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1.1 root 1: /*
2: * Linux/i386 loader
3: * Supports bzImage, zImage and Image format.
4: *
5: * Based on work by Steve Gehlbach.
6: * Portions are taken from mkelfImage.
7: *
8: * 2003-09 by SONE Takeshi
9: */
10:
11: #include "config.h"
12: #include "kernel/kernel.h"
13: #include "libopenbios/bindings.h"
14: #include "libopenbios/sys_info.h"
15: #include "context.h"
16: #include "libc/diskio.h"
17: #include "boot.h"
18:
19: #define printf printk
20: #define debug printk
21: #define strtoull_with_suffix strtol
22:
23: #define LINUX_PARAM_LOC 0x90000
24: #define COMMAND_LINE_LOC 0x91000
25: #define GDT_LOC 0x92000
26: #define STACK_LOC 0x93000
27:
28: #define E820MAX 32 /* number of entries in E820MAP */
29: struct e820entry {
30: unsigned long long addr; /* start of memory segment */
31: unsigned long long size; /* size of memory segment */
32: unsigned long type; /* type of memory segment */
33: #define E820_RAM 1
34: #define E820_RESERVED 2
35: #define E820_ACPI 3 /* usable as RAM once ACPI tables have been read */
36: #define E820_NVS 4
37: };
38:
39: /* The header of Linux/i386 kernel */
40: struct linux_header {
41: uint8_t reserved1[0x1f1]; /* 0x000 */
42: uint8_t setup_sects; /* 0x1f1 */
43: uint16_t root_flags; /* 0x1f2 */
44: uint8_t reserved2[6]; /* 0x1f4 */
45: uint16_t vid_mode; /* 0x1fa */
46: uint16_t root_dev; /* 0x1fc */
47: uint16_t boot_sector_magic; /* 0x1fe */
48: /* 2.00+ */
49: uint8_t reserved3[2]; /* 0x200 */
50: uint8_t header_magic[4]; /* 0x202 */
51: uint16_t protocol_version; /* 0x206 */
52: uint32_t realmode_swtch; /* 0x208 */
53: uint16_t start_sys; /* 0x20c */
54: uint16_t kver_addr; /* 0x20e */
55: uint8_t type_of_loader; /* 0x210 */
56: uint8_t loadflags; /* 0x211 */
57: uint16_t setup_move_size; /* 0x212 */
58: uint32_t code32_start; /* 0x214 */
59: uint32_t ramdisk_image; /* 0x218 */
60: uint32_t ramdisk_size; /* 0x21c */
61: uint8_t reserved4[4]; /* 0x220 */
62: /* 2.01+ */
63: uint16_t heap_end_ptr; /* 0x224 */
64: uint8_t reserved5[2]; /* 0x226 */
65: /* 2.02+ */
66: uint32_t cmd_line_ptr; /* 0x228 */
67: /* 2.03+ */
68: uint32_t initrd_addr_max; /* 0x22c */
69: } __attribute__ ((packed));
70:
71:
72: /* Paramters passed to 32-bit part of Linux
73: * This is another view of the structure above.. */
74: struct linux_params {
75: uint8_t orig_x; /* 0x00 */
76: uint8_t orig_y; /* 0x01 */
77: uint16_t ext_mem_k; /* 0x02 -- EXT_MEM_K sits here */
78: uint16_t orig_video_page; /* 0x04 */
79: uint8_t orig_video_mode; /* 0x06 */
80: uint8_t orig_video_cols; /* 0x07 */
81: uint16_t unused2; /* 0x08 */
82: uint16_t orig_video_ega_bx; /* 0x0a */
83: uint16_t unused3; /* 0x0c */
84: uint8_t orig_video_lines; /* 0x0e */
