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1.1 root 1: .if \nM=0 .RP
2: .TM 76-1274-5 39199 39199-11
3: .if \n(tm>0 .ND June 11, 1976*
4: .TL
5: Tbl \(em A Program to Format Tables
6: .AU "MH 2C-569" 6377
7: M. E. Lesk
8: .AI
9: .MH
10: .if \n(tm>0 .FS
11: .if \n(tm>0 * This printing revised through August 5, 1977
12: .if \n(tm>0 .FE
13: .AB
14: .I
15: Tbl
16: .R
17: is a document formatting preprocessor for
18: .I
19: troff
20: .R
21: or
22: .I
23: nroff
24: .R
25: which makes
26: even
27: fairly complex tables easy to specify and enter.
28: It is available on
29: the
30: .SM
31: PDP-11 UNIX*
32: .NL
33: system
34: .FS
35: * UNIX is a Trademark/Service Mark of the Bell System
36: .FE
37: and on Honeywell 6000
38: .SM
39: GCOS.
40: .NL
41: Tables are made up of columns which may be independently centered, right-adjusted,
42: left-adjusted, or aligned by decimal points.
43: Headings may be placed over single columns or groups of columns.
44: A table entry may contain equations, or may consist of several rows of text.
45: Horizontal or vertical lines may be drawn as desired
46: in the table,
47: and any table or element may be enclosed in a box.
48: For example:
49: .in 0
50: .ll
51: .sp .5
52: .TS
53: center, box;
54: c s s s
55: c s s s
56: c |c |c |c
57: c |c |c |c
58: l |n |n |n.
59: 1970 Federal Budget Transfers
60: \s-2(in billions of dollars)\s0
61: =
62: State Taxes Money Net
63: \^ collected spent \^
64: _
65: New York 22.91 21.35 \-1.56
66: New Jersey 8.33 6.96 \-1.37
67: Connecticut 4.12 3.10 \-1.02
68: Maine 0.74 0.67 \-0.07
69: California 22.29 22.42 +0.13
70: New Mexico 0.70 1.49 +0.79
71: Georgia 3.30 4.28 +0.98
72: Mississippi 1.15 2.32 +1.17
73: Texas 9.33 11.13 +1.80
74: .TE
75: .AE
76: .OK
77: Phototypesetting
78: Documentation
79: .CS 16 0 16 0 12 6
80: .tr #
81: .de e1
82: .nr \\$1 \\$2
83: ..
84: .de e2
85: .if !\\n(\\$1=\\n% .tm Error in example \\$1: referred to page \\n(\\$1, is on page \\n%
86: .rr \\$1
87: ..
88: .di qq
89: .EQ
90: delim $$
91: .EN
92: .di
93: .rm qq
94: .SH
95: Introduction.
96: .PP
97: .I
98: Tbl
99: .R
100: turns a simple description
101: of a table into a
102: .I
103: troff
104: .R
105: or
106: .I
107: nroff
108: .R
109: [1]
110: program (list of commands) that prints the table.
111: .I
112: Tbl
113: .R
114: may be used on the
115: \s-2PDP-\s011 \s-2UNIX\s0
116: .NL
117: [2] system and on the Honeywell 6000
118: .SM
119: GCOS
120: .NL
121: system.
122: It
123: attempts to isolate a portion of a job that it can
124: successfully
125: handle and leave the remainder for other programs.
126: Thus
127: .I
128: tbl
129: .R
130: may be used with the equation formatting
131: program
132: .I
133: eqn
134: .R
135: [3]
136: or various
137: layout macro packages
138: [4,5,6],
139: but does not duplicate their functions.
140: .PP
141: This memorandum is divided into two parts.
142: First we give the rules for preparing
143: .I
144: tbl
145: .R
146: input; then some examples are shown.
147: The description of rules is precise but technical, and
148: the beginning user may prefer to read the examples first,
149: as they show some common table arrangements.
150: A section explaining how to invoke
151: .I
152: tbl
153: .R
154: precedes the examples.
155: To avoid repetition, henceforth read
156: .I
157: troff
158: .R
159: as
160: .I
161: ``troff
162: .R
163: or
164: .I
165: nroff.''
166: .R
167: .ds . \^\s14.\s0
168: .PP
169: The input to
170: .I
171: tbl
172: .R
173: is text for a document, with tables preceded by a ``\*.TS''
174: (table start)
175: command and followed by a ``\*.TE''
176: (table end) command.
177: .I
178: Tbl
179: .R
180: processes the tables, generating
181: .I
182: troff
183: .R
184: formatting commands,
185: and leaves the remainder of the text unchanged.
186: The ``\*.TS'' and ``\*.TE''
187: lines are copied, too, so that
188: .I
189: troff
190: .R
191: page layout macros
192: (such as the memo formatting macros [4]\|) can use these lines
193: to delimit and place tables as they see fit.
194: In particular, any arguments on the ``\*.TS'' or ``\*.TE''
195: lines
196: are copied but otherwise ignored, and may be used by document layout
197: macro commands.
198: .PP
199: The format of the input is as follows:
200: .DS
201: \&text
202: \&\*.TS
203: \&\fItable\fR
204: \&\*.TE
205: \&text
206: \&\*.TS
207: \&\fItable\fR
208: \&\*.TE
209: \&text
210: \&\&\*. \*. \*.
211: .DE
212: where the format of each table is as follows:
213: .DS
214: \&\*.TS
215: \fIoptions \fB;\fR
216: \fIformat \*.
217: data
218: \&\fR\*.TE
219: .DE
220: Each table is independent, and must contain formatting
221: information
222: followed by the data to be entered in the table.
223: The formatting information, which describes the
224: individual columns and rows of the table, may be preceded
225: by a few options that affect the entire table.
226: A detailed description of tables is given in the next section.
227: .sp .5
228: .SH
229: Input commands.
230: .PP
231: As indicated above, a table contains, first, global options,
232: then a format section describing the layout of the table
233: entries, and then the data to be printed. The format and data
234: are always required, but not the options.
235: The various parts of the table are entered as follows:
236: .sp .5v
237: .IP 1)
238: O\s-2PTIONS.\s0
239: There may be a single line of options
240: affecting the whole table.
241: If present, this line must follow the \*.TS line immediately
242: and must contain a list of option names
243: separated by spaces, tabs, or commas, and must be terminated by a semicolon.
244: The allowable options are:
245: .RS
246: .IP \fB##center\fR 13
247: \(em center the table (default is left-adjust);
248: .IP \fB##expand\fR
249: \(em make the table as wide as the current line length;
250: .IP \fB##box\fR
251: \(em enclose the table in a box;
252: .IP \fB##allbox\fR
253: \(em enclose each item in the table in a box;
254: .IP \fB##doublebox\fR
255: \(em enclose the table in two boxes;
256: .IP \fB##tab#\fR(\fIx\fR\^)
257: \(em use \fIx\fR instead of tab to separate data items.
258: .IP \fB##linesize#(\fIn\fR\^)
259: \(em set lines or rules (e.g. from \fBbox\fR\^) in \fIn\fR point type;
260: .IP \fB##delim#(\fIxy\fR\^)
261: \(em recognize \fIx\fR and \fIy\fR as the \fIeqn\fR delimiters.
262: .RE
263: .LP
264: .ns
265: .IP
266: The
267: .I
268: tbl
269: .R
270: program
271: tries to keep boxed tables on one page by issuing
272: appropriate ``need'' (\fI\*.ne\fR\|) commands.
