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Annotation of lucent/sys/man/1/ls, revision 1.1.1.1

1.1       root        1: .TH LS 1
                      2: .SH NAME
                      3: ls, lc \- list contents of directory
                      4: .SH SYNOPSIS
                      5: .B ls
                      6: [
                      7: .B -dlnpqrstuF
                      8: ]
                      9: .I name ...
                     10: .PP
                     11: .B lc
                     12: [
                     13: .B -dlnqrstuF
                     14: ]
                     15: .I name ...
                     16: .SH DESCRIPTION
                     17: For each directory argument,
                     18: .I ls
                     19: lists the contents of the directory;
                     20: for each file argument,
                     21: .I ls
                     22: repeats its name and any other information requested.
                     23: When no argument is given, the current directory is listed.
                     24: By default, the output is sorted alphabetically by name.
                     25: .PP
                     26: .I Lc
                     27: is the same as
                     28: .IR ls ,
                     29: but sets the
                     30: .B -p
                     31: option and pipes the output through
                     32: .IR mc (1).
                     33: .PP
                     34: There are a number of options:
                     35: .TP
                     36: .B  -d
                     37: If argument is a directory, list it, not
                     38: its contents.
                     39: .TP
                     40: .B  -l
                     41: List in long format, giving mode (see below), file system type
                     42: (e.g., for devices, the
                     43: .B #
                     44: code letter that names it; see
                     45: .IR Intro (4)),
                     46: the instance or subdevice number, owner, group,
                     47: size in bytes, and time of last modification
                     48: for each file.
                     49: .TP
                     50: .B  -n
                     51: Don't sort the listing.
                     52: .TP
                     53: .B  -p
                     54: Print only the final path element of each file name.
                     55: .TP
                     56: .B  -q
                     57: List the
                     58: .I qid
                     59: (see
                     60: .IR stat (2))
                     61: of each file.
                     62: .TP
                     63: .B  -r
                     64: Reverse the order of sort.
                     65: .TP
                     66: .B  -s
                     67: Give size in Kbytes for each entry.
                     68: .TP
                     69: .B  -t
                     70: Sort by time modified (latest first) instead of
                     71: by name.
                     72: .TP
                     73: .B  -u
                     74: Under
                     75: .B -t
                     76: sort by time of last access;
                     77: under
                     78: .B -l
                     79: print time of last access.
                     80: .TP
                     81: .B  -F
                     82: Add the character
                     83: .B /
                     84: after all directory names
                     85: and the character
                     86: .B *
                     87: after all executable files.
                     88: .PP
                     89: The mode printed under the
                     90: .B -l
                     91: option contains 11 characters,
                     92: interpreted
                     93: as follows:
                     94: the first character is
                     95: .TP
                     96: .B  d
                     97: if the entry is a directory;
                     98: .PD 0
                     99: .TP
                    100: .B  a
                    101: if the entry is an append-only file;
                    102: .TP
                    103: .B  -
                    104: if the entry is a plain file.
                    105: .PD
                    106: .PP
                    107: The next letter is
                    108: .B l
                    109: if the file is exclusive access (one writer or reader at a time).
                    110: .PP
                    111: The last 9 characters are interpreted
                    112: as three sets of three bits each.
                    113: The first set refers to owner permissions;
                    114: the next to permissions to others in the same user-group;
                    115: and the last to all others.
                    116: Within each set the three characters indicate
                    117: permission respectively to read, to write, or to
                    118: execute the file as a program.
                    119: For a directory, `execute' permission is interpreted
                    120: to mean permission to search the directory
                    121: for a specified file.
                    122: The permissions are indicated as follows:
                    123: .TP 3
                    124: .B  r
                    125: if the file is readable;
                    126: .PD 0
                    127: .TP 3
                    128: .B  w
                    129: if the file is writable;
                    130: .TP 3
                    131: .B  x
                    132: if the file is executable;
                    133: .TP 3
                    134: .B  -
                    135: if none of the above permissions is granted.
                    136: .PD
                    137: .SH SOURCE
                    138: .B /sys/src/cmd/ls.c
                    139: .br
                    140: .B /rc/bin/lc
                    141: .SH SEE ALSO
                    142: .IR stat (2)
                    143: .IR mc (1)
                    144: 

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