85: uint8_t orig_video_isVGA; /* 0x0f */
86: uint16_t orig_video_points; /* 0x10 */
87:
88: /* VESA graphic mode -- linear frame buffer */
89: uint16_t lfb_width; /* 0x12 */
90: uint16_t lfb_height; /* 0x14 */
91: uint16_t lfb_depth; /* 0x16 */
92: uint32_t lfb_base; /* 0x18 */
93: uint32_t lfb_size; /* 0x1c */
94: uint16_t cl_magic; /* 0x20 */
95: #define CL_MAGIC_VALUE 0xA33F
96: uint16_t cl_offset; /* 0x22 */
97: uint16_t lfb_linelength; /* 0x24 */
98: uint8_t red_size; /* 0x26 */
99: uint8_t red_pos; /* 0x27 */
100: uint8_t green_size; /* 0x28 */
101: uint8_t green_pos; /* 0x29 */
102: uint8_t blue_size; /* 0x2a */
103: uint8_t blue_pos; /* 0x2b */
104: uint8_t rsvd_size; /* 0x2c */
105: uint8_t rsvd_pos; /* 0x2d */
106: uint16_t vesapm_seg; /* 0x2e */
107: uint16_t vesapm_off; /* 0x30 */
108: uint16_t pages; /* 0x32 */
109: uint8_t reserved4[12]; /* 0x34 -- 0x3f reserved for future expansion */
110:
111: //struct apm_bios_info apm_bios_info; /* 0x40 */
112: uint8_t apm_bios_info[0x40];
113: //struct drive_info_struct drive_info; /* 0x80 */
114: uint8_t drive_info[0x20];
115: //struct sys_desc_table sys_desc_table; /* 0xa0 */
116: uint8_t sys_desc_table[0x140];
117: uint32_t alt_mem_k; /* 0x1e0 */
118: uint8_t reserved5[4]; /* 0x1e4 */
119: uint8_t e820_map_nr; /* 0x1e8 */
120: uint8_t reserved6[9]; /* 0x1e9 */
121: uint16_t mount_root_rdonly; /* 0x1f2 */
122: uint8_t reserved7[4]; /* 0x1f4 */
123: uint16_t ramdisk_flags; /* 0x1f8 */
124: #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
125: #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
126: #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
127: uint8_t reserved8[2]; /* 0x1fa */
128: uint16_t orig_root_dev; /* 0x1fc */
129: uint8_t reserved9[1]; /* 0x1fe */
130: uint8_t aux_device_info; /* 0x1ff */
131: uint8_t reserved10[2]; /* 0x200 */
132: uint8_t param_block_signature[4]; /* 0x202 */
133: uint16_t param_block_version; /* 0x206 */
134: uint8_t reserved11[8]; /* 0x208 */
135: uint8_t loader_type; /* 0x210 */
136: #define LOADER_TYPE_LOADLIN 1
137: #define LOADER_TYPE_BOOTSECT_LOADER 2
138: #define LOADER_TYPE_SYSLINUX 3
139: #define LOADER_TYPE_ETHERBOOT 4
140: #define LOADER_TYPE_KERNEL 5
141: uint8_t loader_flags; /* 0x211 */
142: uint8_t reserved12[2]; /* 0x212 */
143: uint32_t kernel_start; /* 0x214 */
144: uint32_t initrd_start; /* 0x218 */
145: uint32_t initrd_size; /* 0x21c */
146: uint8_t reserved12_5[8]; /* 0x220 */
147: uint32_t cmd_line_ptr; /* 0x228 */
148: uint8_t reserved13[164]; /* 0x22c */
149: struct e820entry e820_map[E820MAX]; /* 0x2d0 */
150: uint8_t reserved16[688]; /* 0x550 */
151: #define COMMAND_LINE_SIZE 256
152: /* Command line is copied here by 32-bit i386/kernel/head.S.