273: These requests are calculated from the number of lines in the tables,
274: and if there are spacing commands embedded in the input, these requests may be inaccurate;
275: use normal
276: .I
277: troff
278: .R
279: procedures, such as keep-release macros, in that case.
280: The user who must have a multi-page boxed table
281: should use macros designed for this purpose,
282: as explained below under `Usage.'
283: .sp .5v
284: .IP 2) 5
285: F\s-2ORMAT\s0.
286: The format section of the table specifies the layout
287: of the columns.
288: Each line in this section corresponds to one line
289: of the table (except that the last line corresponds to all following
290: lines up to the next \*.T&, if any \(em see below),
291: and each line contains a key-letter for each column
292: of the table.
293: It is good practice to separate the key letters for each
294: column by spaces or tabs.
295: Each key-letter is one of the following:
296: .RS
297: .cs B 25
298: .IP "##\fBL\fR#or#\fBl\fR" 10
299: to indicate a left-adjusted column entry;
300: .IP "##\fBR\fR#or#\fBr\fR
301: to indicate a right-adjusted column entry;
302: .IP "##\fBC\fR#or#\fBc\fR
303: to indicate a centered column entry;
304: .IP "##\fBN\fR#or#\fBn\fR
305: to indicate a numerical column entry, to be aligned with other
306: numerical entries so that the units digits of numbers line up;
307: .IP "##\fBA\fR#or#\fBa\fR
308: to indicate an alphabetic subcolumn;
309: all corresponding entries are aligned on the left, and positioned
310: so that the widest is centered within the column (see
311: example on page 12);
312: .IP "##\fBS\fR#or#\fBs\fR
313: to indicate a spanned heading, i.e. to indicate that the
314: entry from the previous column continues across this
315: column
316: (not allowed for the first column, obviously); or
317: .IP ##\fB\s+4\v'6p'^\v'-6p'\s0\fR
318: to indicate a vertically spanned heading, i.e. to indicate that
319: the entry from the previous row continues down through this row.
320: (Not allowed for the first row of the table, obviously).
321: .cs B
322: .RE
323: .LP
324: .ns
325: .IP
326: When numerical alignment is specified, a location for the decimal
327: point is sought. The rightmost dot (\*.)
328: adjacent to a digit is used as a decimal point; if there is no
329: dot adjoining a digit, the rightmost digit is used as a units digit;
330: if no alignment is indicated, the item is centered in the column.
331: However, the special non-printing character string \e& may be used
332: to override unconditionally dots
333: and digits, or to align alphabetic data;
334: this string lines up where a dot normally would,
335: and then disappears from the final output.
336: In the example below, the items shown at the left will be
337: aligned (in a numerical column) as shown on the right:
338: .KS
339: .TS
340: center;
341: l6 n.
342: 13 13
343: 4\*.2 4\&\*.2
344: 26\*.4\*.12 26\*.4\&\*.12
345: abc abc
346: abc\e& abc\&
347: 43\e&3\*.22 43\&3\*.22
348: 749\*.12 749\&\*.12
349: .TE
350: .KE
351: .IP
352: \fBNote:\fR
353: If numerical data are used in the same column with wider
354: .B L
355: or
356: .B r
357: type table entries, the widest \fInumber\fR is centered relative
358: to the wider
359: .B L
360: or
361: .B r
362: items (\fBL\fR is used instead of \fBl\fR for readability;
363: they have the same meaning as key-letters).
364: Alignment within the numerical items is preserved.
365: This is similar to the behavior of
366: .B a
367: type data, as explained above.
368: However,
369: alphabetic subcolumns (requested by the
370: .B
371: a
372: .R
373: key-letter)
374: are always slightly indented relative to
375: .B
376: L
377: .R
378: items;
379: if necessary, the column width is increased to force this.
380: This is not true for \fBn\fR type entries.
381: .IP
382: .bd I 3
383: .ft I
384: Warning:
385: .ft 1
386: .bd I
387: the \fBn\fR and \fBa\fR items should not be used in
388: the same column.
389: .IP
390: For readability, the key-letters describing each column should
391: be separated by spaces.
392: The end of the format section is indicated by a period.
393: The layout of the key-letters in the format section resembles
394: the layout of the actual data in the table.
395: Thus a simple format might appear as:
396: .br
397: .ne 3
398: .in +2
399: .nf
400: c s s
401: l n n \*.
402: .fi
403: .in -2
404: which specifies a table of three columns. The first line
405: of the table contains a heading centered across all three
406: columns; each remaining line contains a left-adjusted item
407: in the first column followed by two columns of numerical
408: data.
409: A sample table in this format might be:
410: .br
411: .ne 6v
412: .br
413: .in +4
414: .TS
415: c s s
416: l n n.
417: Overall title
418: Item-a 34.22 9.1
419: Item-b 12.65 .02
420: Items: c,d,e 23 5.8
421: Total 69.87 14.92
422: .TE
423: .in -4
424: There are some additional features of the key-letter system:
425: .RS
426: .IP "\fI##Horizontal lines#\fR"
427: \(em A key-letter may be replaced by `\(ul'
428: (underscore) to indicate
429: a horizontal line in place of the corresponding column entry,
430: or by `=' to indicate a double horizontal line.
431: If an adjacent column contains a horizontal line, or if
432: there are vertical lines adjoining this column,
433: this horizontal line is extended to meet the nearby lines.
434: If any data entry is provided for this column, it is ignored and
435: a warning message is printed.
436: .QQ do the D(x) and M(x) to draw a line of 'x' characters.
437: .QQ D will draw divided lines, M merged lines. thus - is simplh M(\(ru)
438: .IP "\fI##Vertical lines#\fR"
439: \(em A vertical bar may be placed between column key-letters. This will
440: cause a vertical line between the corresponding columns of the table.
441: A vertical bar to the left of the first key-letter
442: or to the right of the last one produces a line at the
443: edge of the table.
444: If two vertical bars appear between key-letters, a double vertical
445: line is drawn.
446: .IP "\fI##Space between columns#\fR"
447: \(em A number may follow the key-letter. This indicates the amount of separation
448: between this column and the next column.
449: The number normally specifies the separation in
450: .I
451: ens
452: .R
453: (one
454: en
455: .ne 3
456: is about the width of the letter `n').*
457: .FS
458: * More precisely, an en is a number of points (1 point = 1/72 inch)
459: equal to half the current type size.
460: .FE
461: If the ``expand'' option is used, then these numbers are multiplied
462: by a constant such that the table is as wide as the current line length.
463: The default column separation number is 3.
464: If the separation is changed the worst case (largest space requested) governs.
465: .IP "\fI##Vertical spanning#\fR"
466: \(em Normally, vertically spanned items extending over several
467: rows of the table are centered in their vertical range.
468: If a key-letter is followed by
469: .B
470: t
471: .R
472: or
473: .B T ,
474: any corresponding vertically spanned item
475: will begin at the top line of its range.
476: .IP "\fI##Font changes#\fR"
477: \(em A key-letter may be followed by a string containing a font
478: name or number
479: preceded by the letter
480: .B f
481: or
482: .B F .
483: This indicates that the corresponding column should be in a different
484: font from the default font (usually Roman).
485: All font names are one or two letters; a one-letter font
486: name should be separated from whatever follows by a space or tab.
487: The single letters
488: \f3B\f1, \f3b\f1, \f3I\f1,
489: and
490: \f3i\f1
491: are shorter synonyms for
492: .B f\^B
493: and
494: .B f\^I .
