the File Window.
875:
876: (By the way, the COHERENT version of tteettrriiss is available as part of COHware
877: volumes 2 and 3. For information on obtaining COHware, see the release
878: notes that came with your copy of COHERENT.)
879:
880: CCoommmmaanndd also remembers the last 40 commands that you have issued. To
881: invoke a command that you previous issued through CCoommmmaanndd, press the |^ key.
882: The last command you issued will appear in the command slot. If you
883: continue to press the |^ key, others commands appear, in reverse order from
884: when you issued them. If you overshoot the command that you want to re-
885: run, press the |v key to walk back down the list of previously issued
886: commands. When you find the previously issued command that you wish to
887: rerun, just press <EEnntteerr> and vvsshh runs it again.
888:
889: Pressing <HHoommee> moves to the first command in the command list -- that is,
890: the command you issued first. Pressing <EEnndd> moves to the last command in
891: the list -- that is, the command you issued most recently. You can also
892: edit a previously issued command. The following gives lists the available
893: editing commands:
894:
895: <- Move the cursor one character to the left
896: -> Move the cursor one character to the right
897: <ddeell> Delete the character to the left
898: <bbaacckkssppaaccee>Delete the character to the left
899: <ccttrrll-DD> Delete the character over the cursor
900: <ccttrrll-PP> Go to last character of the command
901: <ccttrrll-NN> Go to first character of the command
902:
903: Finally, if you embed the token %FF in a command, vvsshh substitutes the
904: currently highlighted file for it.
905:
906: RReeffrreesshh
907: The command RReeffrreesshh redraws the screen. It does no other work. This
908: is helpful if your screen has become jumbled or scrambled for any
909: reason -- such as a message being written onto your screen by another
910: user.
911:
912: To invoke this command, type RR. vvsshh pauses very briefly, then the screen
913: flickers as vvsshh redraws. If the screen had been confused for any reason,
914: invoking this command should restore to its proper state.
915:
916: EExxiitt The command EExxiitt exits you from vvsshh. To exit from vvsshh, press EE. In
917: response, vvsshh pops the following window onto your screen:
918:
919: Do you really want to quit?
920:
921: Yes No
922:
923: The window is in reverse video, for emphasis. The option YYeess is
924: underlined, to show that it is the default choice. If you really do
925: wish to exit, press <EEnntteerr>; and vvsshh returns to the COHERENT shell.
926:
927: If you changed your mind, however, and do not wish to exit, press the ->
928: key to change the option; this will shift the underlining from option YYeess
929: to option NNoo. Pressing enter at this point selects the NNoo option; vvsshh in
930: response removes the pop-up window from the screen and returns you to the
931: File Window.
932:
933: If you change your mind again, though, and really do wish to exit, then
934: press the <- key. The underlining shifts back to the YYeess option; and when
935: you press <EEnntteerr> you exit from vvsshh and return to the shell.
936:
937: _S_t_a_t_u_s _W_i_n_d_o_w
938: The Status Window is the lower window on the right side of the screen. The
939: cursor never enters this window; rather, this window gives information
940: about how vvsshh is functioning, and in particular about the files that are
941: currently displayed in the File Window.
942:
943: The Status Window appears as follows:
944:
945: Files:
946: File size:
947: Files tagged:
948: File size ta.:
949: Dir. Stack:
950: Mail:
951: _m_a_i_l_b_o_x
952: You can get messages
953:
954: The following discusses each entry in detail.
955:
956: FFiilleess
957: This gives the number of files being shown in File Window. Note that
958: this is all files that can be scrolled through that window, _n_o_t the
959: files that are shown in that window at this moment.
960:
961: FFiillee ssiizzee
962: This gives the total size, in bytes, of all files available through in
963: the File Window.
964:
965: FFiilleess ttaaggggeedd
966: This gives the number of files that you have tagged. See the
967: description of the FFiillee command, above, for details.
968:
969: FFiillee ssiizzee ttaa.
970: This gives the total size of all tagged files. See the description of
971: the FFiillee command, above, for details.
972:
973: DDiirr. SSttaacckk
974: This gives the number of directories that currently reside on the
975: directory stack. As noted above, you can ``push'' directories onto
976: the directory stack or ``pop'' them from it. By doing so, you have an
977: easy way to jump about from one directory to another, without having
978: to type directory names repeatedly. See the above description of the
979: DDiirreeccttoorryy command for more details.
980:
981: You can have a maximum of ten directories on the stack.
982:
983: MMaaiill This line indicates whether you have mail waiting to be read. If you
984: don't, this line will say
985:
986: None
987:
988: whereas if you do, the line will say
989:
990: Avail
991:
992: and flash at you. If new mail arrives, vvsshh flashes
993:
994: New
995:
996: in that slot.
997:
998: _m_a_i_l_b_o_x
999: This line gives the name of your mailbox -- that is, the file that
1000: mmaaiill reads.