153: * So I will follow the boot protocol, rather than putting it
154: * directly here. --ts1 */
155: uint8_t command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE]; /* 0x800 */
156: uint8_t reserved17[1792]; /* 0x900 - 0x1000 */
157: };
158:
159: static uint64_t forced_memsize;
160: static int fd;
161:
162: static unsigned long file_size(void)
163: {
164: long long fpos, fsize;
165:
166: /* Save current position */
167: fpos = tell(fd);
168:
169: /* Go to end of file and get position */
170: seek_io(fd, -1);
171: fsize = tell(fd);
172:
173: /* Go back to old position */
174: seek_io(fd, 0);
175: seek_io(fd, fpos);
176:
177: return fsize;
178: }
179:
180: /* Load the first part the file and check if it's Linux */
181: static uint32_t load_linux_header(struct linux_header *hdr)
182: {
183: int load_high;
184: uint32_t kern_addr;
185:
186: if (read_io(fd, hdr, sizeof *hdr) != sizeof *hdr) {
187: debug("Can't read Linux header\n");
188: return 0;
189: }
190: if (hdr->boot_sector_magic != 0xaa55) {
191: debug("Not a Linux kernel image\n");
192: return 0;
193: }
194:
195: /* Linux is found. Print some information */
196: if (memcmp(hdr->header_magic, "HdrS", 4) != 0) {
197: /* This may be floppy disk image or something.
198: * Perform a simple (incomplete) sanity check. */
199: if (hdr->setup_sects >= 16
200: || file_size() - (hdr->setup_sects<<9) >= 512<<10) {
201: debug("This looks like a bootdisk image but not like Linux...\n");
202: return 0;
203: }
204:
205: printf("Possible very old Linux");
206: /* This kernel does not even have a protocol version.
207: * Force the value. */
208: hdr->protocol_version = 0; /* pre-2.00 */
209: } else
210: printf("Found Linux");
211: if (hdr->protocol_version >= 0x200 && hdr->kver_addr) {
212: char kver[256];
213: seek_io(fd, hdr->kver_addr + 0x200);
214: if (read_io(fd, kver, sizeof kver) != 0) {
215: kver[255] = 0;
216: printf(" version %s", kver);
217: }
218: }
219: debug(" (protocol %#x)", hdr->protocol_version);
220: load_high = 0;
221: if (hdr->protocol_version >= 0x200) {
222: debug(" (loadflags %#x)", hdr->loadflags);
223: load_high = hdr->loadflags & 1;
224: }
225: if (load_high) {
226: printf(" bzImage");
227: kern_addr = 0x100000;
228: } else {
229: printf(" zImage or Image");
230: kern_addr = 0x1000;
231: }
232: printf(".\n");
233:
234: return kern_addr;
235: }
236:
237: /* Set up parameters for 32-bit kernel */
238: static void
239: init_linux_params(struct linux_params *params, struct linux_header *hdr)
240: {
241: debug("Setting up paramters at %#lx\n", virt_to_phys(params));
242: memset(params, 0, sizeof *params);
243:
244: /* Copy some useful values from header */
245: params->mount_root_rdonly = hdr->root_flags;
246: params->orig_root_dev = hdr->root_dev;
247:
248: /* Video parameters.
249: * This assumes we have VGA in standard 80x25 text mode,
250: * just like our vga.c does.
251: * Cursor position is filled later to allow some more printf's. */
252: params->orig_video_mode = 3;
253: params->orig_video_cols = 80;
254: params->orig_video_lines = 25;
255: params->orig_video_isVGA = 1;
256: params->orig_video_points = 16;
257:
258: params->loader_type = 0xff; /* Unregistered Linux loader */
259: }
260:
261: /* Memory map */
262: static void
263: set_memory_size(struct linux_params *params, struct sys_info *info)
264: {
265: int i;
266: uint64_t end;
267: uint32_t ramtop = 0;
268: struct e820entry *linux_map;
269: struct memrange *filo_map;
270:
271: linux_map = params->e820_map;
272: filo_map = info->memrange;
273: for (i = 0; i < info->n_memranges; i++, linux_map++, filo_map++) {
274: if (i < E820MAX) {
275: /* Convert to BIOS e820 style */
276: linux_map->addr = filo_map->base;
277: linux_map->size = filo_map->size;
278: linux_map->type = E820_RAM;
279: debug("%016Lx - %016Lx\n", linux_map->addr,
280: linux_map->addr + linux_map->size);
281: params->e820_map_nr = i+1;
282: }
283:
284: /* Find out top of RAM. XXX This ignores hole above 1MB */
285: end = filo_map->base + filo_map->size;
286: if (end < (1ULL << 32)) { /* don't count memory above 4GB */
287: if (end > ramtop)
288: ramtop = (uint32_t) end;
289: }
290: }
291: debug("ramtop=%#x\n", ramtop);
292: /* Size of memory above 1MB in KB */
293: params->alt_mem_k = (ramtop - (1<<20)) >> 10;
294: /* old style, 64MB max */
295: if (ramtop >= (64<<20))
296: params->ext_mem_k = (63<<10);
297: else
298: params->ext_mem_k = params->alt_mem_k;
299: debug("ext_mem_k=%d, alt_mem_k=%d\n", params->ext_mem_k, params->alt_mem_k);
300: }
301:
302: /*
303: * Parse command line
304: * Some parameters, like initrd=<file>, are not passed to kernel,
305: * we are responsible to process them.
