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Annotation of lucent/sys/man/1/dc, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH DC 1
        !             2: .SH NAME
        !             3: dc \- desk calculator
        !             4: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             5: .B dc
        !             6: [
        !             7: .I file
        !             8: ]
        !             9: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            10: .I Dc
        !            11: is an arbitrary precision desk calculator.
        !            12: Ordinarily it operates on decimal integers,
        !            13: but one may specify an input base, output base,
        !            14: and a number of fractional digits to be maintained.
        !            15: The overall structure of
        !            16: .I dc
        !            17: is
        !            18: a stacking (reverse Polish) calculator.
        !            19: If an argument is given,
        !            20: input is taken from that file until its end,
        !            21: then from the standard input.
        !            22: The following constructions are recognized:
        !            23: .TP
        !            24: number
        !            25: The value of the number is pushed on the stack.
        !            26: A number is an unbroken string of the digits 
        !            27: .B 0-9A-F 
        !            28: or
        !            29: .BR 0-9a-f .
        !            30: A hexadecimal number beginning with a lower case
        !            31: letter must be preceded by a zero to distinguish it
        !            32: from the command associated with the letter.
        !            33: It may be preceded by an underscore
        !            34: .B _
        !            35: to input a
        !            36: negative number.
        !            37: Numbers may contain decimal points.
        !            38: .TP
        !            39: .L
        !            40: +  - /  *  %  ^
        !            41: Add
        !            42: .LR + ,
        !            43: subtract
        !            44: .LR - ,
        !            45: multiply
        !            46: .LR * ,
        !            47: divide
        !            48: .LR / ,
        !            49: remainder
        !            50: .LR % ,
        !            51: or exponentiate
        !            52: .L ^
        !            53: the top two values on the stack.
        !            54: The two entries are popped off the stack;
        !            55: the result is pushed on the stack in their place.
        !            56: Any fractional part of an exponent is ignored.
        !            57: .TP
        !            58: .BI s x
        !            59: .br
        !            60: .ns
        !            61: .TP
        !            62: .BI S x
        !            63: Pop the top of the stack and store into
        !            64: a register named
        !            65: .IR x ,
        !            66: where
        !            67: .I x
        !            68: may be any character.
        !            69: Under operation
        !            70: .B S
        !            71: register
        !            72: .I x
        !            73: is treated as a stack and the value is pushed on it.
        !            74: .TP
        !            75: .BI l x
        !            76: .br
        !            77: .ns
        !            78: .TP
        !            79: .BI L x
        !            80: Push the value in register
        !            81: .I x
        !            82: onto the stack.
        !            83: The register
        !            84: .I x
        !            85: is not altered.
        !            86: All registers start with zero value.
        !            87: Under operation
        !            88: .B L
        !            89: register
        !            90: .I x
        !            91: is treated as a stack and its top value is popped onto the main stack.
        !            92: .TP
        !            93: .B  d
        !            94: Duplicate the
        !            95: top value on the stack.
        !            96: .TP
        !            97: .B  p
        !            98: Print the top value on the stack.
        !            99: The top value remains unchanged.
        !           100: .B P
        !           101: interprets the top of the stack as an
        !           102: text
        !           103: string,
        !           104: removes it, and prints it.
        !           105: .TP
        !           106: .B  f
        !           107: Print the values on the stack.
        !           108: .TP
        !           109: .B  q
        !           110: .br
        !           111: .ns
        !           112: .TP
        !           113: .B Q
        !           114: Exit the program.
        !           115: If executing a string, the recursion level is
        !           116: popped by two.
        !           117: Under operation
        !           118: .B Q
        !           119: the top value on the stack is popped and the string execution level is popped
        !           120: by that value.
        !           121: .TP
        !           122: .B  x
        !           123: Treat the top element of the stack as a character string
        !           124: and execute it as a string of
        !           125: .I dc
        !           126: commands.
        !           127: .TP
        !           128: .B  X
        !           129: Replace the number on the top of the stack with its scale factor.
        !           130: .TP
        !           131: .B "[ ... ]"
        !           132: Put the bracketed
        !           133: text
        !           134: string on the top of the stack.
