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1.1 root 1: /*
2: * Block driver for the QCOW version 2 format
3: *
4: * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
5: *
6: * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7: * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8: * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9: * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10: * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11: * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12: *
13: * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14: * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15: *
16: * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17: * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18: * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19: * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20: * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21: * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22: * THE SOFTWARE.
23: */
24:
25: #include "qemu-common.h"
26: #include "block_int.h"
27: #include "block/qcow2.h"
28:
29: static int64_t alloc_clusters_noref(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t size);
1.1.1.4 root 30: static int QEMU_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT update_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
1.1 root 31: int64_t offset, int64_t length,
32: int addend);
33:
34:
35: /*********************************************************/
36: /* refcount handling */
37:
38: int qcow2_refcount_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
39: {
40: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
41: int ret, refcount_table_size2, i;
42:
43: refcount_table_size2 = s->refcount_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
44: s->refcount_table = qemu_malloc(refcount_table_size2);
45: if (s->refcount_table_size > 0) {
1.1.1.6 root 46: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFTABLE_LOAD);
47: ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->refcount_table_offset,
1.1 root 48: s->refcount_table, refcount_table_size2);
49: if (ret != refcount_table_size2)
50: goto fail;
51: for(i = 0; i < s->refcount_table_size; i++)
52: be64_to_cpus(&s->refcount_table[i]);
53: }
54: return 0;
55: fail:
56: return -ENOMEM;
57: }
58:
59: void qcow2_refcount_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
60: {
61: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
62: qemu_free(s->refcount_table);
63: }
64:
65:
66: static int load_refcount_block(BlockDriverState *bs,
1.1.1.7 ! root 67: int64_t refcount_block_offset,
! 68: void **refcount_block)
1.1 root 69: {
70: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
71: int ret;
72:
1.1.1.6 root 73: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_LOAD);
1.1.1.7 ! root 74: ret = qcow2_cache_get(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, refcount_block_offset,
! 75: refcount_block);
1.1.1.6 root 76:
1.1.1.7 ! root 77: return ret;
1.1 root 78: }
79:
1.1.1.6 root 80: /*
81: * Returns the refcount of the cluster given by its index. Any non-negative
82: * return value is the refcount of the cluster, negative values are -errno
83: * and indicate an error.
84: */
1.1 root 85: static int get_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t cluster_index)
86: {
87: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
88: int refcount_table_index, block_index;
89: int64_t refcount_block_offset;
1.1.1.6 root 90: int ret;
1.1.1.7 ! root 91: uint16_t *refcount_block;
! 92: uint16_t refcount;
1.1 root 93:
94: refcount_table_index = cluster_index >> (s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT);
95: if (refcount_table_index >= s->refcount_table_size)
96: return 0;
97: refcount_block_offset = s->refcount_table[refcount_table_index];
98: if (!refcount_block_offset)
99: return 0;
1.1.1.7 ! root 100:
! 101: ret = qcow2_cache_get(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, refcount_block_offset,
! 102: (void**) &refcount_block);
! 103: if (ret < 0) {
! 104: return ret;
1.1 root 105: }
1.1.1.7 ! root 106:
1.1 root 107: block_index = cluster_index &
108: ((1 << (s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT)) - 1);
1.1.1.7 ! root 109: refcount = be16_to_cpu(refcount_block[block_index]);
! 110:
! 111: ret = qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache,
! 112: (void**) &refcount_block);
! 113: if (ret < 0) {
! 114: return ret;
! 115: }
! 116:
! 117: return refcount;
1.1 root 118: }
119:
1.1.1.4 root 120: /*
121: * Rounds the refcount table size up to avoid growing the table for each single
122: * refcount block that is allocated.
123: */
124: static unsigned int next_refcount_table_size(BDRVQcowState *s,
125: unsigned int min_size)
126: {
127: unsigned int min_clusters = (min_size >> (s->cluster_bits - 3)) + 1;
128: unsigned int refcount_table_clusters =
129: MAX(1, s->refcount_table_size >> (s->cluster_bits - 3));
130:
131: while (min_clusters > refcount_table_clusters) {
132: refcount_table_clusters = (refcount_table_clusters * 3 + 1) / 2;
133: }
134:
135: return refcount_table_clusters << (s->cluster_bits - 3);
136: }
137:
138:
139: /* Checks if two offsets are described by the same refcount block */
140: static int in_same_refcount_block(BDRVQcowState *s, uint64_t offset_a,
141: uint64_t offset_b)
142: {
143: uint64_t block_a = offset_a >> (2 * s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT);
144: uint64_t block_b = offset_b >> (2 * s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT);
145:
146: return (block_a == block_b);
147: }
148:
149: /*
150: * Loads a refcount block. If it doesn't exist yet, it is allocated first
151: * (including growing the refcount table if needed).
152: *
1.1.1.7 ! root 153: * Returns 0 on success or -errno in error case
1.1.1.4 root 154: */
1.1.1.7 ! root 155: static int alloc_refcount_block(BlockDriverState *bs,
! 156: int64_t cluster_index, uint16_t **refcount_block)
1.1 root 157: {
158: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
1.1.1.4 root 159: unsigned int refcount_table_index;
160: int ret;
1.1 root 161:
1.1.1.6 root 162: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC);
163:
1.1.1.4 root 164: /* Find the refcount block for the given cluster */
165: refcount_table_index = cluster_index >> (s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT);
166:
167: if (refcount_table_index < s->refcount_table_size) {
168:
169: uint64_t refcount_block_offset =
170: s->refcount_table[refcount_table_index];
171:
172: /* If it's already there, we're done */
173: if (refcount_block_offset) {
1.1.1.7 ! root 174: return load_refcount_block(bs, refcount_block_offset,
! 175: (void**) refcount_block);
1.1.1.4 root 176: }
177: }
178:
179: /*
180: * If we came here, we need to allocate something. Something is at least
181: * a cluster for the new refcount block. It may also include a new refcount
182: * table if the old refcount table is too small.