306: * Parameters for kernel are copied to kern_cmdline. Returns name of initrd.
307: */
308: static char *parse_command_line(const char *orig_cmdline, char *kern_cmdline)
309: {
310: const char *start, *sep, *end, *val;
311: char name[64];
312: unsigned long len;
313: int k_len;
314: int to_kern;
315: char *initrd = NULL;
316: int toolong = 0;
317:
318: forced_memsize = 0;
319:
320: if (!orig_cmdline) {
321: *kern_cmdline = '\0';
322: return NULL;
323: }
324:
325: k_len = 0;
326: debug("original command line: \"%s\"\n", orig_cmdline);
327: debug("kernel command line at %#lx\n", virt_to_phys(kern_cmdline));
328:
329: start = orig_cmdline;
330: while (*start == ' ')
331: start++;
332: while (*start) {
333: end = strchr(start, ' ');
334: if (!end)
335: end = start + strlen(start);
336: sep = strchr(start, '=');
337: if (!sep || sep > end)
338: sep = end;
339: len = sep - start;
340: if (len >= sizeof(name))
341: len = sizeof(name) - 1;
342: memcpy(name, start, len);
343: name[len] = 0;
344:
345: if (*sep == '=') {
346: val = sep + 1;
347: len = end - val;
348: } else {
349: val = NULL;
350: len = 0;
351: }
352:
353: /* Only initrd= and mem= are handled here. vga= is not,
354: * which I believe is a paramter to the realmode part of Linux,
355: * which we don't execute. */
356: if (strcmp(name, "initrd") == 0) {
357: if (!val)
358: printf("Missing filename to initrd parameter\n");
359: else {
360: initrd = malloc(len + 1);
361: memcpy(initrd, val, len);
362: initrd[len] = 0;
363: debug("initrd=%s\n", initrd);
364: }
365: /* Don't pass this to kernel */
366: to_kern = 0;
367: } else if (strcmp(name, "mem") == 0) {
368: if (!val)
369: printf("Missing value for mem parameter\n");
370: else {
371: forced_memsize = strtoull_with_suffix(val, (char**)&val, 0);
372: if (forced_memsize == 0)
373: printf("Invalid mem option, ignored\n");
374: if (val != end) {
375: printf("Garbage after mem=<size>, ignored\n");
376: forced_memsize = 0;
377: }
378: debug("mem=%Lu\n", forced_memsize);
379: }
380: /* mem= is for both loader and kernel */
381: to_kern = 1;
382: } else
383: to_kern = 1;
384:
385: if (to_kern) {
386: /* Copy to kernel command line buffer */
387: if (k_len != 0)
388: kern_cmdline[k_len++] = ' '; /* put separator */
389: len = end - start;
390: if (k_len + len >= COMMAND_LINE_SIZE) {
391: len = COMMAND_LINE_SIZE - k_len - 1;
392: if (!toolong) {
393: printf("Kernel command line is too long; truncated to "
394: "%d bytes\n", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE-1);
395: toolong = 1;
396: }
397: }
398: memcpy(kern_cmdline + k_len, start, len);
399: k_len += len;
400: }
401:
402: start = end;
403: while (*start == ' ')
404: start++;
405: }
406: kern_cmdline[k_len] = 0;
407: debug("kernel command line (%d bytes): \"%s\"\n", k_len, kern_cmdline);
408:
409: return initrd;
410: }
411:
412: /* Set command line location */
413: static void set_command_line_loc(struct linux_params *params,
414: struct linux_header *hdr)
415: {
416: if (hdr->protocol_version >= 0x202) {
417: /* new style */
418: params->cmd_line_ptr = COMMAND_LINE_LOC;
419: } else {
420: /* old style */
421: params->cl_magic = CL_MAGIC_VALUE;