1001:
1002: _m_e_s_s_a_g_e_s
1003: This indicates whether your terminal can receive messages -- e.g.,
1004: whether a message will pop up on your screen if someone wishes to
1005: communicate with you via the wwrriittee command. For more information on
1006: how to change the message status of your terminal, see the Lexicon
1007: entry for the command mmeessgg.
1008:
1009: _F_u_n_c_t_i_o_n _K_e_y_s
1010: The bottom of the screen show nine small boxes in reverse video. These are
1011: labelled FF11 through FF99. If you have defined the key using the FFuunnccttiioonn KKeeyy
1012: command, vvsshh displays the box the tag that you gave that key.
1013:
1014: For example, in our above example we set key FF11 to run the command ppss -aa,
1015: and gave it the tag ppss. At the bottom of the screen, the box labelled FF11
1016: should show ppss.
1017:
1018: For more details, see the description of the FFuunnccttiioonn KKeeyy command, above.
1019:
1020: _C_o_n_f_i_g_u_r_a_t_i_o_n _F_i_l_e
1021: vvsshh reads the file $HHOOMMEE/.uuddtt to configure itself. If you wish, you can
1022: use a text editor to edit this file, and so modify the behavior of vvsshh.
1023:
1024: A typical .uuddtt file reads as follows:
1025:
1026: cwd=/v/fwb
1027: shell=/bin/ksh
1028: editor=me
1029: print-spooler=hpr -B
1030: view=more
1031: make=make
1032: me-disp-attr=reverse
1033: pd-disp-color=normal
1034: pd-disp-attr=bold
1035: se-disp-attr=underline
1036: pfkey1= mail mail
1037: pfkey9=tetris /usr/games/tetris
1038: cmd=
1039: tetris
1040: tetris
1041: echo foo
1042:
1043: ccwwdd points to the current working directory, that is, the directory in
1044: which you have last worked with vvsshh. vvsshh returns you to that directory when
1045: you next invoke the shell.
1046:
1047: sshheellll, eeddiittoorr, pprriinntt-ssppoooolleerr, vviieeww, and mmaakkee give, respectively, the shell,
1048: editor, print-spooler, viewer, and make utility that you selected with the
1049: IInnssttaallll command. If you change one of these values, the behavior of vvsshh
1050: changes to reflect the change. For example, if you change the line
1051:
1052: editor=me
1053:
1054: to
1055:
1056: editor=ed
1057:
1058: then vvsshh will invoke eedd the next time you request the FFiillee command' EEddiitt
1059: sub-command.
1060:
1061: mmee-ddiisspp-aattttrr, ppdd-ddiisspp-ccoolloorr, ppdd-ddiisspp-aattttrr, and ssee-ddiisspp-aattttrr give the
1062: display features for, respectively, the menu bar, the menu color, the menu
1063: attribute, and the dialogue box.
1064:
1065: The lines ppffkkeeyy11 through ppffkkeeyy99 set the behavior of the function keys. The
1066: first seven characters after the equal sign `=' give the text that appears
1067: in stub at the bottom of the screen. Everything after the first seven
1068: characters describes the command to be executed when you press that
1069: function key.
1070:
1071: The text that follows the line ccmmdd= lists the commands that you have
1072: executed with the command CCoommmmaanndd.
1073:
1074: _C_o_m_m_a_n_d-_l_i_n_e _O_p_t_i_o_n_s
1075: vvsshh recognizes the following options:
1076:
1077: -dd Enter vvsshh and begin in the current directory. Normally, vvsshh begins in
1078: the last directory used in your last vvsshh session.
1079:
1080: -ee Do not use the graphic character set. This option coarsens the
1081: appearance of vvsshh, but gives it a fighting chance to run on cheap
1082: terminals that do not implement the full alternate character set of the
1083: DEC VT-100 terminal.
1084:
1085: -ii Restrict the user's ability to run the IInnssttaallll command. In this mode,
1086: vvsshh can be used as a restricted shell, especially if it is embedded in
1087: /eettcc/ppaasssswwdd.
1088:
1089: -rr Restrict the shell. This option turns off the following:
1090:
1091: -> The command CCoommmmaanndd
1092: -> No interactive shell can be called from the OOppttiioonnss menu
1093: -> Most options from the DDiirreeccttoorryy menu
1094: -> Most options from the IInnssttaallll menu
1095:
1096: This lets the system administrator restrict the activity of users fairly
1097: strongly.
1098:
1099: -tt This command-line option tells vvsshh to assume the entire VT-100 mapping.
1100: This is useful with terminals whose system definitions are incomplete,
1101: or the alternate character set is ignored.
1102:
1103: _F_i_l_e_s
1104: $HHOOMMEE/.uuddtt -- Configuration file
1105:
1106: _S_e_e _A_l_s_o
1107: ccoommmmaannddss, kksshh, sshh, tteerrmmiinnffoo, ttttyyttyyppee
1108:
1109: _N_o_t_e_s
1110: vvsshh was written by Udo Munk.
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