183: *
184: * Note that allocating clusters here needs some special care:
185: *
186: * - We can't use the normal qcow2_alloc_clusters(), it would try to
187: * increase the refcount and very likely we would end up with an endless
188: * recursion. Instead we must place the refcount blocks in a way that
189: * they can describe them themselves.
190: *
191: * - We need to consider that at this point we are inside update_refcounts
192: * and doing the initial refcount increase. This means that some clusters
193: * have already been allocated by the caller, but their refcount isn't
194: * accurate yet. free_cluster_index tells us where this allocation ends
195: * as long as we don't overwrite it by freeing clusters.
196: *
197: * - alloc_clusters_noref and qcow2_free_clusters may load a different
198: * refcount block into the cache
199: */
200:
1.1.1.7 ! root 201: *refcount_block = NULL;
! 202:
! 203: /* We write to the refcount table, so we might depend on L2 tables */
! 204: qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
1.1.1.4 root 205:
206: /* Allocate the refcount block itself and mark it as used */
1.1.1.6 root 207: int64_t new_block = alloc_clusters_noref(bs, s->cluster_size);
208: if (new_block < 0) {
209: return new_block;
210: }
1.1.1.4 root 211:
212: #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC2
213: fprintf(stderr, "qcow2: Allocate refcount block %d for %" PRIx64
214: " at %" PRIx64 "\n",
215: refcount_table_index, cluster_index << s->cluster_bits, new_block);
216: #endif
217:
218: if (in_same_refcount_block(s, new_block, cluster_index << s->cluster_bits)) {
1.1.1.5 root 219: /* Zero the new refcount block before updating it */
1.1.1.7 ! root 220: ret = qcow2_cache_get_empty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, new_block,
! 221: (void**) refcount_block);
! 222: if (ret < 0) {
! 223: goto fail_block;
! 224: }
! 225:
! 226: memset(*refcount_block, 0, s->cluster_size);
1.1.1.5 root 227:
1.1.1.4 root 228: /* The block describes itself, need to update the cache */
229: int block_index = (new_block >> s->cluster_bits) &
230: ((1 << (s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT)) - 1);
1.1.1.7 ! root 231: (*refcount_block)[block_index] = cpu_to_be16(1);
1.1.1.4 root 232: } else {
233: /* Described somewhere else. This can recurse at most twice before we
234: * arrive at a block that describes itself. */
235: ret = update_refcount(bs, new_block, s->cluster_size, 1);
236: if (ret < 0) {
237: goto fail_block;
238: }
1.1.1.5 root 239:
1.1.1.7 ! root 240: bdrv_flush(bs->file);
! 241:
1.1.1.5 root 242: /* Initialize the new refcount block only after updating its refcount,
243: * update_refcount uses the refcount cache itself */
1.1.1.7 ! root 244: ret = qcow2_cache_get_empty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, new_block,
! 245: (void**) refcount_block);
! 246: if (ret < 0) {
! 247: goto fail_block;
! 248: }
! 249:
! 250: memset(*refcount_block, 0, s->cluster_size);
1.1.1.4 root 251: }
252:
253: /* Now the new refcount block needs to be written to disk */
1.1.1.6 root 254: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_WRITE);
1.1.1.7 ! root 255: qcow2_cache_entry_mark_dirty(s->refcount_block_cache, *refcount_block);
! 256: ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
1.1.1.4 root 257: if (ret < 0) {
258: goto fail_block;
259: }
260:
261: /* If the refcount table is big enough, just hook the block up there */
262: if (refcount_table_index < s->refcount_table_size) {
263: uint64_t data64 = cpu_to_be64(new_block);
1.1.1.6 root 264: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_HOOKUP);
265: ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file,
1.1.1.4 root 266: s->refcount_table_offset + refcount_table_index * sizeof(uint64_t),
267: &data64, sizeof(data64));
268: if (ret < 0) {
269: goto fail_block;
1.1 root 270: }
1.1.1.4 root 271:
272: s->refcount_table[refcount_table_index] = new_block;
1.1.1.7 ! root 273: return 0;
! 274: }
! 275:
! 276: ret = qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, (void**) refcount_block);
! 277: if (ret < 0) {
! 278: goto fail_block;
1.1 root 279: }
1.1.1.4 root 280:
281: /*
282: * If we come here, we need to grow the refcount table. Again, a new
283: * refcount table needs some space and we can't simply allocate to avoid
284: * endless recursion.
285: *
286: * Therefore let's grab new refcount blocks at the end of the image, which
287: * will describe themselves and the new refcount table. This way we can
288: * reference them only in the new table and do the switch to the new
289: * refcount table at once without producing an inconsistent state in
290: * between.