422: params->cl_offset = COMMAND_LINE_LOC - LINUX_PARAM_LOC;
423: }
424: }
425:
426: /* Load 32-bit part of kernel */
427: static int load_linux_kernel(struct linux_header *hdr, uint32_t kern_addr)
428: {
429: uint32_t kern_offset, kern_size;
430:
431: if (hdr->setup_sects == 0)
432: hdr->setup_sects = 4;
433: kern_offset = (hdr->setup_sects + 1) * 512;
434: seek_io(fd, kern_offset);
435: kern_size = file_size() - kern_offset;
436: debug("offset=%#x addr=%#x size=%#x\n", kern_offset, kern_addr, kern_size);
437:
438: #if 0
439: if (using_devsize) {
440: printf("Attempt to load up to end of device as kernel; "
441: "specify the image size\n");
442: return 0;
443: }
444: #endif
445:
446: printf("Loading kernel... ");
447: if ((uint32_t)read_io(fd, phys_to_virt(kern_addr), kern_size) != kern_size) {
448: printf("Can't read kernel\n");
449: return 0;
450: }
451: printf("ok\n");
452:
453: return kern_size;
454: }
455:
456: static int load_initrd(struct linux_header *hdr, uint32_t kern_end,
457: struct linux_params *params, const char *initrd_file)
458: {
459: uint32_t max;
460: uint32_t start, end, size;
461: uint64_t forced;
462:
463: fd = open_io(initrd_file);
464: if (fd == -1) {
465: printf("Can't open initrd: %s\n", initrd_file);
466: return -1;
467: }
468:
469: #if 0
470: if (using_devsize) {
471: printf("Attempt to load up to end of device as initrd; "
472: "specify the image size\n");
473: return -1;
474: }
475: #endif
476:
477: size = file_size();
478:
479:
480: /* Find out the kernel's restriction on how high the initrd can be
481: * placed */
482: if (hdr->protocol_version >= 0x203)
483: max = hdr->initrd_addr_max;
484: else
485: max = 0x38000000; /* Hardcoded value for older kernels */
486:
487: /* FILO itself is at the top of RAM. (relocated)
488: * So, try putting initrd just below us. */
489: end = virt_to_phys(_start);
490: if (end > max)
491: end = max;
492:
493: /* If "mem=" option is given, we have to put the initrd within
494: * the specified range. */
495: if (forced_memsize) {
496: forced = forced_memsize;
497: if (forced > max)
498: forced = max;
499: /* If the "mem=" is lower, it's easy */
500: if (forced <= end)
501: end = forced;
502: else {
503: /* Otherwise, see if we can put it above us */
504: if (virt_to_phys(_end) + size <= forced)
505: end = forced; /* Ok */
506: }
507: }
508:
509: start = end - size;
510: start &= ~0xfff; /* page align */
511: end = start + size;
512:
513: debug("start=%#x end=%#x\n", start, end);
514:
515: if (start < kern_end) {
516: printf("Initrd is too big to fit in memory\n");
517: return -1;
518: }
519:
520: printf("Loading initrd... ");
521: if ((uint32_t)read_io(fd, phys_to_virt(start), size) != size) {
522: printf("Can't read initrd\n");
523: return -1;
524: }
525: printf("ok\n");
526:
527: params->initrd_start = start;
528: params->initrd_size = size;
529:
530: close_io(fd);
531:
532: return 0;
533: }
534:
535: static void hardware_setup(void)
536: {
537: /* Disable nmi */
538: outb(0x80, 0x70);
539:
540: /* Make sure any coprocessor is properly reset.. */
541: outb(0, 0xf0);
542: outb(0, 0xf1);
543:
544: /* we're getting screwed again and again by this problem of the 8259.