495: Font change commands given with the table entries
496: override these specifications.
497: .IP "\fI##Point size changes#\fR"
498: \(em A key-letter may be followed by the letter
499: .B p
500: or
501: .B P
502: and a number to indicate the point size of the corresponding table entries.
503: The number may be a signed digit, in which case it is taken as
504: an increment or decrement
505: from the current point size.
506: If both a point size and a column separation value are given,
507: one or more blanks must separate them.
508: .IP "\fI##Vertical spacing changes#\fR"
509: \(em A key-letter may be followed by the letter
510: .B v
511: or
512: .B V
513: and a number to indicate the vertical line spacing to be used
514: within a multi-line corresponding table entry.
515: The number may be a signed digit, in which case it is taken as an increment
516: or decrement from the current vertical spacing.
517: A column separation value must be separated by blanks or some other
518: specification from a vertical spacing request.
519: This request has no effect unless the corresponding table entry
520: is a text block (see below).
521: .IP "\fI##Column width indication#\fR"
522: \(em A key-letter may be followed by the letter
523: .B w
524: or
525: .B W
526: and a width value in parentheses.
527: This width is used as a minimum column width.
528: If the largest element in the column is not as wide as the width value
529: given after the \fBw\fR, the largest element is assumed to be that wide.
530: If the largest element in the column is wider than the specified value,
531: its width is used.
532: The width is also used as a default line
533: length for included text blocks.
534: Normal
535: .I
536: troff
537: .R
538: units can be used to scale the width value; if none are used,
539: the default is
540: ens.
541: If the width specification is a unitless integer
542: the parentheses may be omitted.
543: If the width value is changed in a column, the \fIlast\fR one given controls.
544: .IP "\fI##Equal width columns#\fR"
545: \(em A key-letter may be followed by the letter
546: .B e
547: or
548: .B E
549: to indicate equal width columns.
550: All columns whose
551: key-letters are followed by \fBe\fR or \fBE\fR are made the same width.
552: This permits the user to get a group of regularly spaced
553: columns.
554: .IP "\fI##Staggered columns#\fR"
555: \(em A key-letter may be followed by the letter
556: .B u
557: or
558: .B U
559: to indicate that the corresponding entry is to be moved up one half line.
560: This makes it easy, for example, to have a column of differences
561: between numbers in an adjoining column.
562: The ``allbox'' option does not work with staggered columns.
563: .IP "\fI##Zero-width item#\fR"
564: \(em A key-letter may be followed by the letter
565: .B z
566: or
567: .B Z
568: to indicate that the corresponding
569: data item is to be ignored in calculating column widths.
570: This may be useful, for example, in allowing headings
571: to run across adjacent columns where spanned headings
572: would be inappropriate.
573: .IP "##\fBNote:\fR#"
574: The order of the above features is immaterial; they need not be separated
575: by spaces, except as indicated above to avoid ambiguities involving
576: point size and font changes. Thus
577: a numerical column entry in italic font and 12 point type with a minimum
578: width of 2.5 inches and separated by 6 ens from the next column could
579: be specified as
580: .in +5
581: np12w(2\*.5i)f\|I 6
582: .in -5
583: .IP "\fI##Alternative notation#\fR"
584: \(em Instead of listing the format of successive lines of a table
585: on consecutive lines of the format section,
586: successive line formats may be given on the same line, separated
587: by commas, so that the format for the example
588: above might have been written:
589: .in +5
590: c s s, l n n \*.
591: .in -5
592: .IP "\fI##Default#\fR"
593: \(em Column descriptors missing from the end
594: of a format line are assumed to be \fBL\fR.
595: The longest line in the format section, however,
596: defines the number of columns
597: in the table;
598: extra columns in the data are ignored silently.
599: .QQ put in the diagnostics.
600: .RE
601: .sp .5v
602: .IP 3)
603: D\s-2ATA\s0.
604: The data for the table are typed after the format.
605: Normally, each table line is typed as one line of data.
606: Very long input lines can be broken: any line whose last character is
607: \e is combined with the following line (and the \e vanishes).
608: The data for different columns (the table entries) are separated by tabs,
609: or by whatever character has been specified in the option
610: .I tabs
611: option.
612: There are a few special cases:
613: .RS
614: .IP "\fI##Troff commands within tables\fR#"
615: \(em An input line
616: beginning with a `\*.' followed by anything
617: but a number is assumed to be a command to
618: .I
619: troff
620: .R
621: and is passed through unchanged, retaining its position in the table.
622: So, for example, space within a table may be produced by ``\*.sp''
623: commands
624: in the data.
625: .IP "\fI##Full width horizontal lines\fR#"
626: \(em An input
627: .I line
628: containing only the character $fat "\(ul" $ (underscore)
629: or \fB=\fR (equal sign) is taken to be a single or double
630: line, respectively, extending the
631: full width
632: of the
633: .I table.
634: .IP "\fI##Single column horizontal lines\fR#"
635: \(em An input table
636: .I entry
637: containing only the character $fat "\(ul" $ or \fB=\fR
638: is taken to be a single or double line extending
639: the full width of the
640: .I column.
641: Such lines are extended to meet horizontal or vertical
642: lines adjoining this column.
643: To obtain these characters explicitly in a column, either
644: precede them by \e& or
645: follow them by a space before the usual tab or newline.
646: .IP "\fI##Short horizontal lines\fR#"
647: \(em An input table
648: .I entry
649: containing only the string $fat "\e\(ul"$
650: is taken to be a single line as wide as the contents of
651: the column. It is not extended to meet
652: adjoining lines.
653: .IP "\fI##Repeated characters\fR#"
654: \(em An input table
655: .I entry
656: containing only a string of the form $fat "\e"$\f3R\f2x\f1
657: where
658: .I x
659: is any character is replaced by repetitions of the character
660: .I x
661: as wide as the data in the column.
662: The sequence of
663: .I x 's
664: is not extended to meet adjoining columns.
665: .IP "\fI##Vertically spanned items\fR#"
666: \(em An input table entry containing only the
667: character string
668: .ft B
669: \e\s+2\v'2p'^\v'-2p'\s0
670: .ft R
671: indicates that the table entry immediately
672: above spans downward over this row. It is equivalent
673: to a table format key-letter of `^'.
674: .IP "\fI##Text blocks\fR#"
675: \(em In order to include a block of text as a table entry,
676: precede it by $fat roman "T{" $ and follow
677: it by $fat roman "T}" $.
678: Thus the sequence
679: .in +2
680: .nf
681: \*. \*. \*. $fat roman "T{"$
682: .I
683: block of
684: text
685: .R
686: $fat roman "T}"$ \*. \*. \*.
687: .in -2
688: .fi
689: is the way to enter, as a single entry in the table, something
690: that cannot conveniently be typed as a simple string between
691: tabs.
692: Note that the $fat roman "T}" $ end delimiter must begin a line;
693: additional columns of data may follow after a tab on the same line.
694: See the example on page 10 for an illustration of included text blocks
695: .e1 aa 10
696: in a table.
697: If more than fifty or so text blocks are used in a table,
698: various limits in the
699: .I
700: troff
701: .R
702: program are likely to be exceeded,
703: producing diagnostics such as `too many string/macro names' or `too many
704: number registers.'
