Annotation of qemu/qemu-img.c, revision 1.1.1.3
1.1 root 1: /*
1.1.1.3 ! root 2: * QEMU disk image utility
1.1 root 3: *
1.1.1.3 ! root 4: * Copyright (c) 2003-2007 Fabrice Bellard
1.1 root 5: *
6: * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7: * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8: * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9: * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10: * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11: * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12: *
13: * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14: * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15: *
16: * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17: * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18: * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19: * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20: * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21: * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22: * THE SOFTWARE.
23: */
24: #include "vl.h"
25:
1.1.1.2 root 26: #ifdef _WIN32
27: #include <windows.h>
28: #endif
29:
1.1 root 30: void *get_mmap_addr(unsigned long size)
31: {
32: return NULL;
33: }
34:
35: void qemu_free(void *ptr)
36: {
37: free(ptr);
38: }
39:
40: void *qemu_malloc(size_t size)
41: {
42: return malloc(size);
43: }
44:
45: void *qemu_mallocz(size_t size)
46: {
47: void *ptr;
48: ptr = qemu_malloc(size);
49: if (!ptr)
50: return NULL;
51: memset(ptr, 0, size);
52: return ptr;
53: }
54:
55: char *qemu_strdup(const char *str)
56: {
57: char *ptr;
58: ptr = qemu_malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
59: if (!ptr)
60: return NULL;
61: strcpy(ptr, str);
62: return ptr;
63: }
64:
65: void term_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
66: {
67: va_list ap;
68: va_start(ap, fmt);
69: vprintf(fmt, ap);
70: va_end(ap);
71: }
72:
1.1.1.3 ! root 73: void term_print_filename(const char *filename)
! 74: {
! 75: term_printf(filename);
! 76: }
! 77:
1.1 root 78: void __attribute__((noreturn)) error(const char *fmt, ...)
79: {
80: va_list ap;
81: va_start(ap, fmt);
82: fprintf(stderr, "qemu-img: ");
83: vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
84: fprintf(stderr, "\n");
85: exit(1);
86: va_end(ap);
87: }
88:
89: static void format_print(void *opaque, const char *name)
90: {
91: printf(" %s", name);
92: }
93:
94: void help(void)
95: {
1.1.1.3 ! root 96: printf("qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2004-2007 Fabrice Bellard\n"
1.1 root 97: "usage: qemu-img command [command options]\n"
98: "QEMU disk image utility\n"
99: "\n"
100: "Command syntax:\n"
101: " create [-e] [-b base_image] [-f fmt] filename [size]\n"
102: " commit [-f fmt] filename\n"
103: " convert [-c] [-e] [-f fmt] filename [-O output_fmt] output_filename\n"
104: " info [-f fmt] filename\n"
105: "\n"
106: "Command parameters:\n"
107: " 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
108: " 'base_image' is the read-only disk image which is used as base for a copy on\n"
109: " write image; the copy on write image only stores the modified data\n"
110: " 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
111: " 'size' is the disk image size in kilobytes. Optional suffixes 'M' (megabyte)\n"
112: " and 'G' (gigabyte) are supported\n"
113: " 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
114: " 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
115: " '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
116: " '-e' indicates that the target image must be encrypted (qcow format only)\n"
117: );
118: printf("\nSupported format:");
119: bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
120: printf("\n");
121: exit(1);
122: }
123:
124: #if defined(WIN32)
125: /* XXX: put correct support for win32 */
126: static int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
127: {
128: int c, i;
129: printf("Password: ");
130: fflush(stdout);
131: i = 0;
132: for(;;) {
133: c = getchar();
134: if (c == '\n')
135: break;
136: if (i < (buf_size - 1))
137: buf[i++] = c;
138: }
139: buf[i] = '\0';
140: return 0;
141: }
142:
143: #else
144:
145: #include <termios.h>
146:
147: static struct termios oldtty;
148:
149: static void term_exit(void)
150: {
151: tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &oldtty);
152: }
153:
154: static void term_init(void)
155: {
156: struct termios tty;
157:
158: tcgetattr (0, &tty);
159: oldtty = tty;
160:
161: tty.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK|BRKINT|PARMRK|ISTRIP
162: |INLCR|IGNCR|ICRNL|IXON);
163: tty.c_oflag |= OPOST;
164: tty.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO|ECHONL|ICANON|IEXTEN);
165: tty.c_cflag &= ~(CSIZE|PARENB);
166: tty.c_cflag |= CS8;
167: tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
168: tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
169:
170: tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty);