291: */
1.1.1.6 root 292: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFTABLE_GROW);
293:
1.1.1.4 root 294: /* Calculate the number of refcount blocks needed so far */
295: uint64_t refcount_block_clusters = 1 << (s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT);
296: uint64_t blocks_used = (s->free_cluster_index +
297: refcount_block_clusters - 1) / refcount_block_clusters;
298:
299: /* And now we need at least one block more for the new metadata */
300: uint64_t table_size = next_refcount_table_size(s, blocks_used + 1);
301: uint64_t last_table_size;
302: uint64_t blocks_clusters;
303: do {
304: uint64_t table_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, table_size);
305: blocks_clusters = 1 +
306: ((table_clusters + refcount_block_clusters - 1)
307: / refcount_block_clusters);
308: uint64_t meta_clusters = table_clusters + blocks_clusters;
309:
310: last_table_size = table_size;
311: table_size = next_refcount_table_size(s, blocks_used +
312: ((meta_clusters + refcount_block_clusters - 1)
313: / refcount_block_clusters));
314:
315: } while (last_table_size != table_size);
316:
1.1 root 317: #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC2
1.1.1.4 root 318: fprintf(stderr, "qcow2: Grow refcount table %" PRId32 " => %" PRId64 "\n",
319: s->refcount_table_size, table_size);
1.1 root 320: #endif
1.1.1.4 root 321:
322: /* Create the new refcount table and blocks */
323: uint64_t meta_offset = (blocks_used * refcount_block_clusters) *
324: s->cluster_size;
325: uint64_t table_offset = meta_offset + blocks_clusters * s->cluster_size;
326: uint16_t *new_blocks = qemu_mallocz(blocks_clusters * s->cluster_size);
327: uint64_t *new_table = qemu_mallocz(table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
328:
329: assert(meta_offset >= (s->free_cluster_index * s->cluster_size));
330:
331: /* Fill the new refcount table */
1.1 root 332: memcpy(new_table, s->refcount_table,
1.1.1.4 root 333: s->refcount_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
334: new_table[refcount_table_index] = new_block;
335:
336: int i;
337: for (i = 0; i < blocks_clusters; i++) {
338: new_table[blocks_used + i] = meta_offset + (i * s->cluster_size);
339: }
340:
341: /* Fill the refcount blocks */
342: uint64_t table_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
343: int block = 0;
344: for (i = 0; i < table_clusters + blocks_clusters; i++) {
345: new_blocks[block++] = cpu_to_be16(1);
346: }
347:
348: /* Write refcount blocks to disk */
1.1.1.6 root 349: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_WRITE_BLOCKS);
350: ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, meta_offset, new_blocks,
1.1.1.4 root 351: blocks_clusters * s->cluster_size);
352: qemu_free(new_blocks);
353: if (ret < 0) {
354: goto fail_table;
355: }
356:
357: /* Write refcount table to disk */
358: for(i = 0; i < table_size; i++) {
1.1 root 359: cpu_to_be64s(&new_table[i]);
1.1.1.4 root 360: }
361:
1.1.1.6 root 362: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_WRITE_TABLE);
363: ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, table_offset, new_table,
1.1.1.4 root 364: table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
365: if (ret < 0) {
366: goto fail_table;
367: }
368:
369: for(i = 0; i < table_size; i++) {
370: cpu_to_be64s(&new_table[i]);
371: }
1.1 root 372:
1.1.1.4 root 373: /* Hook up the new refcount table in the qcow2 header */
374: uint8_t data[12];
1.1 root 375: cpu_to_be64w((uint64_t*)data, table_offset);
1.1.1.4 root 376: cpu_to_be32w((uint32_t*)(data + 8), table_clusters);
1.1.1.6 root 377: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_SWITCH_TABLE);
378: ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, offsetof(QCowHeader, refcount_table_offset),
1.1.1.4 root 379: data, sizeof(data));
380: if (ret < 0) {
381: goto fail_table;
1.1.1.3 root 382: }
383:
1.1.1.4 root 384: /* And switch it in memory */
385: uint64_t old_table_offset = s->refcount_table_offset;
386: uint64_t old_table_size = s->refcount_table_size;
387:
1.1 root 388: qemu_free(s->refcount_table);
389: s->refcount_table = new_table;
1.1.1.4 root 390: s->refcount_table_size = table_size;
1.1 root 391: s->refcount_table_offset = table_offset;
392:
1.1.1.4 root 393: /* Free old table. Remember, we must not change free_cluster_index */
394: uint64_t old_free_cluster_index = s->free_cluster_index;
1.1 root 395: qcow2_free_clusters(bs, old_table_offset, old_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
1.1.1.4 root 396: s->free_cluster_index = old_free_cluster_index;
1.1 root 397:
1.1.1.7 ! root 398: ret = load_refcount_block(bs, new_block, (void**) refcount_block);
1.1.1.4 root 399: if (ret < 0) {
1.1.1.7 ! root 400: return ret;
1.1 root 401: }
402:
1.1.1.4 root 403: return new_block;
1.1 root 404:
1.1.1.4 root 405: fail_table:
406: qemu_free(new_table);
407: fail_block:
1.1.1.7 ! root 408: if (*refcount_block != NULL) {
! 409: qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, (void**) refcount_block);
1.1.1.5 root 410: }
1.1.1.7 ! root 411: return ret;
1.1 root 412: }
413:
414: /* XXX: cache several refcount block clusters ? */
1.1.1.3 root 415: static int QEMU_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT update_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
416: int64_t offset, int64_t length, int addend)