705: .IP
706: Text blocks are pulled out from the table, processed separately by
707: .I
708: troff,
709: .R
710: and replaced in the table as a solid block. If no line length
711: is specified in the
712: .I
713: block of text
714: .R
715: itself, or in the table format,
716: the default is to use
717: $ L times C / (N+1) $
718: where
719: .I
720: L
721: .R
722: is the current line length,
723: .I
724: C
725: .R
726: is the number of table columns spanned by the text,
727: and
728: .I
729: N
730: .R
731: is the total number of columns in the table.
732: The other parameters (point size, font, etc.) used in setting the
733: .I
734: block of text
735: .R
736: are those in effect at the beginning of the table (including
737: the effect of the ``\*.TS'' macro)
738: and any table format specifications of size, spacing and font,
739: using the \fBp\fR, \fBv\fR and \fBf\fR modifiers to the column key-letters.
740: Commands within the text block itself are also recognized, of course.
741: However,
742: .I troff
743: commands within the table data but not within the text block
744: do not affect that block.
745: .br
746: .di RR
747: . this is going down a rathole
748: .EQ
749: delim off
750: .EN
751: .di
752: .rm RR
753: .IP "##\fBWarnings:\fR#"
754: \(em Although any number of lines may be present in a table,
755: only the first 200 lines are used in calculating
756: the widths of the various columns.
757: A multi-page table,
758: of course, may be arranged as several single-page tables
759: if this proves to be a problem.
760: Other difficulties with formatting may arise because,
761: in the calculation of column widths all table entries
762: are assumed to be in the font and size being used when
763: the ``\*.TS'' command was encountered, except for font and size changes
764: indicated (a) in the table format section and (b)
765: within the table data (as in the entry
766: \es+3\efIdata\efP\es0\|).
767: Therefore, although arbitrary
768: .I
769: troff
770: .R
771: requests may be sprinkled in a table, care must be taken
772: to avoid confusing the width calculations;
773: use requests such as `\*.ps' with care.
774: .tr ##
775: .sp .5v
776: .RE
777: .IP 4)
778: A\s-2DDITIONAL COMMAND LINES\s0.
779: If the format of a table must be changed after
780: many similar lines, as with sub-headings or summarizations, the ``\*.T&''
781: (table continue)
782: command can be used
783: to change column parameters.
784: The outline of such a table input is:
785: .DS
786: .ft R
787: \&\*.TS
788: .ft I
789: \&options \fB;\fP
790: \&format \*.
791: \&data
792: \&\*. \*. \*.
793: .ft R
794: \&\*.T&
795: .ft I
796: \&format \*.
797: \&data
798: .ft R
799: \&\*.T&
800: .ft I
801: \&format \*.
802: \&data
803: .ft R
804: \&\*.TE
805: .DE
806: as in the examples on pages 10 and 12.
807: .e1 ab 10
808: .e1 ac 12
809: Using this procedure, each table line can be close to its corresponding format line.
810: .bd I 3
811: .br
812: .sp 3p
813: .ft I
814: Warning:
815: .ft R
816: .bd I
817: it is not possible to change the number of columns, the space
818: between columns, the global options such as \fIbox,\fR
819: or the selection of columns to be made equal width.
820: Nor is .T& recognized after the first 200 lines of a table.
821: .SH
822: Usage.
823: .PP
824: On
825: \s-2UNIX\s0,
826: .I
827: tbl
828: .R
829: can be run on a simple table with the command
830: .DS
831: tbl input-file | troff
832: .DE
833: but
834: for more complicated use, where there are several input files,
835: and they contain equations and \fIms\fR memorandum layout commands as well
836: as tables, the normal command would be
837: .DS
838: tbl file-1 file-2 \*. \*. \*. | eqn | troff \-ms
839: .DE
840: and, of course, the usual options may be used on the
841: .I
842: troff
843: .R
844: and
845: .I
846: eqn
847: .R
848: commands. The usage for
849: .I
850: nroff
851: .R
852: is similar
853: to that for
854: .I
855: troff,
856: .R
857: but only
858: \s-2TELETYPE\s+2\(rg Model 37 and
859: Diablo-mechanism (\s-2DASI\s0 or \s-2GSI\s0)
860: terminals can print boxed tables directly.
861: If any of the file names are ``\-''
862: the standard input is read at that point.
863: .PP
864: For the convenience of users employing line printers without
865: adequate driving tables or post-filters, there is a special
866: .I \-TX
867: command line option to
868: .I tbl
869: which produces output that does not have fractional line
870: motions in it.
871: The only other command line options recognized by
872: .I tbl
873: are
874: .I \-ms
875: and
876: .I \-mm
877: which are turned into
878: commands to fetch the corresponding macro files;
879: usually it is more convenient to place these arguments
880: on the
881: .I troff
882: part of the command line,
883: but they are accepted by
884: .I tbl
885: as well.
886: .PP
887: Note that when
888: .I
889: eqn
890: .R
891: and
892: .I
893: tbl
894: .R
895: are used together on the same file
896: .I
897: tbl
898: .R
899: should be used first.
900: If there are no equations within tables,
901: either order works, but it is usually faster
902: to run
903: .I
904: tbl
905: .R
906: first, since
907: .I
908: eqn
909: .R
910: normally produces a larger expansion of the input
911: than
912: .I
913: tbl.
914: .R
915: However, if there are equations within tables
916: (using the
917: .I
918: delim
919: .R
920: mechanism in
921: .I
922: eqn\fR),
923: .I
924: tbl
925: .R
926: must be first or the output will be scrambled.
927: Users must also beware of using equations in
928: \fBn\fR-style columns; this is nearly always wrong,
929: since
930: .I
931: tbl
932: .R
933: attempts to split numerical format items into two parts and this
934: is not possible with equations.
935: The user can defend against this by giving the
936: .I delim(xx)
937: table option;
938: this prevents splitting of numerical columns within the delimiters.
939: For example, if the
940: .I eqn
941: delimiters
942: are
943: .I $$ ,
944: giving
945: .I delim($$)
946: a numerical column such as
947: ``1245 $+- 16$''
948: will be divided after 1245, not after 16.
949: .PP
950: .I Tbl
951: accepts up to about 35 columns, the exact number
952: depending on the availability
953: of number registers.
954: The user must avoid number register names used
955: by tbl, which include two-digit numbers from 31 to 97,
956: and strings of the form
957: 4\fIx\fR, 5\fIx\fR,
958: #\fIx\fR, \fIx\fR+, \fIx\fR\ |, \v'3p'^\v'-3p'\fIx\fR, and \fIx\fR\(mi,
959: where
960: \fIx\fR is any lower case letter.
961: The names
962: ##, #\(mi, and #^ are also used in certain circumstances.
963: To conserve number register names, the
964: \fBn\fR
965: and
966: \fBa\fR
967: formats share a register;
968: hence the restriction above that they may not be used in the same column.
969: .PP
970: For aid in writing layout macros,
971: .I
972: tbl
973: .R
974: defines a number register TW which is
975: the table width; it is defined by the time that the ``\*.TE'' macro
976: is invoked and may be used in the expansion of that macro.
977: More importantly, to assist in laying out multi-page boxed tables
978: the macro T# is defined to produce the bottom lines and side lines of a boxed
979: table, and then invoked at its end. By use of this macro
980: in the page footer a multi-page table can be boxed.
981: In particular, the
982: .I
983: ms
984: .R
985: macros can be used to print a multi-page boxed table with a repeated heading
986: by giving the
987: argument H to the ``\*.TS'' macro.
