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Annotation of researchv10dc/dist/man/v4/man1/ls.1, revision 1.1.1.1

1.1       root        1: .th LS I 8/20/73
                      2: .sh NAME
                      3: ls  \*-  list contents of directory
                      4: .sh SYNOPSIS
                      5: .bd ls
                      6: [
                      7: .bd \*-ltasdru
                      8: ] name ...
                      9: .sh DESCRIPTION
                     10: For each directory argument,
                     11: .it ls
                     12: lists the contents of the directory;
                     13: for each file argument,
                     14: .it ls
                     15: repeats its name and any other information requested.
                     16: The output is sorted alphabetically by default.
                     17: When no argument is given, the current directory is listed.
                     18: When several arguments are given,
                     19: the arguments are first sorted appropriately,
                     20: but file arguments appear
                     21: before directories and their contents.
                     22: There are several options:
                     23: .s3
                     24: .lp +4 4
                     25: \fB\*-l\fR     list in long format, giving mode, number of links, owner,
                     26: size in bytes, and time of last modification
                     27: for each file.
                     28: (See below.)
                     29: .s3
                     30: .lp +4 4
                     31: \fB\*-t\fR     sort by time modified (latest first) instead of
                     32: by name, as is normal
                     33: .s3
                     34: .lp +4 4
                     35: \fB\*-a\fR     list all entries; usually those beginning with `\fB.\fR' are
                     36: suppressed
                     37: .s3
                     38: .lp +4 4
                     39: \fB\*-s\fR     give size in blocks for each entry
                     40: .s3
                     41: .lp +4 4
                     42: \fB\*-d\fR     if argument is a directory, list only its name, not
                     43: its contents (mostly used with
                     44: .bd \*-l
                     45: to get status
                     46: on directory)
                     47: .s3
                     48: .lp +4 4
                     49: \fB\*-r\fR     reverse the order of sort to get reverse alphabetic
                     50: or oldest first as appropriate
                     51: .s3
                     52: .lp +4 4
                     53: \fB\*-u\fR     use time of last access instead of last
                     54: modification for sorting (\fB\*-t\fR) or printing
                     55: (\fB\*-l\fR)
                     56: .s3
                     57: .i0
                     58: The mode printed under the
                     59: .bd \*-l
                     60: option contains 10 characters
                     61: which are interpreted
                     62: as follows:
                     63: the first character is
                     64: .s3
                     65: .lp +3 3
                     66: \fBd\fR        if the entry is a directory;
                     67: .lp +3 3
                     68: \fBb\fR        if the entry is a block-type special file;
                     69: .lp +3 3
                     70: \fBc\fR        if the entry is a character-type special file;
                     71: .lp +3 3
                     72: \fB\*-\fR      if the entry is a plain file.
                     73: .s3
                     74: .i0
                     75: The next 9 characters are interpreted
                     76: as three sets of three bits each.
                     77: The first set refers to owner permissions;
                     78: the next to permissions to others in the same user-group;
                     79: and the last to all others.
                     80: Within each set the three characters indicate
                     81: permission respectively to read, to write, or to
                     82: execute the file as a program.
                     83: For a directory, `execute' permission is interpreted
                     84: to mean permission to search the directory
                     85: for a specified file.
                     86: The permissions are indicated as follows:
                     87: .s3
                     88: .lp +3 3
                     89: \fBr\fR        if the file is readable
                     90: .lp +3 3
                     91: \fBw\fR        if the file is writable
                     92: .lp +3 3
                     93: \fBx\fR        if the file is executable
                     94: .lp +3 3
                     95: \fB\*-\fR      if the indicated permission is not granted
                     96: .s3
                     97: .i0
                     98: Finally, the group-execute permission character is given
                     99: as
                    100: .bd s
                    101: if the file has set-group-ID mode;
                    102: likewise the user-execute permission character is given
                    103: as
                    104: .bd s
                    105: if the file has set-user-ID mode.
                    106: .sh FILES
                    107: /etc/passwd to get user ID's for
                    108: \fBls \*-l\fR.
                    109: .sh BUGS

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