171:
172: atexit(term_exit);
173: }
174:
175: int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
176: {
177: uint8_t ch;
178: int i, ret;
179:
180: printf("password: ");
181: fflush(stdout);
182: term_init();
183: i = 0;
184: for(;;) {
185: ret = read(0, &ch, 1);
186: if (ret == -1) {
187: if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR) {
188: continue;
189: } else {
190: ret = -1;
191: break;
192: }
193: } else if (ret == 0) {
194: ret = -1;
195: break;
196: } else {
197: if (ch == '\r') {
198: ret = 0;
199: break;
200: }
201: if (i < (buf_size - 1))
202: buf[i++] = ch;
203: }
204: }
205: term_exit();
206: buf[i] = '\0';
207: printf("\n");
208: return ret;
209: }
210: #endif
211:
212: static BlockDriverState *bdrv_new_open(const char *filename,
213: const char *fmt)
214: {
215: BlockDriverState *bs;
216: BlockDriver *drv;
217: char password[256];
218:
219: bs = bdrv_new("");
220: if (!bs)
221: error("Not enough memory");
222: if (fmt) {
223: drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
224: if (!drv)
225: error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
226: } else {
227: drv = NULL;
228: }
229: if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
230: error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
231: }
232: if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs)) {
233: printf("Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", filename);
234: if (read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0)
235: error("No password given");
236: if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0)
237: error("invalid password");
238: }
239: return bs;
240: }
241:
242: static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
243: {
244: int c, ret, encrypted;
245: const char *fmt = "raw";
246: const char *filename;
247: const char *base_filename = NULL;
248: int64_t size;
249: const char *p;
250: BlockDriver *drv;
251:
252: encrypted = 0;
253: for(;;) {
254: c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:f:he");
255: if (c == -1)
256: break;
257: switch(c) {
258: case 'h':
259: help();
260: break;
261: case 'b':
262: base_filename = optarg;
263: break;
264: case 'f':
265: fmt = optarg;
266: break;
267: case 'e':
268: encrypted = 1;
269: break;
270: }
271: }
272: if (optind >= argc)
273: help();
274: filename = argv[optind++];
275: size = 0;
276: if (base_filename) {
277: BlockDriverState *bs;
278: bs = bdrv_new_open(base_filename, NULL);
279: bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &size);
280: size *= 512;
281: bdrv_delete(bs);
282: } else {
283: if (optind >= argc)
284: help();
285: p = argv[optind];
286: size = strtoul(p, (char **)&p, 0);
287: if (*p == 'M') {
288: size *= 1024 * 1024;
289: } else if (*p == 'G') {
290: size *= 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
291: } else if (*p == 'k' || *p == 'K' || *p == '\0') {
292: size *= 1024;
293: } else {
294: help();
295: }
296: }
297: drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
298: if (!drv)
299: error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
300: printf("Formating '%s', fmt=%s",
301: filename, fmt);
302: if (encrypted)
303: printf(", encrypted");
304: if (base_filename) {
305: printf(", backing_file=%s",
306: base_filename);
307: }
1.1.1.2 root 308: printf(", size=%" PRId64 " kB\n", (int64_t) (size / 1024));
1.1 root 309: ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, size / 512, base_filename, encrypted);
310: if (ret < 0) {
311: if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
312: error("Formatting or formatting option not supported for file format '%s'", fmt);
313: } else {
314: error("Error while formatting");
315: }
316: }
317: return 0;
318: }
319:
320: static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
321: {
322: int c, ret;
323: const char *filename, *fmt;
324: BlockDriver *drv;
325: BlockDriverState *bs;
326:
327: fmt = NULL;
328: for(;;) {
329: c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h");
330: if (c == -1)
331: break;
332: switch(c) {
333: case 'h':
334: help();
335: break;
336: case 'f':
337: fmt = optarg;
338: break;
339: }
340: }
341: if (optind >= argc)
342: help();
343: filename = argv[optind++];
344:
345: bs = bdrv_new("");
346: if (!bs)
347: error("Not enough memory");
348: if (fmt) {
349: drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
350: if (!drv)
351: error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
352: } else {
353: drv = NULL;
354: }
355: if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
356: error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
357: }
358: ret = bdrv_commit(bs);
359: switch(ret) {
360: case 0:
361: printf("Image committed.\n");
362: break;
363: case -ENOENT:
364: error("No disk inserted");
365: break;
366: case -EACCES:
367: error("Image is read-only");
368: break;
369: case -ENOTSUP:
370: error("Image is already committed");