988: If the table start macro is written
989: .br
990: \&\*.TS H
991: .br
992: a line of the form
993: .br
994: \&\*.TH
995: .br
996: must be given in the table after any table heading (or at the start if none).
997: Material up to the ``\*.TH'' is placed at the top of each page of table;
998: the remaining lines in the table are placed on several pages as required.
999: Note that this is
1000: .I
1001: not
1002: .R
1003: a feature of
1004: .I
1005: tbl,
1006: .R
1007: but of the \fIms\fR layout macros.
1008: .SH
1009: Examples.
1010: .PP
1011: Here are some examples illustrating features of
1012: .I
1013: tbl.
1014: .R
1015: .ds T \|\h'.4n'\v'-.2n'\s6\zT\s0\s10\v'.2n'\h'-.4n'\(ci\|\s0
1016: The symbol \*T in the input represents a tab character.
1017: .de IN
1018: .po \\n(POu
1019: .sp |\\n(.hu
1020: .sp
1021: .ne \\$1
1022: .mk
1023: .B
1024: Input:
1025: .R
1026: .sp .5
1027: .nf
1028: .in +3n
1029: ..
1030: .de OU
1031: .br
1032: .in -3n
1033: .rt
1034: .po +3i
1035: .B
1036: Output:
1037: .R
1038: .sp .5
1039: ..
1040: .rm TS
1041: .rm TE
1042: .nf
1043: .IN 2.5i
1044: \&\*.TS
1045: \&box;
1046: \&c c c
1047: \&l l l\*.
1048: \&Language\*TAuthors\*TRuns on
1049: \&
1050: \&Fortran\*TMany\*TAlmost anything
1051: \&PL/1\*TIBM\*T360/370
1052: \&C\*TBTL\*T11/45,H6000,370
1053: \&BLISS\*TCarnegie-Mellon\*TPDP-10,11
1054: \&IDS\*THoneywell\*TH6000
1055: \&Pascal\*TStanford\*T370
1056: \&\*.TE
1057: .OU
1058: .TS
1059: box;
1060: c c c
1061: l l l.
1062: Language Authors Runs on
1063:
1064: Fortran Many Almost anything
1065: PL/1 IBM 360/370
1066: C BTL 11/45,H6000,370
1067: BLISS Carnegie-Mellon PDP-10,11
1068: IDS Honeywell H6000
1069: Pascal Stanford 370
1070: .TE
1071: .IN 2.8i
1072: \&\*.TS
1073: \&allbox;
1074: \&c s s
1075: \&c c c
1076: \&n n n\*.
1077: \&AT&T Common Stock
1078: \&Year\*TPrice\*TDividend
1079: \&1971\*T41-54\*T$2\*.60
1080: \&2\*T41-54\*T2\*.70
1081: \&3\*T46-55\*T2\*.87
1082: \&4\*T40-53\*T3\*.24
1083: \&5\*T45-52\*T3\*.40
1084: \&6\*T51-59\*T\*.95*
1085: \&\*.TE
1086: \&* (first quarter only)
1087: .OU
1088: .TS
1089: allbox;
1090: c s s
1091: c c c
1092: n n n.
1093: AT&T Common Stock
1094: Year Price Dividend
1095: 1971 41-54 $2.60
1096: 2 41-54 2.70
1097: 3 46-55 2.87
1098: 4 40-53 3.24
1099: 5 45-52 3.40
1100: 6 51-59 .95*
1101: .TE
1102: * (first quarter only)
1103: .IN 4i
1104: \&\*.TS
1105: \&box;
1106: \&c s s
1107: \&c | c | c
1108: \&l | l | n\*.
1109: \&Major New York Bridges
1110: \&=
1111: \&Bridge\*TDesigner\*TLength
1112: \&\(ul
1113: \&Brooklyn\*TJ\*. A\*. Roebling\*T1595
1114: \&Manhattan\*TG\*. Lindenthal\*T1470
1115: \&Williamsburg\*TL\*. L\*. Buck\*T1600
1116: \&\(ul
1117: \&Queensborough\*TPalmer &\*T1182
1118: \&\*T Hornbostel
1119: \&\(ul
1120: \&\*T\*T1380
1121: \&Triborough\*TO\*. H\*. Ammann\*T\(ul
1122: \&\*T\*T383
1123: \&\(ul
1124: \&Bronx Whitestone\*TO\*. H\*. Ammann\*T2300
1125: \&Throgs Neck\*TO\*. H\*. Ammann\*T1800
1126: \&\(ul
1127: \&George Washington\*TO\*. H\*. Ammann\*T3500
1128: \&\*.TE
1129: .OU
1130: .TS
1131: box;
1132: c s s
1133: c | c | c
1134: l | l | n.
1135: Major New York Bridges
1136: =
1137: Bridge Designer Length
1138: _
1139: Brooklyn J. A. Roebling 1595
1140: Manhattan G. Lindenthal 1470
1141: Williamsburg L. L. Buck 1600
1142: _
1143: Queensborough Palmer & 1182
1144: Hornbostel
1145: _
1146: 1380
1147: Triborough O. H. Ammann _
1148: 383
1149: _
1150: Bronx Whitestone O. H. Ammann 2300
1151: Throgs Neck O. H. Ammann 1800
1152: _
1153: George Washington O. H. Ammann 3500
1154: .TE
1155: .IN 3.0i
1156: \&\*.TS
1157: \&c c
1158: \&np-2 | n | \*.
1159: \&\*TStack
1160: \&\*T\(ul
1161: \&1\*T46
1162: \&\*T\(ul
1163: \&2\*T23
1164: \&\*T\(ul
1165: \&3\*T15
1166: \&\*T\(ul
1167: \&4\*T6\*.5
1168: \&\*T\(ul
1169: \&5\*T2\*.1
1170: \&\*T\(ul
1171: \&\*.TE
1172: .OU
1173: .TS
1174: c c
1175: np-2 | n |.
1176: Stack
1177: _
1178: 1 46
1179: _
1180: 2 23
1181: _
1182: 3 15
1183: _
1184: 4 6.5
1185: _
1186: 5 2.1
1187: _
1188: .TE
1189: .IN 2.5i
1190: \&\*.TS
1191: \&box;
1192: \&L L L
1193: \&L L \(ul
1194: \&L L | LB
1195: \&L L \(ul
1196: \&L L L\*.
1197: \&january\*Tfebruary\*Tmarch
1198: \&april\*Tmay
1199: \&june\*Tjuly\*TMonths
1200: \&august\*Tseptember
1201: \&october\*Tnovember\*Tdecember
1202: \&\*.TE
1203: .OU
1204: .TS
1205: box;
1206: L L L
1207: L L _
1208: L L | LB
1209: L L _
1210: L L L.
1211: january february march
1212: april may
1213: june july Months
1214: august september
1215: october november december
1216: .TE
1217: .IN 5.0i
1218: .e2 ab
1219: \&\*.TS
1220: \&box;
1221: \&cfB s s s\*.
1222: \&Composition of Foods
1223: \&\(ul
1224: \&\*.T&
1225: \&c | c s s
1226: \&c | c s s
1227: \&c | c | c | c\*.
1228: \&Food\*TPercent by Weight
1229: \&\e^\*T\(ul
1230: \&\e^\*TProtein\*TFat\*TCarbo-
1231: \&\e^\*T\e^\*T\e^\*Thydrate
1232: \&\(ul
1233: \&\*.T&
1234: \&l | n | n | n\*.