        !           135: .TP
        !           136: .PD0
        !           137: .BI < x
        !           138: .TP
        !           139: .BI > x
        !           140: .TP
        !           141: .BI = x
        !           142: .PD
        !           143: Pop and compare the
        !           144: top two elements of the stack.
        !           145: Register
        !           146: .I x
        !           147: is executed if they obey the stated
        !           148: relation.
        !           149: .TP
        !           150: .B  v
        !           151: Replace the top element on the stack by its square root.
        !           152: Any existing fractional part of the argument is taken
        !           153: into account, but otherwise the scale factor is ignored.
        !           154: .TP
        !           155: .B  !
        !           156: Interpret the rest of the line as a shell command.
        !           157: .TP
        !           158: .B  c
        !           159: Clear the stack.
        !           160: .TP
        !           161: .B  i
        !           162: The top value on the stack is popped and used as the
        !           163: number base for further input.
        !           164: .TP
        !           165: .B I
        !           166: Push the input base on the top of the stack.
        !           167: .TP
        !           168: .B  o
        !           169: The top value on the stack is popped and used as the
        !           170: number base for further output.
        !           171: In bases larger than 10, each `digit' prints as a group of decimal digits.
        !           172: .TP
        !           173: .B O
        !           174: Push the output base on the top of the stack.
        !           175: .TP
        !           176: .B  k
        !           177: Pop the top of the stack, and use that value as
        !           178: a non-negative scale factor:
        !           179: the appropriate number of places
        !           180: are printed on output,
        !           181: and maintained during multiplication, division, and exponentiation.
        !           182: The interaction of scale factor,
        !           183: input base, and output base will be reasonable if all are changed
        !           184: together.
        !           185: .TP
        !           186: .B  z
        !           187: Push the stack level onto the stack.
        !           188: .TP
        !           189: .B  Z
        !           190: Replace the number on the top of the stack with its length.
        !           191: .TP
        !           192: .B  ?
        !           193: A line of input is taken from the input source (usually the terminal)
        !           194: and executed.
        !           195: .TP
        !           196: .B "; :"
        !           197: Used by 
        !           198: .I bc
        !           199: for array operations.
        !           200: .PP
        !           201: The scale factor set by
        !           202: .B k
        !           203: determines how many digits are kept to the right of
        !           204: the decimal point.
        !           205: If
        !           206: .I s
        !           207: is the current scale factor,
        !           208: .I sa
        !           209: is the scale of the first operand,
        !           210: .I sb
        !           211: is the scale of the second,
        !           212: and
        !           213: .I b
        !           214: is the (integer) second operand,
        !           215: results are truncated to the following scales.
        !           216: .IP
        !           217: .nf
        !           218: \fL+\fR,\fL-\fR        max(\fIsa,sb\fR)
        !           219: \fL*\fR        min(\fIsa\fR+\fIsb \fR, max\fR(\fIs,sa,sb\fR))
        !           220: \fL/\fI        s
        !           221: \fL%\fR        so that dividend = divisor*quotient + remainder; remainder has sign of dividend
        !           222: \fL^\fR        min(\fIsa\fR\(mu|\fIb\fR|, max(\fIs,sa\fR))
        !           223: \fLv\fR        max(\fIs,sa\fR)
        !           224: .fi
        !           225: .SH EXAMPLES
        !           226: .EX
        !           227: [la1+dsa*pla10>y]sy
        !           228: 0sa1
        !           229: lyx
        !           230: .EE
        !           231: .ns
        !           232: .IP
        !           233: Print the first ten values of
        !           234: .IR n !
        !           235: .SH SOURCE
        !           236: .B /sys/src/cmd/dc.c
        !           237: .SH "SEE ALSO"
        !           238: .IR bc (1),
        !           239: .IR hoc (1)
        !           240: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !           241: .I x
        !           242: .LR "is unimplemented" ,
        !           243: where
        !           244: .I x
        !           245: is an octal number: an internal error.
        !           246: .br
        !           247: `Out of headers'
        !           248: for too many numbers being kept around.
        !           249: .br
        !           250: `Nesting depth'
        !           251: for too many levels of nested execution.
        !           252: .SH BUGS
        !           253: When the input base exceeds 16,
        !           254: there is no notation for digits greater than
        !           255: .BR F .
        !           256: .PP
        !           257: Past its time.

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