371: break;
372: default:
373: error("Error while committing image");
374: break;
375: }
376:
377: bdrv_delete(bs);
378: return 0;
379: }
380:
381: static int is_not_zero(const uint8_t *sector, int len)
382: {
383: int i;
384: len >>= 2;
385: for(i = 0;i < len; i++) {
386: if (((uint32_t *)sector)[i] != 0)
387: return 1;
388: }
389: return 0;
390: }
391:
392: static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
393: {
394: int v, i;
395:
396: if (n <= 0) {
397: *pnum = 0;
398: return 0;
399: }
400: v = is_not_zero(buf, 512);
401: for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
402: buf += 512;
403: if (v != is_not_zero(buf, 512))
404: break;
405: }
406: *pnum = i;
407: return v;
408: }
409:
410: #define IO_BUF_SIZE 65536
411:
412: static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
413: {
414: int c, ret, n, n1, compress, cluster_size, cluster_sectors, encrypt;
415: const char *filename, *fmt, *out_fmt, *out_filename;
416: BlockDriver *drv;
417: BlockDriverState *bs, *out_bs;
418: int64_t total_sectors, nb_sectors, sector_num;
419: uint8_t buf[IO_BUF_SIZE];
420: const uint8_t *buf1;
1.1.1.3 ! root 421: BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1.1 root 422:
423: fmt = NULL;
424: out_fmt = "raw";
425: compress = 0;
426: encrypt = 0;
427: for(;;) {
428: c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:O:hce");
429: if (c == -1)
430: break;
431: switch(c) {
432: case 'h':
433: help();
434: break;
435: case 'f':
436: fmt = optarg;
437: break;
438: case 'O':
439: out_fmt = optarg;
440: break;
441: case 'c':
442: compress = 1;
443: break;
444: case 'e':
445: encrypt = 1;
446: break;
447: }
448: }
449: if (optind >= argc)
450: help();
451: filename = argv[optind++];
452: if (optind >= argc)
453: help();
454: out_filename = argv[optind++];
455:
456: bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt);
457:
458: drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
459: if (!drv)
460: error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
1.1.1.3 ! root 461: if (compress && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2)
1.1 root 462: error("Compression not supported for this file format");
1.1.1.3 ! root 463: if (encrypt && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2)
1.1 root 464: error("Encryption not supported for this file format");
465: if (compress && encrypt)
466: error("Compression and encryption not supported at the same time");
467: bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &total_sectors);
468: ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, total_sectors, NULL, encrypt);
469: if (ret < 0) {
470: if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
471: error("Formatting not supported for file format '%s'", fmt);
472: } else {
473: error("Error while formatting '%s'", out_filename);
474: }
475: }
476:
477: out_bs = bdrv_new_open(out_filename, out_fmt);
478:
479: if (compress) {
1.1.1.3 ! root 480: if (bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi) < 0)
! 481: error("could not get block driver info");
! 482: cluster_size = bdi.cluster_size;
1.1 root 483: if (cluster_size <= 0 || cluster_size > IO_BUF_SIZE)
484: error("invalid cluster size");
485: cluster_sectors = cluster_size >> 9;
486: sector_num = 0;
487: for(;;) {
488: nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num;
489: if (nb_sectors <= 0)
490: break;
491: if (nb_sectors >= cluster_sectors)
492: n = cluster_sectors;
493: else
494: n = nb_sectors;
495: if (bdrv_read(bs, sector_num, buf, n) < 0)
496: error("error while reading");
497: if (n < cluster_sectors)
498: memset(buf + n * 512, 0, cluster_size - n * 512);
499: if (is_not_zero(buf, cluster_size)) {
1.1.1.3 ! root 500: if (bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, sector_num, buf,
! 501: cluster_sectors) != 0)
1.1.1.2 root 502: error("error while compressing sector %" PRId64,
503: sector_num);
1.1 root 504: }
505: sector_num += n;
506: }
1.1.1.3 ! root 507: /* signal EOF to align */
! 508: bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, 0, NULL, 0);
1.1 root 509: } else {
510: sector_num = 0;
511: for(;;) {
512: nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num;
513: if (nb_sectors <= 0)
514: break;
515: if (nb_sectors >= (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512))
516: n = (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512);
517: else
518: n = nb_sectors;
519: if (bdrv_read(bs, sector_num, buf, n) < 0)
520: error("error while reading");
521: /* NOTE: at the same time we convert, we do not write zero
522: sectors to have a chance to compress the image. Ideally, we
523: should add a specific call to have the info to go faster */
524: buf1 = buf;
525: while (n > 0) {
526: if (is_allocated_sectors(buf1, n, &n1)) {
527: if (bdrv_write(out_bs, sector_num, buf1, n1) < 0)
528: error("error while writing");
529: }
530: sector_num += n1;
531: n -= n1;