1.1 root 417: {
418: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
419: int64_t start, last, cluster_offset;
1.1.1.7 ! root 420: uint16_t *refcount_block = NULL;
! 421: int64_t old_table_index = -1;
1.1.1.3 root 422: int ret;
1.1 root 423:
424: #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC2
425: printf("update_refcount: offset=%" PRId64 " size=%" PRId64 " addend=%d\n",
426: offset, length, addend);
427: #endif
1.1.1.3 root 428: if (length < 0) {
1.1 root 429: return -EINVAL;
1.1.1.3 root 430: } else if (length == 0) {
431: return 0;
432: }
433:
1.1.1.7 ! root 434: if (addend < 0) {
! 435: qcow2_cache_set_dependency(bs, s->refcount_block_cache,
! 436: s->l2_table_cache);
! 437: }
! 438:
1.1 root 439: start = offset & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
440: last = (offset + length - 1) & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
441: for(cluster_offset = start; cluster_offset <= last;
442: cluster_offset += s->cluster_size)
443: {
444: int block_index, refcount;
445: int64_t cluster_index = cluster_offset >> s->cluster_bits;
1.1.1.7 ! root 446: int64_t table_index =
! 447: cluster_index >> (s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT);
1.1 root 448:
1.1.1.7 ! root 449: /* Load the refcount block and allocate it if needed */
! 450: if (table_index != old_table_index) {
! 451: if (refcount_block) {
! 452: ret = qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache,
! 453: (void**) &refcount_block);
! 454: if (ret < 0) {
! 455: goto fail;
! 456: }
! 457: }
1.1 root 458:
1.1.1.7 ! root 459: ret = alloc_refcount_block(bs, cluster_index, &refcount_block);
1.1.1.6 root 460: if (ret < 0) {
1.1.1.7 ! root 461: goto fail;
1.1 root 462: }
463: }
1.1.1.7 ! root 464: old_table_index = table_index;
1.1 root 465:
1.1.1.7 ! root 466: qcow2_cache_entry_mark_dirty(s->refcount_block_cache, refcount_block);
1.1 root 467:
468: /* we can update the count and save it */
469: block_index = cluster_index &
470: ((1 << (s->cluster_bits - REFCOUNT_SHIFT)) - 1);
471:
1.1.1.7 ! root 472: refcount = be16_to_cpu(refcount_block[block_index]);
1.1 root 473: refcount += addend;
1.1.1.3 root 474: if (refcount < 0 || refcount > 0xffff) {
475: ret = -EINVAL;
476: goto fail;
477: }
1.1 root 478: if (refcount == 0 && cluster_index < s->free_cluster_index) {
479: s->free_cluster_index = cluster_index;
480: }
1.1.1.7 ! root 481: refcount_block[block_index] = cpu_to_be16(refcount);
1.1 root 482: }
483:
1.1.1.3 root 484: ret = 0;
485: fail:
1.1 root 486: /* Write last changed block to disk */
1.1.1.7 ! root 487: if (refcount_block) {
1.1.1.6 root 488: int wret;
1.1.1.7 ! root 489: wret = qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache,
! 490: (void**) &refcount_block);
1.1.1.6 root 491: if (wret < 0) {
492: return ret < 0 ? ret : wret;
1.1 root 493: }
494: }
495:
1.1.1.3 root 496: /*
497: * Try do undo any updates if an error is returned (This may succeed in
498: * some cases like ENOSPC for allocating a new refcount block)
499: */
500: if (ret < 0) {
501: int dummy;
502: dummy = update_refcount(bs, offset, cluster_offset - offset, -addend);
1.1.1.7 ! root 503: (void)dummy;
1.1.1.3 root 504: }
505:
506: return ret;
1.1 root 507: }
508:
1.1.1.6 root 509: /*
510: * Increases or decreases the refcount of a given cluster by one.
511: * addend must be 1 or -1.
512: *
513: * If the return value is non-negative, it is the new refcount of the cluster.
514: * If it is negative, it is -errno and indicates an error.
515: */
1.1 root 516: static int update_cluster_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
517: int64_t cluster_index,
518: int addend)
519: {
520: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
521: int ret;
522:
523: ret = update_refcount(bs, cluster_index << s->cluster_bits, 1, addend);
524: if (ret < 0) {
525: return ret;
526: }
527:
1.1.1.7 ! root 528: bdrv_flush(bs->file);
! 529:
1.1 root 530: return get_refcount(bs, cluster_index);
531: }
532:
533:
534:
535: /*********************************************************/
536: /* cluster allocation functions */
537:
538:
539:
540: /* return < 0 if error */
541: static int64_t alloc_clusters_noref(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t size)
542: {
543: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
1.1.1.6 root 544: int i, nb_clusters, refcount;
1.1 root 545:
546: nb_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, size);
547: retry:
548: for(i = 0; i < nb_clusters; i++) {
1.1.1.6 root 549: int64_t next_cluster_index = s->free_cluster_index++;
550: refcount = get_refcount(bs, next_cluster_index);
551:
552: if (refcount < 0) {
553: return refcount;
554: } else if (refcount != 0) {
1.1 root 555: goto retry;
1.1.1.6 root 556: }
1.1 root 557: }
558: #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC2
559: printf("alloc_clusters: size=%" PRId64 " -> %" PRId64 "\n",
560: size,
561: (s->free_cluster_index - nb_clusters) << s->cluster_bits);
562: #endif
563: return (s->free_cluster_index - nb_clusters) << s->cluster_bits;
564: }
565:
566: int64_t qcow2_alloc_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t size)
567: {
568: int64_t offset;
1.1.1.3 root 569: int ret;
1.1 root 570:
1.1.1.6 root 571: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_CLUSTER_ALLOC);
