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Annotation of researchv10dc/dist/man/v4/man7/init.7, revision 1.1.1.1

1.1       root        1: .th INIT VII 6/15/72
                      2: .sh NAME
                      3: init  \*-  process control initialization
                      4: .sh SYNOPSIS
                      5: .bd /etc/init
                      6: .sh DESCRIPTION
                      7: .it Init
                      8: is invoked inside UNIX as the last step in the boot procedure.
                      9: Generally its role is to create a process for each
                     10: typewriter on which a user may log in.
                     11: .s3
                     12: First,
                     13: .it init
                     14: checks
                     15: to see if the console switches contain 173030.
                     16: (This number is likely to vary between
                     17: systems.)
                     18: If so, the console typewriter \fItty\fR is opened for reading
                     19: and writing and the shell is invoked immediately.
                     20: This feature is used to bring up a single-user system.
                     21: When the system is brought up in this way, the
                     22: .it getty
                     23: and
                     24: .it login
                     25: routines mentioned below and described elsewhere are not needed.
                     26: .s3
                     27: Otherwise, \fIinit\fR
                     28: invokes a Shell, with input taken from the
                     29: file
                     30: .it /etc/rc.
                     31: This command file
                     32: performs housekeeping
                     33: like removing temporary files,
                     34: mounting file systems, and starting the data-phone
                     35: daemon.
                     36: .s3
                     37: Then
                     38: .it init
                     39: forks several times to create a process
                     40: for each typewriter mentioned in an internal table.
                     41: Each of these processes opens the appropriate typewriter
                     42: for reading and writing.  These channels thus
                     43: receive file descriptors 0 and 1, the standard input and
                     44: output.
                     45: Opening the typewriter will usually involve a delay,
                     46: since the \fIopen\fR is not completed until someone
                     47: is dialled up and carrier established on the channel.
                     48: Then the process executes the program
                     49: .it /etc/getty
                     50: (q.v.).
                     51: .it Getty
                     52: will read the user's name and invoke
                     53: .it login
                     54: (q.v.)
                     55: to log in the user and execute the shell.
                     56: .s3
                     57: Ultimately the shell will terminate
                     58: because of an end-of-file either
                     59: typed explicitly or generated as a result of hanging up.
                     60: The main path of \fIinit\fR, which has been waiting
                     61: for such an event,
                     62: wakes up and removes the appropriate entry from the
                     63: file \fIutmp\fR, which records current users, and
                     64: makes an entry in \fIwtmp\fR, which maintains a history
                     65: of logins and logouts.
                     66: Then the appropriate typewriter is reopened and
                     67: .it getty
                     68: is
                     69: reinvoked.
                     70: .sh FILES
                     71: /dev/tty, /dev/tty?, /tmp/utmp, /tmp/wtmp,
                     72: .sh "SEE ALSO"
                     73: login(I), getty(VII), sh(I)

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