1235: \&Apples\*T\*.4\*T\*.5\*T13\*.0
1236: \&Halibut\*T18\*.4\*T5\*.2\*T\*. \*. \*.
1237: \&Lima beans\*T7\*.5\*T\*.8\*T22\*.0
1238: \&Milk\*T3\*.3\*T4\*.0\*T5\*.0
1239: \&Mushrooms\*T3\*.5\*T\*.4\*T6\*.0
1240: \&Rye bread\*T9\*.0\*T\*.6\*T52\*.7
1241: \&\*.TE
1242: .OU
1243: .TS
1244: box;
1245: cfB s s s.
1246: Composition of Foods
1247: _
1248: .T&
1249: c |c s s
1250: c |c s s
1251: c |c |c |c.
1252: Food Percent by Weight
1253: \^ _
1254: \^ Protein Fat Carbo-
1255: \^ \^ \^ hydrate
1256: _
1257: .T&
1258: l |n |n |n.
1259: Apples .4 .5 13.0
1260: Halibut 18.4 5.2 ...
1261: Lima beans 7.5 .8 22.0
1262: Milk 3.3 4.0 5.0
1263: Mushrooms 3.5 .4 6.0
1264: Rye bread 9.0 .6 52.7
1265: .TE
1266: .IN 3.7i
1267: .e2 aa
1268: \&\*.TS
1269: \&allbox;
1270: \&cfI s s
1271: \&c cw(1i) cw(1i)
1272: \&lp9 lp9 lp9\*.
1273: \&New York Area Rocks
1274: \&Era\*TFormation\*TAge (years)
1275: \&Precambrian\*TReading Prong\*T>1 billion
1276: \&Paleozoic\*TManhattan Prong\*T400 million
1277: \&Mesozoic\*TT{
1278: \&\*.na
1279: \&Newark Basin, incl\*.
1280: \&Stockton, Lockatong, and Brunswick
1281: \&formations; also Watchungs
1282: \&and Palisades\*.
1283: \&T}\*T200 million
1284: \&Cenozoic\*TCoastal Plain\*TT{
1285: \&On Long Island 30,000 years;
1286: \&Cretaceous sediments redeposited
1287: \&by recent glaciation\*.
1288: \&\*.ad
1289: \&T}
1290: \&\*.TE
1291: .OU
1292: .fi
1293: .TS
1294: allbox;
1295: cfI s s
1296: c cw(1i) cw(1i)
1297: lp9 lp9 lp9.
1298: New York Area Rocks
1299: Era Formation Age (years)
1300: Precambrian Reading Prong >1 billion
1301: Paleozoic Manhattan Prong 400 million
1302: Mesozoic T{
1303: .na
1304: Newark Basin, incl.
1305: Stockton, Lockatong, and Brunswick
1306: formations; also Watchungs
1307: and Palisades.
1308: T} 200 million
1309: Cenozoic Coastal Plain T{
1310: On Long Island 30,000 years;
1311: Cretaceous sediments redeposited
1312: by recent glaciation.
1313: .ad
1314: T}
1315: .TE
1316: .IN 2i
1317: \&\*.EQ
1318: \&delim $$
1319: \&\*.EN
1320: .sp
1321: \&\*. \*. \*.
1322: .sp
1323: \&\*.TS
1324: \&doublebox;
1325: \&c c
1326: \&l l\*.
1327: \&Name\*TDefinition
1328: \&\*.sp
1329: \&\*.vs +2p
1330: \&Gamma\*T$GAMMA (z) = int sub 0 sup inf t sup {z-1} e sup -t dt$
1331: \&Sine\*T$sin (x) = 1 over 2i ( e sup ix - e sup -ix )$
1332: \&Error\*T$ roman erf (z) = 2 over sqrt pi int sub 0 sup z e sup {-t sup 2} dt$
1333: \&Bessel\*T$ J sub 0 (z) = 1 over pi int sub 0 sup pi cos ( z sin theta ) d theta $
1334: \&Zeta\*T$ zeta (s) = sum from k=1 to inf k sup -s ~~( Re~s > 1)$
1335: \&\*.vs -2p
1336: \&\*.TE
1337: .di qq
1338: .EQ
1339: delim $$
1340: .EN
1341: .di
1342: .rm qq
1343: .rs
1344: .OU
1345: .TS
1346: doublebox;
1347: c c
1348: l l.
1349: Name Definition
1350: .sp
1351: .vs +2p
1352: Gamma $GAMMA (z) = int sub 0 sup inf t sup {z-1} e sup -t dt$
1353: Sine $sin (x) = 1 over 2i ( e sup ix - e sup -ix )$
1354: Error $ roman erf (z) = 2 over sqrt pi int sub 0 sup z e sup {-t sup 2} dt$
1355: Bessel $ J sub 0 (z) = 1 over pi int sub 0 sup pi cos ( z sin theta ) d theta $
1356: Zeta $ zeta (s) = sum from k=1 to inf k sup -s ~~( Re~s > 1)$
1357: .vs -2p
1358: .TE
1359: .ds : \|:\|
1360: .IN 2i
1361: \&\*.TS
1362: \&box, tab(\*:);
1363: \&cb s s s s
1364: \&cp-2 s s s s
1365: \&c |\|| c | c | c | c
1366: \&c |\|| c | c | c | c
1367: \&r2 |\|| n2 | n2 | n2 | n\*.
1368: \&Readability of Text
1369: \&Line Width and Leading for 10-Point Type
1370: \&=
1371: \&Line\*:Set\*:1-Point\*:2-Point\*:4-Point
1372: \&Width\*:Solid\*:Leading\*:Leading\*:Leading
1373: \&_
1374: \&9 Pica\*:\e-9\*.3\*:\e-6\*.0\*:\e-5\*.3\*:\e-7\*.1
1375: \&14 Pica\*:\e-4\*.5\*:\e-0\*.6\*:\e-0\*.3\*:\e-1\*.7
1376: \&19 Pica\*:\e-5\*.0\*:\e-5\*.1\*: 0\*.0\*:\e-2\*.0
1377: \&31 Pica\*:\e-3\*.7\*:\e-3\*.8\*:\e-2\*.4\*:\e-3\*.6
1378: \&43 Pica\*:\e-9\*.1\*:\e-9\*.0\*:\e-5\*.9\*:\e-8\*.8
1379: \&\*.TE
1380: .OU
1381: .TS
1382: box, tab(:);
1383: cb s s s s
1384: cp-2 s s s s
1385: c ||c |c |c |c
1386: c ||c |c |c |c
1387: r2 ||n2 |n2 |n2 |n.
1388: Readability of Text
1389: Line Width and Leading for 10-Point Type
1390: =
1391: Line:Set:1-Point:2-Point:4-Point
1392: Width:Solid:Leading:Leading:Leading
1393: _
1394: 9 Pica:\-9.3:\-6.0:\-5.3:\-7.1
1395: 14 Pica:\-4.5:\-0.6:\-0.3:\-1.7
1396: 19 Pica:\-5.0:\-5.1: 0.0:\-2.0
1397: 31 Pica:\-3.7:\-3.8:\-2.4:\-3.6
1398: 43 Pica:\-9.1:\-9.0:\-5.9:\-8.8
1399: .TE
1400: .IN 7i
1401: .e2 ac
1402: \&\*.TS
1403: \&c s
1404: \&cip-2 s
1405: \&l n
1406: \&a n\*.