1.1 root 572: offset = alloc_clusters_noref(bs, size);
1.1.1.6 root 573: if (offset < 0) {
574: return offset;
575: }
576:
1.1.1.3 root 577: ret = update_refcount(bs, offset, size, 1);
578: if (ret < 0) {
579: return ret;
580: }
1.1.1.7 ! root 581:
1.1 root 582: return offset;
583: }
584:
585: /* only used to allocate compressed sectors. We try to allocate
586: contiguous sectors. size must be <= cluster_size */
587: int64_t qcow2_alloc_bytes(BlockDriverState *bs, int size)
588: {
589: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
590: int64_t offset, cluster_offset;
591: int free_in_cluster;
592:
1.1.1.6 root 593: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_CLUSTER_ALLOC_BYTES);
1.1 root 594: assert(size > 0 && size <= s->cluster_size);
595: if (s->free_byte_offset == 0) {
596: s->free_byte_offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, s->cluster_size);
1.1.1.3 root 597: if (s->free_byte_offset < 0) {
598: return s->free_byte_offset;
599: }
1.1 root 600: }
601: redo:
602: free_in_cluster = s->cluster_size -
603: (s->free_byte_offset & (s->cluster_size - 1));
604: if (size <= free_in_cluster) {
605: /* enough space in current cluster */
606: offset = s->free_byte_offset;
607: s->free_byte_offset += size;
608: free_in_cluster -= size;
609: if (free_in_cluster == 0)
610: s->free_byte_offset = 0;
611: if ((offset & (s->cluster_size - 1)) != 0)
612: update_cluster_refcount(bs, offset >> s->cluster_bits, 1);
613: } else {
614: offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, s->cluster_size);
1.1.1.3 root 615: if (offset < 0) {
616: return offset;
617: }
1.1 root 618: cluster_offset = s->free_byte_offset & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
619: if ((cluster_offset + s->cluster_size) == offset) {
620: /* we are lucky: contiguous data */
621: offset = s->free_byte_offset;
622: update_cluster_refcount(bs, offset >> s->cluster_bits, 1);
623: s->free_byte_offset += size;
624: } else {
625: s->free_byte_offset = offset;
626: goto redo;
627: }
628: }
1.1.1.7 ! root 629:
! 630: bdrv_flush(bs->file);
1.1 root 631: return offset;
632: }
633:
634: void qcow2_free_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs,
635: int64_t offset, int64_t size)
636: {
1.1.1.3 root 637: int ret;
638:
1.1.1.6 root 639: BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_CLUSTER_FREE);
1.1.1.3 root 640: ret = update_refcount(bs, offset, size, -1);
641: if (ret < 0) {
642: fprintf(stderr, "qcow2_free_clusters failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1.1.1.5 root 643: /* TODO Remember the clusters to free them later and avoid leaking */
1.1.1.3 root 644: }
1.1 root 645: }
646:
647: /*
648: * free_any_clusters
649: *
650: * free clusters according to its type: compressed or not
651: *
652: */
653:
654: void qcow2_free_any_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs,
655: uint64_t cluster_offset, int nb_clusters)
656: {
657: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
658:
659: /* free the cluster */
660:
661: if (cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) {
662: int nb_csectors;
663: nb_csectors = ((cluster_offset >> s->csize_shift) &
664: s->csize_mask) + 1;
665: qcow2_free_clusters(bs,
666: (cluster_offset & s->cluster_offset_mask) & ~511,
667: nb_csectors * 512);
668: return;
669: }
670:
671: qcow2_free_clusters(bs, cluster_offset, nb_clusters << s->cluster_bits);
672:
673: return;
674: }
675:
676:
677:
678: /*********************************************************/
679: /* snapshots and image creation */
680:
681:
682:
683: void qcow2_create_refcount_update(QCowCreateState *s, int64_t offset,
684: int64_t size)
685: {
686: int refcount;
687: int64_t start, last, cluster_offset;
688: uint16_t *p;
689:
690: start = offset & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
691: last = (offset + size - 1) & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
692: for(cluster_offset = start; cluster_offset <= last;
693: cluster_offset += s->cluster_size) {
694: p = &s->refcount_block[cluster_offset >> s->cluster_bits];
695: refcount = be16_to_cpu(*p);
696: refcount++;
697: *p = cpu_to_be16(refcount);
698: }
699: }
700:
701: /* update the refcounts of snapshots and the copied flag */
702: int qcow2_update_snapshot_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
703: int64_t l1_table_offset, int l1_size, int addend)
704: {
705: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
706: uint64_t *l1_table, *l2_table, l2_offset, offset, l1_size2, l1_allocated;
707: int64_t old_offset, old_l2_offset;
1.1.1.7 ! root 708: int i, j, l1_modified, nb_csectors, refcount;
! 709: int ret;
1.1 root 710:
711: l2_table = NULL;
712: l1_table = NULL;
713: l1_size2 = l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
714: if (l1_table_offset != s->l1_table_offset) {
1.1.1.2 root 715: if (l1_size2 != 0) {
716: l1_table = qemu_mallocz(align_offset(l1_size2, 512));
717: } else {
718: l1_table = NULL;
719: }
1.1 root 720: l1_allocated = 1;
1.1.1.6 root 721: if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, l1_table_offset,
1.1 root 722: l1_table, l1_size2) != l1_size2)
723: goto fail;
724: for(i = 0;i < l1_size; i++)
725: be64_to_cpus(&l1_table[i]);
726: } else {
727: assert(l1_size == s->l1_size);
728: l1_table = s->l1_table;
729: l1_allocated = 0;
730: }
