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1.1 ! root 1: .TH IP 3 ! 2: .SH NAME ! 3: ip \- TCP, UDP, IL network protocols over IP ! 4: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 5: .nf ! 6: .B bind -a #Itcp /net ! 7: .B bind -a #Iudp /net ! 8: .B bind -a #Iil /net ! 9: ! 10: .B /net/tcp/clone ! 11: .BI /net/tcp/ n ! 12: .BI /net/tcp/ n /data ! 13: .BI /net/tcp/ n /ctl ! 14: .BI /net/tcp/ n /local ! 15: .BI /net/tcp/ n /remote ! 16: .BI /net/tcp/ n /status ! 17: .BI /net/tcp/ n /listen ! 18: \&... ! 19: .fi ! 20: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 21: The IP device provides the interface for several protocols that ! 22: run over IP on an Ethernet. ! 23: TCP and UDP provide the standard Internet ! 24: protocols for reliable stream and unreliable datagram ! 25: communication. ! 26: IL provides a reliable datagram service for communication ! 27: between Plan 9 machines. ! 28: IL is the protocol of choice for most Plan 9 services. ! 29: .PP ! 30: Each of the protocols is served by the IP device, which represents each ! 31: connection by a set of device files. ! 32: The top level directory of each protocol contains a ! 33: .B clone ! 34: file and subdirectories numbered from zero to the number of connections ! 35: configured for this protocol. ! 36: .PP ! 37: Opening the ! 38: .B clone ! 39: file reserves a connection. The file descriptor returned from the ! 40: .IR open (2) ! 41: will point to the control file, ! 42: .BR ctl , ! 43: of the newly allocated connection. Reading the ! 44: .B ctl ! 45: file returns a text ! 46: string representing the number of the ! 47: connection. Connections may be used either to listen for incoming calls ! 48: or to initiate calls to other machines. ! 49: .PP ! 50: A connection is controlled by writing text strings to the associated ! 51: .B ctl ! 52: file. After a connection has been established data may be read from ! 53: and written to the data file. ! 54: For the datagram services, IL and UDP, a ! 55: .B read ! 56: of less than the length of a datagram will cause ! 57: the entire datagram to be consumed. ! 58: Each write to the data file will send a single datagram on the network. ! 59: The TCP protocol provides a stream connection that does not preserve ! 60: .BR read / write ! 61: boundaries. ! 62: .PP ! 63: Prior to sending data, remote and local addresses must be set for the connection. ! 64: For outgoing calls the local port number will be allocated randomly if none is set. ! 65: Addresses are set by writing control messages to the ! 66: .B ctl ! 67: file of the connection. ! 68: The connection is not established until the data file is opened. ! 69: For IL and TCP the ! 70: process will block until the remote host has acknowledged the connection. ! 71: UDP opens always succeed. ! 72: .PP ! 73: The following control messages are supported: ! 74: .TP ! 75: .BI connect\ ipaddress ! port [!r] ! 76: Set the remote IP address and port number for the connection. ! 77: If the ! 78: .I r ! 79: flag ! 80: is supplied and no local address has been specified the system will allocate ! 81: a restricted port number (less than 1024) for the connection to allow communication ! 82: with Unix machines' ! 83: .B login ! 84: and ! 85: .B exec ! 86: services. ! 87: .TP ! 88: .B disconnect ! 89: (UDP only) ! 90: Clear the remote address of a UDP connection. ! 91: .TP ! 92: .BI announce\ X ! 93: .I X ! 94: is a decimal port number or ! 95: .LR * . ! 96: Set the local port ! 97: number to ! 98: .I X ! 99: and accept calls to ! 100: .IR X . ! 101: If ! 102: .I X ! 103: is ! 104: .LR * , ! 105: accept ! 106: calls for any port that no process has explicitly announced. ! 107: The local IP address cannot be set. ! 108: .B Announce ! 109: fails if the connection is already announced or connnected. ! 110: .TP ! 111: .BI bind\ X ! 112: .I X ! 113: is a decimal port number or ! 114: .LR * . ! 115: Set the local port number to ! 116: .IR X . ! 117: This exists to support library emulation ! 118: of BSD sockets and is not otherwise used. ! 119: .TP ! 120: .BI backlog\ n ! 121: (IL and TCP only) ! 122: Set the maximum number of pending requests for a given service ! 123: to ! 124: .IR n . ! 125: By default ! 126: .I n ! 127: is set to five. If more than ! 128: .I n ! 129: connections are pending, ! 130: further requests for a service will be rejected. ! 131: .PP ! 132: Port numbers must be in the range 1 to 32767. ! 133: If a local port has not been ! 134: announced prior to a ! 135: .B connect ! 136: a local port number will be allocated automatically. ! 137: Local ports are allocated from 5000 up. ! 138: .PP ! 139: Several files report the status of a ! 140: connection. ! 141: The ! 142: .B remote ! 143: and ! 144: .B local ! 145: files contain the IP address and port number for the remote and local side of the ! 146: connection. The ! 147: .B status ! 148: file contains protocol-dependent information to help debug network connections. ! 149: .PP ! 150: A process may accept incoming connections by calling ! 151: .B open ! 152: on the ! 153: .B listen ! 154: file. ! 155: The ! 156: .B open ! 157: will block until a new connection request arrives. ! 158: Then ! 159: .B open ! 160: will return an open file descriptor which points to the control file of the ! 161: newly accepted connection. ! 162: This procedure will accept all calls for the ! 163: given protocol. ! 164: .SH "SEE ALSO" ! 165: .IR listen (8), ! 166: .IR dial (2), ! 167: .IR ndb (6) ! 168: .SH SOURCE ! 169: .B /sys/src/9/port/devip.c ! 170: .br ! 171: .B /sys/src/9/port/stil.c ! 172: .br ! 173: .B /sys/src/9/port/stip.c ! 174: .br ! 175: .B /sys/src/9/port/tcp*.c
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