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1.1     ! root        1: From research!mtune!rutgers!SH.CS.NET!cic Wed Sep 30 03:04:56 1987
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        !             3:        id AA01141; 30 Sep 87 03:04:56 EDT (Wed)
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        !             5:        id AA19189; Tue, 29 Sep 87 18:16:00 EDT
        !             6: Message-Id: <[email protected]>
        !             7: Received: by SH.CS.NET id ad10308; 29 Sep 87 15:25 EDT
        !             8: Date: Tue, 29 Sep 87 14:24:44 EDT
        !             9: Subject: adr-3 Other Networks
        !            10: Reply-To: rutgers!SH.CS.NET!cic
        !            11: From: CSNET INFO SERVER <rutgers!SH.CS.NET!info>
        !            12: To: [email protected]
        !            13: 
        !            14: Request: info
        !            15: Topic: adr-3                                       
        !            16: Document Updated: 26 May 87
        !            17: Subject: Addresses for the Internet, CSNET and Other Networks
        !            18: ==============================================================================
        !            19: CSNET Coordination and Information Center (CIC)         Hotline: 617/497-2777
        !            20: 10 Moulton Street                                        Email:  [email protected]
        !            21: Cambridge, MA 02238             Info-Server requests to: [email protected]
        !            22: ==============================================================================
        !            23: 
        !            24:         ADDRESSES FOR THE INTERNET, CSNET AND OTHER NETWORKS           Line 1
        !            25: 
        !            26:                                 Contents
        !            27:                                                                 Line
        !            28:         INTRODUCTION............................................   13
        !            29:        RFC822 ADDRESSES AND DOMAINS............................   32
        !            30:        RFC733 ADDRESSES........................................   94
        !            31:         SENDING MAIL ON AN "822" (DOMAIN-STYLE) HOST ...........  109
        !            32:         SENDING MAIL ON A "733" (NON-DOMAIN)  HOST..............  224
        !            33:        REFERENCES..............................................  276
        !            34: 
        !            35: 
        !            36: INTRODUCTION
        !            37: 
        !            38: Here is a summary of the current information at the CSNET Coordination
        !            39: and Information Center (CIC) about addresses for CSNET PhoneNet users.
        !            40: Networks covered are DARPA Internet (CSNET X25Net, Arpanet, Milnet,
        !            41: etc.), CSNET PhoneNet, Australia, Bell Labs, BITNET, Canada, DEC ENET,
        !            42: France, MAILNET, UUCP, UK, and Xerox.
        !            43: 
        !            44: Please note that the use of the DARPA Internet is restricted to
        !            45: authorized individuals and is regulated by the Defense Communications
        !            46: Agency.  (See info-4 in REFERENCES).
        !            47: 
        !            48: Send corrections and additions to the CIC Service Host (which is on the
        !            49: Internet):
        !            50: 
        !            51:        [email protected]           RFC822 new domain-style address
        !            52:        [email protected]       RFC822 "arpa"-style address
        !            53:        cic@csnet-sh            RFC733 address
        !            54: 
        !            55: 
        !            56: RFC822 ADDRESSES AND DOMAINS
        !            57: 
        !            58: All Internet hosts use RFC822-style addresses.  Broadly speaking, this
        !            59: means that they can handle addresses that contain dots ("."s) to the right
        !            60: of the "@".
        !            61: 
        !            62: The Internet is currently in the process of changing to a "domain"
        !            63: system of mail addresses.  During the transition, the Internet hosts
        !            64: that have not yet adopted new domain-style names are given the temporary
        !            65: top (rightmost) domain ".arpa".  Almost all Internet hosts that are not
        !            66: brand-new and that have registered for new domain-style names also
        !            67: retain ".arpa" names as aliases.
        !            68: 
        !            69: A domain name, unlike the older forms of addresses, is a simply a name.
        !            70: A domain does not include information about the route that a message
        !            71: must travel in order to reach its destination.  This information must be
        !            72: supplied in some other way.  The two methods now in use are (1) host
        !            73: tables, such as the "hosts.txt" table supplied by the Internet Network
        !            74: Information Center (NIC), and (2) domain servers, which can be used only
        !            75: on Internet hosts because they must interact with domain servers on
        !            76: other hosts.
        !            77: 
        !            78: In the domain system, the most general form of address can be
        !            79: represented as:
        !            80: 
        !            81:     local-part@domain          Examples:            [email protected]
        !            82:                                                [email protected]
        !            83:                                          [email protected]
        !            84:                                             dennis%[email protected]
        !            85: 
        !            86: The "local-part", to the left of the "@", may be simply the user-id, or
        !            87: it may be any form of local address that is recognized within the
        !            88: domain.  The "domain", to the right of the "@", may be a second-level
        !            89: domain (representing an organization) followed by a top-level domain, or
        !            90: it may contain several layers of subdomains.