731:
732: l1_modified = 0;
733: for(i = 0; i < l1_size; i++) {
734: l2_offset = l1_table[i];
735: if (l2_offset) {
736: old_l2_offset = l2_offset;
737: l2_offset &= ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1.1.1.7 ! root 738:
! 739: ret = qcow2_cache_get(bs, s->l2_table_cache, l2_offset,
! 740: (void**) &l2_table);
! 741: if (ret < 0) {
1.1 root 742: goto fail;
1.1.1.7 ! root 743: }
! 744:
1.1 root 745: for(j = 0; j < s->l2_size; j++) {
746: offset = be64_to_cpu(l2_table[j]);
747: if (offset != 0) {
748: old_offset = offset;
749: offset &= ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
750: if (offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) {
751: nb_csectors = ((offset >> s->csize_shift) &
752: s->csize_mask) + 1;
1.1.1.3 root 753: if (addend != 0) {
754: int ret;
755: ret = update_refcount(bs,
756: (offset & s->cluster_offset_mask) & ~511,
757: nb_csectors * 512, addend);
758: if (ret < 0) {
759: goto fail;
760: }
1.1.1.7 ! root 761:
! 762: /* TODO Flushing once for the whole function should
! 763: * be enough */
! 764: bdrv_flush(bs->file);
1.1.1.3 root 765: }
1.1 root 766: /* compressed clusters are never modified */
767: refcount = 2;
768: } else {
769: if (addend != 0) {
770: refcount = update_cluster_refcount(bs, offset >> s->cluster_bits, addend);
771: } else {
772: refcount = get_refcount(bs, offset >> s->cluster_bits);
773: }
1.1.1.6 root 774:
775: if (refcount < 0) {
776: goto fail;
777: }
1.1 root 778: }
779:
780: if (refcount == 1) {
781: offset |= QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
782: }
783: if (offset != old_offset) {
1.1.1.7 ! root 784: if (addend > 0) {
! 785: qcow2_cache_set_dependency(bs, s->l2_table_cache,
! 786: s->refcount_block_cache);
! 787: }
1.1 root 788: l2_table[j] = cpu_to_be64(offset);
1.1.1.7 ! root 789: qcow2_cache_entry_mark_dirty(s->l2_table_cache, l2_table);
1.1 root 790: }
791: }
792: }
1.1.1.7 ! root 793:
! 794: ret = qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->l2_table_cache, (void**) &l2_table);
! 795: if (ret < 0) {
! 796: goto fail;
1.1 root 797: }
798:
1.1.1.7 ! root 799:
1.1 root 800: if (addend != 0) {
801: refcount = update_cluster_refcount(bs, l2_offset >> s->cluster_bits, addend);
802: } else {
803: refcount = get_refcount(bs, l2_offset >> s->cluster_bits);
804: }
1.1.1.6 root 805: if (refcount < 0) {
806: goto fail;
807: } else if (refcount == 1) {
1.1 root 808: l2_offset |= QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
809: }
810: if (l2_offset != old_l2_offset) {
811: l1_table[i] = l2_offset;
812: l1_modified = 1;
813: }
814: }
815: }
816: if (l1_modified) {
817: for(i = 0; i < l1_size; i++)
818: cpu_to_be64s(&l1_table[i]);
1.1.1.6 root 819: if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, l1_table_offset, l1_table,
1.1.1.5 root 820: l1_size2) < 0)
1.1 root 821: goto fail;
822: for(i = 0; i < l1_size; i++)
823: be64_to_cpus(&l1_table[i]);
824: }
825: if (l1_allocated)
826: qemu_free(l1_table);
827: return 0;
828: fail:
1.1.1.7 ! root 829: if (l2_table) {
! 830: qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->l2_table_cache, (void**) &l2_table);
! 831: }
! 832:
1.1 root 833: if (l1_allocated)
834: qemu_free(l1_table);
835: return -EIO;
836: }
837:
838:
839:
840:
841: /*********************************************************/
842: /* refcount checking functions */
843:
844:
845:
846: /*
847: * Increases the refcount for a range of clusters in a given refcount table.
848: * This is used to construct a temporary refcount table out of L1 and L2 tables
849: * which can be compared the the refcount table saved in the image.
850: *
1.1.1.6 root 851: * Modifies the number of errors in res.
1.1 root 852: */
1.1.1.6 root 853: static void inc_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs,
854: BdrvCheckResult *res,
1.1 root 855: uint16_t *refcount_table,
856: int refcount_table_size,
857: int64_t offset, int64_t size)
858: {
859: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
860: int64_t start, last, cluster_offset;
861: int k;
862:
863: if (size <= 0)
1.1.1.6 root 864: return;
1.1 root 865:
866: start = offset & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
867: last = (offset + size - 1) & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
868: for(cluster_offset = start; cluster_offset <= last;
869: cluster_offset += s->cluster_size) {
870: k = cluster_offset >> s->cluster_bits;
1.1.1.6 root 871: if (k < 0) {
1.1 root 872: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: invalid cluster offset=0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
873: cluster_offset);
1.1.1.6 root 874: res->corruptions++;
875: } else if (k >= refcount_table_size) {
876: fprintf(stderr, "Warning: cluster offset=0x%" PRIx64 " is after "
877: "the end of the image file, can't properly check refcounts.\n",
878: cluster_offset);
879: res->check_errors++;
1.1 root 880: } else {
881: if (++refcount_table[k] == 0) {
882: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: overflow cluster offset=0x%" PRIx64
883: "\n", cluster_offset);
1.1.1.6 root 884: res->corruptions++;
1.1 root 885: }
886: }
887: }
888: }
889:
890: /*
891: * Increases the refcount in the given refcount table for the all clusters
892: * referenced in the L2 table. While doing so, performs some checks on L2
893: * entries.