1407: \&Some London Transport Statistics
1408: \&(Year 1964)
1409: \&Railway route miles\*T244
1410: \&Tube\*T66
1411: \&Sub-surface\*T22
1412: \&Surface\*T156
1413: \&\*.sp \*.5
1414: \&\*.T&
1415: \&l r
1416: \&a r\*.
1417: \&Passenger traffic \e- railway
1418: \&Journeys\*T674 million
1419: \&Average length\*T4\*.55 miles
1420: \&Passenger miles\*T3,066 million
1421: \&\*.T&
1422: \&l r
1423: \&a r\*.
1424: \&Passenger traffic \e- road
1425: \&Journeys\*T2,252 million
1426: \&Average length\*T2\*.26 miles
1427: \&Passenger miles\*T5,094 million
1428: \&\*.T&
1429: \&l n
1430: \&a n\*.
1431: \&\*.sp \*.5
1432: \&Vehicles\*T12,521
1433: \&Railway motor cars\*T2,905
1434: \&Railway trailer cars\*T1,269
1435: \&Total railway\*T4,174
1436: \&Omnibuses\*T8,347
1437: \&\*.T&
1438: \&l n
1439: \&a n\*.
1440: \&\*.sp \*.5
1441: \&Staff\*T73,739
1442: \&Administrative, etc\*.\*T5,582
1443: \&Civil engineering\*T5,134
1444: \&Electrical eng\*.\*T1,714
1445: \&Mech\*. eng\*. \e- railway\*T4,310
1446: \&Mech\*. eng\*. \e- road\*T9,152
1447: \&Railway operations\*T8,930
1448: \&Road operations\*T35,946
1449: \&Other\*T2,971
1450: \&\*.TE
1451: .OU
1452: .TS
1453: c s
1454: cip-2 s
1455: l n
1456: a n.
1457: Some London Transport Statistics
1458: (Year 1964)
1459: Railway route miles 244
1460: Tube 66
1461: Sub-surface 22
1462: Surface 156
1463: .sp .5
1464: .T&
1465: l r
1466: a r.
1467: Passenger traffic \(mi railway
1468: Journeys 674 million
1469: Average length 4.55 miles
1470: Passenger miles 3,066 million
1471: .T&
1472: l r
1473: a r.
1474: Passenger traffic \(mi road
1475: Journeys 2,252 million
1476: Average length 2.26 miles
1477: Passenger miles 5,094 million
1478: .T&
1479: l n
1480: a n.
1481: .sp .5
1482: Vehicles 12,521
1483: Railway motor cars 2,905
1484: Railway trailer cars 1,269
1485: Total railway 4,174
1486: Omnibuses 8,347
1487: .T&
1488: l n
1489: a n.
1490: .sp .5
1491: Staff 73,739
1492: Administrative, etc. 5,582
1493: Civil engineering 5,134
1494: Electrical eng. 1,714
1495: Mech. eng. \(mi railway 4,310
1496: Mech. eng. \(mi road 9,152
1497: Railway operations 8,930
1498: Road operations 35,946
1499: Other 2,971
1500: .TE
1501: .po \n(POu
1502: .sp |\n(.hu
1503: .de IN
1504: .sp
1505: .ne 1i
1506: .B
1507: Input:
1508: .R
1509: .sp .5
1510: .in +3n
1511: .nf
1512: ..
1513: .de OU
1514: .sp
1515: .in -3n
1516: .ne 1i
1517: .B
1518: Output:
1519: .R
1520: .sp .5
1521: ..
1522: .ns
1523: .EQ
1524: delim off
1525: .EN
1526: .IN
1527: \&\*.ps 8
1528: \&\*.vs 10p
1529: \&\*.TS
1530: center box;
1531: \&c s s
1532: \&ci s s
1533: \&c c c
1534: \&lB l n\*.
1535: \&New Jersey Representatives
1536: \&(Democrats)
1537: \&\*.sp \*.5
1538: \&Name\*TOffice address\*TPhone
1539: \&\*.sp \*.5
1540: \&James J\*. Florio\*T23 S\*. White Horse Pike, Somerdale 08083\*T609-627-8222
1541: \&William J\*. Hughes\*T2920 Atlantic Ave\*., Atlantic City 08401\*T609-345-4844
1542: \&James J\*. Howard\*T801 Bangs Ave\*., Asbury Park 07712\*T201-774-1600
1543: \&Frank Thompson, Jr\*.\*T10 Rutgers Pl\*., Trenton 08618\*T609-599-1619
1544: \&Andrew Maguire\*T115 W\*. Passaic St\*., Rochelle Park 07662\*T201-843-0240
1545: \&Robert A\*. Roe\*TU\*.S\*.P\*.O\*., 194 Ward St\*., Paterson 07510\*T201-523-5152
1546: \&Henry Helstoski\*T666 Paterson Ave\*., East Rutherford 07073\*T201-939-9090
1547: \&Peter W\*. Rodino, Jr\*.\*TSuite 1435A, 970 Broad St\*., Newark 07102\*T201-645-3213
1548: \&Joseph G\*. Minish\*T308 Main St\*., Orange 07050\*T201-645-6363
1549: \&Helen S\*. Meyner\*T32 Bridge St\*., Lambertville 08530\*T609-397-1830
1550: \&Dominick V\*. Daniels\*T895 Bergen Ave\*., Jersey City 07306\*T201-659-7700
1551: \&Edward J\*. Patten\*TNatl\*. Bank Bldg\*., Perth Amboy 08861\*T201-826-4610
1552: \&\*.sp \*.5
1553: \&\*.T&
1554: \&ci s s
1555: \&lB l n\*.
1556: \&(Republicans)
1557: \&\*.sp \*.5v
1558: \&Millicent Fenwick\*T41 N\*. Bridge St\*., Somerville 08876\*T201-722-8200
1559: \&Edwin B\*. Forsythe\*T301 Mill St\*., Moorestown 08057\*T609-235-6622
1560: \&Matthew J\*. Rinaldo\*T1961 Morris Ave\*., Union 07083\*T201-687-4235
1561: \&\*.TE
1562: \&\*.ps 10
1563: \&\*.vs 12p
1564: .ne 3.2i
1565: .OU
1566: .ps 8
1567: .vs 10p
1568: .TS
1569: center box;
1570: c s s
1571: ci s s
1572: c c c
1573: lB l n.
1574: New Jersey Representatives
1575: (Democrats)
1576: .sp .5
1577: Name Office address Phone
1578: .sp .5
1579: James J. Florio 23 S. White Horse Pike, Somerdale 08083 609-627-8222
1580: William J. Hughes 2920 Atlantic Ave., Atlantic City 08401 609-345-4844
1581: James J. Howard 801 Bangs Ave., Asbury Park 07712 201-774-1600
1582: Frank Thompson, Jr. 10 Rutgers Pl., Trenton 08618 609-599-1619
1583: Andrew Maguire 115 W. Passaic St., Rochelle Park 07662 201-843-0240
1584: Robert A. Roe U.S.P.O., 194 Ward St., Paterson 07510 201-523-5152
1585: Henry Helstoski 666 Paterson Ave., East Rutherford 07073 201-939-9090
1586: Peter W. Rodino, Jr. Suite 1435A, 970 Broad St., Newark 07102 201-645-3213
1587: Joseph G. Minish 308 Main St., Orange 07050 201-645-6363
1588: Helen S. Meyner 32 Bridge St., Lambertville 08530 609-397-1830
1589: Dominick V. Daniels 895 Bergen Ave., Jersey City 07306 201-659-7700
1590: Edward J. Patten Natl. Bank Bldg., Perth Amboy 08861 201-826-4610
1591: .sp .5
1592: .T&
1593: ci s s
1594: lB l n.