        !            91: 
        !            92: Top-level domains represent general classes of organizations.  The top-
        !            93: level domains that have been registered by the DDN NIC for use by US 
        !            94: organizations are:
        !            95: 
        !            96:            COM  (commercial)      NET  (network administration)  
        !            97:            EDU  (educational)     ORG  (nonprofit)       
        !            98:            GOV  (government)      ARPA (Arpanet, to be   
        !            99:            MIL  (military)              phased out)                 
        !           100: 
        !           101: Top-level domains for countries are:
        !           102: 
        !           103:        AU      Australia       JP      Japan     
        !           104:        CA      Canada          KR      Republic of Korea
        !           105:         CH      Switzerland     NL     Netherlands
        !           106:        DE      West Germany    NZ      New Zealand
        !           107:        FI      Finland         SE      Sweden
        !           108:        FR      France          UK      United Kingdom
        !           109:        IL      Israel          US      United States
        !           110: 
        !           111: Not all of these domains are in use.  The top-level domain, US, for
        !           112: the United States has not yet its use defined by the DDN NIC.  In the
        !           113: future, other countries will register official top-level domains with
        !           114: the DDN NIC.
        !           115: 
        !           116: Relay.cs.net recognizes the informal domain ".csnet" for PhoneNet
        !           117: sites that have not yet registered for second-level domains.  Some
        !           118: other informal domains also recognized.  Addresses with these domains
        !           119: are always rewritten by relay.cs.net:
        !           120: 
        !           121:     BITNET                  CHUNET (Switzerland)     OZ   (OZ.AU) 
        !           122:     CDN   (Canada)          JUNET  (JAPAN)           UUCP         
        !           123: 
        !           124: Examples: 
        !           125:     [email protected]      -->  [email protected]
        !           126:     [email protected]   -->  rmxj%[email protected]
        !           127: 
        !           128: The ".csnet" informal domain is being phased out as PhoneNet hosts adopt
        !           129: domain-style names.  Many PhoneNet hosts allow users to send messages
        !           130: with the informal ".csnet" domain, and translate it to "@relay.cs.net".
        !           131: 
        !           132: Example:
        !           133:     [email protected]   -->   cheryl%[email protected]
        !           134: 
        !           135: However, it is not correct to add ".csnet" at the end of a domain-style
        !           136: address, even though the domain is a PhoneNet site.   The rule is, if 
        !           137: the address of a PhoneNet site contains a "." to the right of the "@", 
        !           138: DO NOT add ".csnet".
        !           139: 
        !           140: 
        !           141: RFC733 ADDRESSES
        !           142: 
        !           143: A few CSNET PhoneNet sites still use the RFC733 form, based on the NIC
        !           144: document RFC733:
        !           145: 
        !           146:        user@host               Example: laura@oxbridge        
        !           147: 
        !           148: For these sites, relay.cs.net does the necessary translation between 
        !           149: RFC733 and RFC822 style addresses.  (The CIC strongly urges organizations
        !           150: on CSNET PhoneNet to change to RFC822 style addresses in preparation for
        !           151: applying for second-level domain names.)
        !           152: 
        !           153: 
        !           154: ==========================================================================
        !           155: 
        !           156: SENDING MAIL ON AN "822" HOST (INTERNET OR PHONENET)
        !           157: 
        !           158: ...to and from hosts with domain-style names (including "host.arpa"):
        !           159:                          
        !           160: Internet -> PhoneNet:      user%[email protected]
        !           161: 
        !           162: Internet -> Non-US X25Net: user%[email protected]
        !           163: 
        !           164: Internet -> Internet:      user@domain                
        !           165: 
        !           166: PhoneNet -> PhoneNet:      user@domain
        !           167: 
        !           168: PhoneNet -> Non-US X25Net: user@domain
        !           169: 
        !           170: PhoneNet -> Internet:      user@domain
        !           171: 
        !           172: When the transition to the domain-style names is complete, top-level
        !           173: domains will no longer indicate the physical network.  Internet, 
        !           174: X25Net and Phonenet hosts will all be addressed as user@domain.