545: * so we're going to leave this lying around for inclusion into
546: * crt0.S on an as-needed basis.
547: *
548: * well, that went ok, I hope. Now we have to reprogram the interrupts :-(
549: * we put them right after the intel-reserved hardware interrupts, at
550: * int 0x20-0x2F. There they won't mess up anything. Sadly IBM really
551: * messed this up with the original PC, and they haven't been able to
552: * rectify it afterwards. Thus the bios puts interrupts at 0x08-0x0f,
553: * which is used for the internal hardware interrupts as well. We just
554: * have to reprogram the 8259's, and it isn't fun.
555: */
556:
557: outb(0x11, 0x20); /* initialization sequence to 8259A-1 */
558: outb(0x11, 0xA0); /* and to 8259A-2 */
559:
560: outb(0x20, 0x21); /* start of hardware int's (0x20) */
561: outb(0x28, 0xA1); /* start of hardware int's 2 (0x28) */
562:
563: outb(0x04, 0x21); /* 8259-1 is master */
564: outb(0x02, 0xA1); /* 8259-2 is slave */
565:
566: outb(0x01, 0x21); /* 8086 mode for both */
567: outb(0x01, 0xA1);
568:
569: outb(0xFF, 0xA1); /* mask off all interrupts for now */
570: outb(0xFB, 0x21); /* mask all irq's but irq2 which is cascaded */
571: }
572:
573: /* Start Linux */
574: static int start_linux(uint32_t kern_addr)
575: {
576: struct context *ctx;
577: //extern int cursor_x, cursor_y;
578:
579: ctx = init_context(phys_to_virt(STACK_LOC), 4096, 0);
580:
581: /* Entry point */
582: ctx->pc = kern_addr;
583: ctx->npc = kern_addr + 4;
584:
585: debug("pc=%#x\n", kern_addr);
586: printf("Jumping to entry point...\n");
587:
588: #ifdef VGA_CONSOLE
589: /* Update VGA cursor position.
590: * This must be here because the printf changes the value! */
591: params->orig_x = cursor_x;
592: params->orig_y = cursor_y;
593: #endif
594:
595: /* Go... */
596: ctx = switch_to(ctx);
597:
598: /* It's impossible but... */
599: printf("Returned with o0=%#x\n", ctx->regs[REG_O0]);
600:
601: return ctx->regs[REG_O0];
602: }
603:
604: int linux_load(struct sys_info *info, const char *file, const char *cmdline)
605: {
606: struct linux_header hdr;
607: struct linux_params *params;
608: uint32_t kern_addr, kern_size;
609: char *initrd_file = NULL;
610:
611: fd = open_io(file);
612: if (fd == -1) {
613: return -1;
614: }
615:
616: kern_addr = load_linux_header(&hdr);
617: if (kern_addr == 0) {
618: close_io(fd);
619: return LOADER_NOT_SUPPORT;
620: }
621:
622: params = phys_to_virt(LINUX_PARAM_LOC);
623: init_linux_params(params, &hdr);
624: set_memory_size(params, info);
625: initrd_file = parse_command_line(cmdline, phys_to_virt(COMMAND_LINE_LOC));
626: set_command_line_loc(params, &hdr);
627:
628: kern_size = load_linux_kernel(&hdr, kern_addr);
629: if (kern_size == 0) {
630: if (initrd_file)
631: free(initrd_file);
632: return -1;
633: }
634:
635: if (initrd_file) {
636: if (load_initrd(&hdr, kern_addr+kern_size, params, initrd_file)
637: != 0) {
638: free(initrd_file);
639: return -1;
640: }
641: free(initrd_file);
642: }
643:
644: hardware_setup();
645:
646: start_linux(kern_addr);
647: return 0;
648: }
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