894: *
895: * Returns the number of errors found by the checks or -errno if an internal
896: * error occurred.
897: */
1.1.1.6 root 898: static int check_refcounts_l2(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
1.1 root 899: uint16_t *refcount_table, int refcount_table_size, int64_t l2_offset,
900: int check_copied)
901: {
902: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
903: uint64_t *l2_table, offset;
904: int i, l2_size, nb_csectors, refcount;
905:
906: /* Read L2 table from disk */
907: l2_size = s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
908: l2_table = qemu_malloc(l2_size);
909:
1.1.1.6 root 910: if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, l2_offset, l2_table, l2_size) != l2_size)
1.1 root 911: goto fail;
912:
913: /* Do the actual checks */
914: for(i = 0; i < s->l2_size; i++) {
915: offset = be64_to_cpu(l2_table[i]);
916: if (offset != 0) {
917: if (offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) {
918: /* Compressed clusters don't have QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED */
919: if (offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED) {
920: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: cluster %" PRId64 ": "
921: "copied flag must never be set for compressed "
922: "clusters\n", offset >> s->cluster_bits);
923: offset &= ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1.1.1.6 root 924: res->corruptions++;
1.1 root 925: }
926:
927: /* Mark cluster as used */
928: nb_csectors = ((offset >> s->csize_shift) &
929: s->csize_mask) + 1;
930: offset &= s->cluster_offset_mask;
1.1.1.6 root 931: inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
932: offset & ~511, nb_csectors * 512);
1.1 root 933: } else {
934: /* QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED must be set iff refcount == 1 */
935: if (check_copied) {
936: uint64_t entry = offset;
937: offset &= ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
938: refcount = get_refcount(bs, offset >> s->cluster_bits);
1.1.1.6 root 939: if (refcount < 0) {
940: fprintf(stderr, "Can't get refcount for offset %"
941: PRIx64 ": %s\n", entry, strerror(-refcount));
942: goto fail;
943: }
1.1 root 944: if ((refcount == 1) != ((entry & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED) != 0)) {
945: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR OFLAG_COPIED: offset=%"
946: PRIx64 " refcount=%d\n", entry, refcount);
1.1.1.6 root 947: res->corruptions++;
1.1 root 948: }
949: }
950:
951: /* Mark cluster as used */
952: offset &= ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1.1.1.6 root 953: inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table,refcount_table_size,
954: offset, s->cluster_size);
1.1 root 955:
956: /* Correct offsets are cluster aligned */
957: if (offset & (s->cluster_size - 1)) {
958: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR offset=%" PRIx64 ": Cluster is not "
959: "properly aligned; L2 entry corrupted.\n", offset);
1.1.1.6 root 960: res->corruptions++;
1.1 root 961: }
962: }
963: }
964: }
965:
966: qemu_free(l2_table);
1.1.1.6 root 967: return 0;
1.1 root 968:
969: fail:
1.1.1.6 root 970: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: I/O error in check_refcounts_l2\n");
1.1 root 971: qemu_free(l2_table);
972: return -EIO;
973: }
974:
975: /*
976: * Increases the refcount for the L1 table, its L2 tables and all referenced
977: * clusters in the given refcount table. While doing so, performs some checks
978: * on L1 and L2 entries.
979: *
980: * Returns the number of errors found by the checks or -errno if an internal
981: * error occurred.
982: */
983: static int check_refcounts_l1(BlockDriverState *bs,
1.1.1.6 root 984: BdrvCheckResult *res,
1.1 root 985: uint16_t *refcount_table,
986: int refcount_table_size,
987: int64_t l1_table_offset, int l1_size,
988: int check_copied)
989: {
990: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
991: uint64_t *l1_table, l2_offset, l1_size2;
992: int i, refcount, ret;
993:
994: l1_size2 = l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
995:
996: /* Mark L1 table as used */
1.1.1.6 root 997: inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
998: l1_table_offset, l1_size2);
1.1 root 999:
1000: /* Read L1 table entries from disk */
1.1.1.2 root 1001: if (l1_size2 == 0) {
1002: l1_table = NULL;
1003: } else {
1004: l1_table = qemu_malloc(l1_size2);
1.1.1.6 root 1005: if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, l1_table_offset,
1.1.1.2 root 1006: l1_table, l1_size2) != l1_size2)
1007: goto fail;
1008: for(i = 0;i < l1_size; i++)
1009: be64_to_cpus(&l1_table[i]);
1010: }
1.1 root 1011:
1012: /* Do the actual checks */
1013: for(i = 0; i < l1_size; i++) {
1014: l2_offset = l1_table[i];
1015: if (l2_offset) {
1016: /* QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED must be set iff refcount == 1 */
1017: if (check_copied) {
1018: refcount = get_refcount(bs, (l2_offset & ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED)
1019: >> s->cluster_bits);
1.1.1.6 root 1020: if (refcount < 0) {
1021: fprintf(stderr, "Can't get refcount for l2_offset %"
1022: PRIx64 ": %s\n", l2_offset, strerror(-refcount));
1023: goto fail;
1024: }
1.1 root 1025: if ((refcount == 1) != ((l2_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED) != 0)) {
1026: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR OFLAG_COPIED: l2_offset=%" PRIx64
1027: " refcount=%d\n", l2_offset, refcount);
1.1.1.6 root 1028: res->corruptions++;
1.1 root 1029: }
1030: }
1031:
1032: /* Mark L2 table as used */
1033: l2_offset &= ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1.1.1.6 root 1034: inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
1035: l2_offset, s->cluster_size);
1.1 root 1036:
1037: /* L2 tables are cluster aligned */
1038: if (l2_offset & (s->cluster_size - 1)) {
1039: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR l2_offset=%" PRIx64 ": Table is not "
1040: "cluster aligned; L1 entry corrupted\n", l2_offset);
1.1.1.6 root 1041: res->corruptions++;
1.1 root 1042: }
1043:
1044: /* Process and check L2 entries */
1.1.1.6 root 1045: ret = check_refcounts_l2(bs, res, refcount_table,
1046: refcount_table_size, l2_offset, check_copied);
1.1 root 1047: if (ret < 0) {
1048: goto fail;
1049: }
1050: }
1051: }
1052: qemu_free(l1_table);
1.1.1.6 root 1053: return 0;
1.1 root 1054:
1055: fail:
1056: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: I/O error in check_refcounts_l1\n");
1.1.1.6 root 1057: res->check_errors++;
1.1 root 1058: qemu_free(l1_table);
1059: return -EIO;
1060: }
1061:
1062: /*
1063: * Checks an image for refcount consistency.