        !           175: 
        !           176: At the present time, not all Internet hosts are able to send messages
        !           177: correctly to hosts with domain-style names that must be routed through
        !           178: relay.cs.net or other gateways.  For this reason, although it may seem
        !           179: like a step backward, relay.cs.net rewrites domain-style PhoneNet addresses
        !           180: in the same way that it rewrites non-domain-style PhoneNet addresses:
        !           181: 
        !           182:         [email protected]   -->   joanne%[email protected]
        !           183:                [email protected]   -->   craig%[email protected]
        !           184:                janet@camford         -->   janet%[email protected]
        !           185: 
        !           186: 
        !           187: ...to and from PhoneNet hosts without domains:
        !           188: 
        !           189: Internet -> PhoneNet   user%[email protected]
        !           190: 
        !           191: Phonenet -> PhoneNet   [email protected]
        !           192: 
        !           193: 
        !           194: ...to and from other networks  
        !           195: 
        !           196: Internet -> Australia  user%[email protected]
        !           197:                         Note: See sites-11 in REFERENCES.
        !           198:                          Queries may be sent to postmaster@australia.
        !           199: 
        !           200: Australia -> InterNet  user%[email protected]
        !           201: 
        !           202: Internet -> Bell Labs  user.system%[email protected]
        !           203:                          Note: Users sufficiently close to the btl gateway
        !           204:                         can be reached as "user%[email protected]".
        !           205: 
        !           206: Bell Labs -> Internet  user@domain
        !           207: 
        !           208: Internet -> BITNET     user%[email protected]
        !           209:                         Note: See sites-5 and -6 in REFERENCES.
        !           210: 
        !           211: BITNET   -> Internet   BSMTP with "[email protected]"
        !           212:                          Note: See adr-8 in REFERENCES.  WISCVM does not 
        !           213:                          yet have access to a domain server and hence 
        !           214:                          cannot handle all domain-style names.
        !           215:                       
        !           216: Internet -> CDNnet     user%[email protected]
        !           217: 
        !           218: CDNnet   -> Internet   host%[email protected]
        !           219:                         Note: See sites-14 in REFERENCES.
        !           220:          
        !           221: Internet -> DEC ENET   [email protected]
        !           222: 
        !           223: DEC ENET -> Internet   RHEA::DECWRL::"[email protected]"
        !           224:                          for domain = ARPA, ATHENA (project at MIT),
        !           225:                          BITNET, CSNET(PhoneNet), MAILNET, and OZ
        !           226:                          (Australia), but not UUCP.
        !           227:                       
        !           228: Internet -> France     user%host.cosac%[email protected]
        !           229:                         Note: See sites-13 in REFERENCES.
        !           230: 
        !           231: Internet -> Japan      user%[email protected]
        !           232: 
        !           233: Internet -> MAILNET    user%[email protected]
        !           234: 
        !           235: MAILNET  -> Internet   user%domain@Mit-Multics
        !           236: 
        !           237: Internet -> UK        [email protected]
        !           238: 
        !           239: UK       -> Internet   user@domain
        !           240:                          Note: The UK uses a domain system that is
        !           241:                         "backwards" from the Internet form. The gateway
        !           242:                         host, cs.ucl.ac.uk (US style), also known as
        !           243:                         uk.ac.ucl.cs (UK style), translates the headers.
        !           244:                         Beware of addresses in the body of a message.
        !           245: 
        !           246: Internet -> UUCP       [email protected] or
        !           247:                       user%[email protected] 
        !           248:                          Note: "hosta" is the recipient's host.  The
        !           249:                         sender must specify a UUCP routing path
        !           250:                         between "hosta" and "hostz", a host with a
        !           251:                         direct connection to some UUCP->Internet
        !           252:                         gateway, such as "ucbvax.edu" (berkeley) or
        !           253:                         "harvard.harvard.edu".  Harvard is uses
        !           254:                         "pathalias" software to construct a UUCP
        !           255:                         routing address.  
        !           256: 
        !           257: UUCP -> Internet       hostb!...!hostz!berkeley!user@domain or
        !           258:                       hostb!...!hostz!harvard!user@domain 
        !           259:                          Note: "hostb" is the sender's nearest
        !           260:                         neighbor.  The sender must specify a UUCP
        !           261:                         routing path between "hostb" and "hostz", a
        !           262:                         host with a direct connection to some
        !           263:                         UUCP->Internet gateway, such as "berkeley" or
        !           264:                         "harvard".  Some hosts cannot parse "hybrid"
        !           265:                         addresses that contain both "!" and "@".
        !           266: 
        !           267: Internet -> VNET (IBM) [email protected]
        !           268:                           Note: In the past, ibm.com accepted addresses 
        !           269:                           of the form user%[email protected], but these are 
        !           270:                           now rejected.
        !           271: 
        !           272: Internet -> XEROX      [email protected]
        !           273:                           Note: Do not use "%" between user and registry.