532: buf1 += n1 * 512;
533: }
534: }
535: }
536: bdrv_delete(out_bs);
537: bdrv_delete(bs);
538: return 0;
539: }
540:
541: #ifdef _WIN32
542: static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename)
543: {
1.1.1.2 root 544: typedef DWORD (WINAPI * get_compressed_t)(const char *filename, DWORD *high);
545: get_compressed_t get_compressed;
1.1 root 546: struct _stati64 st;
1.1.1.2 root 547:
548: /* WinNT support GetCompressedFileSize to determine allocate size */
549: get_compressed = (get_compressed_t) GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("kernel32"), "GetCompressedFileSizeA");
550: if (get_compressed) {
551: DWORD high, low;
552: low = get_compressed(filename, &high);
553: if (low != 0xFFFFFFFFlu || GetLastError() == NO_ERROR)
554: return (((int64_t) high) << 32) + low;
555: }
556:
1.1 root 557: if (_stati64(filename, &st) < 0)
558: return -1;
559: return st.st_size;
560: }
561: #else
562: static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename)
563: {
564: struct stat st;
565: if (stat(filename, &st) < 0)
566: return -1;
567: return (int64_t)st.st_blocks * 512;
568: }
569: #endif
570:
1.1.1.3 ! root 571: static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState *bs)
! 572: {
! 573: QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_tab, *sn;
! 574: int nb_sns, i;
! 575: char buf[256];
! 576:
! 577: nb_sns = bdrv_snapshot_list(bs, &sn_tab);
! 578: if (nb_sns <= 0)
! 579: return;
! 580: printf("Snapshot list:\n");
! 581: printf("%s\n", bdrv_snapshot_dump(buf, sizeof(buf), NULL));
! 582: for(i = 0; i < nb_sns; i++) {
! 583: sn = &sn_tab[i];
! 584: printf("%s\n", bdrv_snapshot_dump(buf, sizeof(buf), sn));
! 585: }
! 586: qemu_free(sn_tab);
! 587: }
! 588:
1.1 root 589: static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
590: {
591: int c;
592: const char *filename, *fmt;
593: BlockDriver *drv;
594: BlockDriverState *bs;
595: char fmt_name[128], size_buf[128], dsize_buf[128];
596: int64_t total_sectors, allocated_size;
1.1.1.3 ! root 597: char backing_filename[1024];
! 598: char backing_filename2[1024];
! 599: BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1.1 root 600:
601: fmt = NULL;
602: for(;;) {
603: c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:h");
604: if (c == -1)
605: break;
606: switch(c) {
607: case 'h':
608: help();
609: break;
610: case 'f':
611: fmt = optarg;
612: break;
613: }
614: }
615: if (optind >= argc)
616: help();
617: filename = argv[optind++];
618:
619: bs = bdrv_new("");
620: if (!bs)
621: error("Not enough memory");
622: if (fmt) {
623: drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
624: if (!drv)
625: error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
626: } else {
627: drv = NULL;
628: }
629: if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
630: error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
631: }
632: bdrv_get_format(bs, fmt_name, sizeof(fmt_name));
633: bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &total_sectors);
634: get_human_readable_size(size_buf, sizeof(size_buf), total_sectors * 512);
635: allocated_size = get_allocated_file_size(filename);
636: if (allocated_size < 0)
637: sprintf(dsize_buf, "unavailable");
638: else
639: get_human_readable_size(dsize_buf, sizeof(dsize_buf),
640: allocated_size);
641: printf("image: %s\n"
642: "file format: %s\n"
1.1.1.2 root 643: "virtual size: %s (%" PRId64 " bytes)\n"
1.1 root 644: "disk size: %s\n",
645: filename, fmt_name, size_buf,
1.1.1.2 root 646: (total_sectors * 512),
1.1 root 647: dsize_buf);
648: if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs))
649: printf("encrypted: yes\n");
1.1.1.3 ! root 650: if (bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi) >= 0) {
! 651: if (bdi.cluster_size != 0)
! 652: printf("cluster_size: %d\n", bdi.cluster_size);
! 653: }
! 654: bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_filename, sizeof(backing_filename));
! 655: if (backing_filename[0] != '\0') {
! 656: path_combine(backing_filename2, sizeof(backing_filename2),
! 657: filename, backing_filename);
! 658: printf("backing file: %s (actual path: %s)\n",
! 659: backing_filename,
! 660: backing_filename2);
! 661: }
! 662: dump_snapshots(bs);
1.1 root 663: bdrv_delete(bs);
664: return 0;
665: }
666:
667: int main(int argc, char **argv)
668: {
669: const char *cmd;
670:
671: bdrv_init();
672: if (argc < 2)
673: help();
674: cmd = argv[1];
675: optind++;
676: if (!strcmp(cmd, "create")) {
677: img_create(argc, argv);
678: } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "commit")) {
679: img_commit(argc, argv);
680: } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "convert")) {
681: img_convert(argc, argv);
682: } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "info")) {
683: img_info(argc, argv);
684: } else {
685: help();
686: }
687: return 0;
688: }
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