1064: *
1065: * Returns 0 if no errors are found, the number of errors in case the image is
1066: * detected as corrupted, and -errno when an internal error occured.
1067: */
1.1.1.6 root 1068: int qcow2_check_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res)
1.1 root 1069: {
1070: BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
1071: int64_t size;
1072: int nb_clusters, refcount1, refcount2, i;
1073: QCowSnapshot *sn;
1074: uint16_t *refcount_table;
1.1.1.6 root 1075: int ret;
1.1 root 1076:
1.1.1.6 root 1077: size = bdrv_getlength(bs->file);
1.1 root 1078: nb_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, size);
1079: refcount_table = qemu_mallocz(nb_clusters * sizeof(uint16_t));
1080:
1081: /* header */
1.1.1.6 root 1082: inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1083: 0, s->cluster_size);
1.1 root 1084:
1085: /* current L1 table */
1.1.1.6 root 1086: ret = check_refcounts_l1(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1.1 root 1087: s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_size, 1);
1088: if (ret < 0) {
1089: return ret;
1090: }
1091:
1092: /* snapshots */
1093: for(i = 0; i < s->nb_snapshots; i++) {
1094: sn = s->snapshots + i;
1.1.1.6 root 1095: ret = check_refcounts_l1(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1096: sn->l1_table_offset, sn->l1_size, 0);
1097: if (ret < 0) {
1098: return ret;
1099: }
1.1 root 1100: }
1.1.1.6 root 1101: inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1102: s->snapshots_offset, s->snapshots_size);
1.1 root 1103:
1104: /* refcount data */
1.1.1.6 root 1105: inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1106: s->refcount_table_offset,
1107: s->refcount_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
1108:
1.1 root 1109: for(i = 0; i < s->refcount_table_size; i++) {
1.1.1.6 root 1110: uint64_t offset, cluster;
1.1 root 1111: offset = s->refcount_table[i];
1.1.1.6 root 1112: cluster = offset >> s->cluster_bits;
1113:
1114: /* Refcount blocks are cluster aligned */
1115: if (offset & (s->cluster_size - 1)) {
1116: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR refcount block %d is not "
1117: "cluster aligned; refcount table entry corrupted\n", i);
1118: res->corruptions++;
1119: continue;
1120: }
1121:
1122: if (cluster >= nb_clusters) {
1123: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR refcount block %d is outside image\n", i);
1124: res->corruptions++;
1125: continue;
1126: }
1127:
1.1 root 1128: if (offset != 0) {
1.1.1.6 root 1129: inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1130: offset, s->cluster_size);
1131: if (refcount_table[cluster] != 1) {
1132: fprintf(stderr, "ERROR refcount block %d refcount=%d\n",
1133: i, refcount_table[cluster]);
1134: res->corruptions++;
1135: }
1.1 root 1136: }
1137: }
1138:
1139: /* compare ref counts */
1140: for(i = 0; i < nb_clusters; i++) {
1141: refcount1 = get_refcount(bs, i);
1.1.1.6 root 1142: if (refcount1 < 0) {
1143: fprintf(stderr, "Can't get refcount for cluster %d: %s\n",
1144: i, strerror(-refcount1));
1145: res->check_errors++;
1146: continue;
1147: }
1148:
1.1 root 1149: refcount2 = refcount_table[i];
1150: if (refcount1 != refcount2) {
1.1.1.6 root 1151: fprintf(stderr, "%s cluster %d refcount=%d reference=%d\n",
1152: refcount1 < refcount2 ? "ERROR" : "Leaked",
1.1 root 1153: i, refcount1, refcount2);
1.1.1.6 root 1154: if (refcount1 < refcount2) {
1155: res->corruptions++;
1156: } else {
1157: res->leaks++;
1158: }
1.1 root 1159: }
1160: }
1161:
1162: qemu_free(refcount_table);
1163:
1.1.1.6 root 1164: return 0;
1.1 root 1165: }
1166:
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