        !           274:                           Some Xerox registries are "pa" and "wbst".
        !           275: 
        !           276: XEROX    -> Internet   user@domain      
        !           277:                       
        !           278: ==========================================================================
        !           279: 
        !           280: SENDING MAIL FROM A "733" PHONENET HOST
        !           281: 
        !           282: ...to hosts with new domain-style names:
        !           283:                          
        !           284: 733 PhoneNet -> PhoneNet:      user%domain@csnet-relay
        !           285: 
        !           286: 733 PhoneNet -> Non-US X25Net: user%domain@csnet-relay
        !           287: 
        !           288: 733 PhoneNet -> Internet:      user%domain@csnet-relay
        !           289: 
        !           290: 
        !           291: ...to ".arpa" hosts:
        !           292: 
        !           293: 733 PhoneNet -> Internet       user@host
        !           294:                       
        !           295: 
        !           296: ...to Phonenet hosts without domains:
        !           297: 
        !           298: 733 Phonenet -> PhoneNet       user@site
        !           299: 
        !           300: 
        !           301: ...to other networks:
        !           302: 
        !           303: 733 PhoneNet -> Australia  user%host.oz@csnet-relay 
        !           304:                             Note: See sites-11 in REFERENCES.
        !           305:                              Queries may be sent to postmaster@australia.
        !           306: 
        !           307: 733 PhoneNet -> Bell Labs  user.system%btl.csnet@csnet-relay
        !           308:                              Note: Users sufficiently close to the btl gateway
        !           309:                             can be reached as "user%btl.csnet@csnet-relay".
        !           310: 
        !           311: 733 PhoneNet -> BITNET     user%host.bitnet@wiscvm
        !           312:                             Note: See sites-5 and -6 in REFERENCES.
        !           313:                       
        !           314: 733 PhoneNet -> CDNnet     user%mta-name.cdn@csnet-relay
        !           315:                             Note: See sites-14 in REFERENCES.
        !           316:          
        !           317: 733 PhoneNet -> DEC ENET   user%host.dec@decwrl
        !           318:                       
        !           319: 733 PhoneNet -> France     user%host.cosac%france
        !           320: 
        !           321: 733 PhoneNet -> Japan      user%host.junet@csnet-relay
        !           322: 
        !           323: 733 PhoneNet -> MAILNET    user%host.mailnet@mit-multics
        !           324:                       
        !           325: 733 PhoneNet -> UK         user%subdomain.AC.UK@csnet-relay
        !           326: 
        !           327: 733 PhoneNet -> UUCP       hostz!...!hostb!hosta!user@berkeley  or
        !           328:                           user%host.UUCP@harvard
        !           329: 
        !           330: 733 PhoneNet -> VNET (IBM) user%ibm.com@csnet-relay
        !           331:                              Note: In the past, ibm.com accepted addresses 
        !           332:                              of the form user%[email protected], but these are 
        !           333:                              now rejected.
        !           334: 
        !           335: 733 PhoneNet -> XEROX      user.registry@Xerox
        !           336:                             Note: Do not use "%" between user and registry.
        !           337:                              Some Xerox registries are "pa" and "wbst".
        !           338: 
        !           339: REFERENCES  (Info Documents from the CSNET Info Server)
        !           340:   Note: For instructions on how to order these Info documents by electronic
        !           341:   mail, send a blank message to [email protected].
        !           342: 
        !           343: Topics listed under Request: rfc
        !           344: rfc822   Aug 82  108K  Standard for the Format of ARPA-Internet Text Messages
        !           345: rfc821   Aug 82  124K  Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
        !           346: rfc920   Oct 84   28K  Domain Requirements
        !           347: 
        !           348: Topics listed under Request: info
        !           349: adr-8     13 Feb 86   8K  BITNET <--> CSNET Gateway
        !           350: info-4     2 Mar 86   6K  Guidelines on Internet Access for CSNET Users
        !           351: sites-9a  13 Mar 86  35K  JANET (UK): Domains in the NRS
        !           352: sites-9b  13 Mar 86 116K  JANET (UK): NRS (Name Registration Scheme)
        !           353: sites-9c  13 Mar 86  12K  JANET (UK): Old Sites Not in the NRS Database
        !           354:           Note: sites-9a, -9b and -9c may be ordered as sites-9.
        !           355: sites-11   6 Nar 86  19K  ASCNET (Australia) Sites
        !           356: sites-12   2 Apr 86   4K  COSAC (France) Sites
        !           357: sites-14  18 Mar 86   5K  CDNnet (Canada) Message Transfer Agents (Sites)
        !           358: 
        !           359: 

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