1595: (Republicans)
1596: .sp .5v
1597: Millicent Fenwick 41 N. Bridge St., Somerville 08876 201-722-8200
1598: Edwin B. Forsythe 301 Mill St., Moorestown 08057 609-235-6622
1599: Matthew J. Rinaldo 1961 Morris Ave., Union 07083 201-687-4235
1600: .TE
1601: .ps 10
1602: .vs 12p
1603: .sp
1604: .fi
1605: This is a paragraph of normal text placed here only to indicate where
1606: the left and right margins are. In this way the reader can judge
1607: the appearance of centered tables or expanded tables, and observe
1608: how such tables are formatted.
1609: .IN
1610: \&\*.TS
1611: \&expand;
1612: \&c s s s
1613: \&c c c c
1614: \&l l n n\*.
1615: \&Bell Labs Locations
1616: \&Name\*TAddress\*TArea Code\*TPhone
1617: \&Holmdel\*THolmdel, N\*. J\*. 07733\*T201\*T949-3000
1618: \&Murray Hill\*TMurray Hill, N\*. J\*. 07974\*T201\*T582-6377
1619: \&Whippany\*TWhippany, N\*. J\*. 07981\*T201\*T386-3000
1620: \&Indian Hill\*TNaperville, Illinois 60540\*T312\*T690-2000
1621: \&\*.TE
1622: .ne 1.3i
1623: .OU
1624: .TS
1625: expand;
1626: c s s s
1627: c c c c
1628: l l n n.
1629: Bell Labs Locations
1630: Name Address Area Code Phone
1631: Holmdel Holmdel, N. J. 07733 201 949-3000
1632: Murray Hill Murray Hill, N. J. 07974 201 582-6377
1633: Whippany Whippany, N. J. 07981 201 386-3000
1634: Indian Hill Naperville, Illinois 60540 312 690-2000
1635: .TE
1636: .br
1637: .ps 8
1638: .vs 9p
1639: .ne 5i
1640: .IN
1641: \&\*.TS
1642: \&box;
1643: \&cb s s s
1644: \&c | c | c s
1645: \<iw(1i) | ltw(2i) | lp8 | lw(1\*.6i)p8\*.
1646: \&Some Interesting Places
1647: \&_
1648: \&Name\*TDescription\*TPractical Information
1649: \&_
1650: \&T{
1651: \&American Museum of Natural History
1652: \&T}\*TT{
1653: \&The collections fill 11\*.5 acres (Michelin) or 25 acres (MTA)
1654: \&of exhibition halls on four floors\*. There is a full-sized replica
1655: \&of a blue whale and the world's largest star sapphire (stolen in 1964)\*.
1656: \&T}\*THours\*T10-5, ex\*. Sun 11-5, Wed\*. to 9
1657: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TLocation\*TT{
1658: \&Central Park West & 79th St\*.
1659: \&T}
1660: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TAdmission\*TDonation: $1\*.00 asked
1661: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TSubway\*TAA to 81st St\*.
1662: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TTelephone\*T212-873-4225
1663: \&_
1664: \&Bronx Zoo\*TT{
1665: \&About a mile long and \*.6 mile wide, this is the largest zoo in America\*.
1666: \&A lion eats 18 pounds
1667: \&of meat a day while a sea lion eats 15 pounds of fish\*.
1668: \&T}\*THours\*TT{
1669: \&10-4:30 winter, to 5:00 summer
1670: \&T}
1671: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TLocation\*TT{
1672: \&185th St\*. & Southern Blvd, the Bronx\*.
1673: \&T}
1674: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TAdmission\*T$1\*.00, but Tu,We,Th free
1675: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TSubway\*T2, 5 to East Tremont Ave\*.
1676: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TTelephone\*T212-933-1759
1677: \&_
1678: \&Brooklyn Museum\*TT{
1679: \&Five floors of galleries contain American and ancient art\*.
1680: \&There are American period rooms and architectural ornaments saved
1681: \&from wreckers, such as a classical figure from Pennsylvania Station\*.
1682: \&T}\*THours\*TWed-Sat, 10-5, Sun 12-5
1683: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TLocation\*TT{
1684: \&Eastern Parkway & Washington Ave\*., Brooklyn\*.
1685: \&T}
1686: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TAdmission\*TFree
1687: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TSubway\*T2,3 to Eastern Parkway\*.
1688: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TTelephone\*T212-638-5000
1689: \&_
1690: \&T{
1691: \&New-York Historical Society
1692: \&T}\*TT{
1693: \&All the original paintings for Audubon's
1694: \&\*.I
1695: \&Birds of America
1696: \&\*.R
1697: \&are here, as are exhibits of American decorative arts, New York history,
1698: \&Hudson River school paintings, carriages, and glass paperweights\*.
1699: \&T}\*THours\*TT{
1700: \&Tues-Fri & Sun, 1-5; Sat 10-5
1701: \&T}
1702: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TLocation\*TT{
1703: \&Central Park West & 77th St\*.
1704: \&T}
1705: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TAdmission\*TFree
1706: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TSubway\*TAA to 81st St\*.
1707: \&\e^\*T\e^\*TTelephone\*T212-873-3400
1708: \&\*.TE
1709: .br
1710: .ps \n(PS
1711: .vs \n(VSp
1712: .OU
1713: .fi
1714: .rr 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 98 99
1715: .rr 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
1716: .rr 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53
1717: .rr 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93
1718: .rr #a
1719: .rr #b
1720: .rr #c
1721: .rr #d
1722: .rr #e
1723: .rr YY
1724: .rr OJ
1725: .rr P
1726: .rr AV CW GW DW FL KN SJ A1 A2 A3 I1 I2 I3
1727: .in 0
1728: .hy 1
1729: .TS
1730: box;
1731: cb s s s
1732: c | c | c s
1733: ltiw(1i) | ltw(2i) | lp8| lw(1.6i)p8.
1734: Some Interesting Places
1735: _
1736: Name Description Practical Information
1737: _
1738: T{
1739: American Museum of Natural History
1740: T} T{
1741: The collections fill 11.5 acres (Michelin) or 25 acres (MTA)
1742: of exhibition halls on four floors. There is a full-sized replica
1743: of a blue whale and the world's largest star sapphire (stolen in 1964).
1744: T} Hours 10-5, ex. Sun 11-5, Wed. to 9
1745: \^ \^ Location T{
1746: Central Park West & 79th St.
1747: T}
1748: \^ \^ Admission Donation: $1.00 asked
1749: \^ \^ Subway AA to 81st St.
1750: \^ \^ Telephone 212-873-4225
1751: _
1752: Bronx Zoo T{
1753: About a mile long and .6 mile wide, this is the largest zoo in America.
1754: A lion eats 18 pounds
1755: of meat a day while a sea lion eats 15 pounds of fish.
1756: T} Hours T{
1757: 10-4:30 winter, to 5:00 summer
1758: T}
1759: \^ \^ Location T{
1760: 185th St. & Southern Blvd, the Bronx.
1761: T}
1762: \^ \^ Admission $1.00, but Tu,We,Th free
1763: \^ \^ Subway 2, 5 to East Tremont Ave.
1764: \^ \^ Telephone 212-933-1759
1765: _
1766: Brooklyn Museum T{
1767: Five floors of galleries contain American and ancient art.
1768: There are American period rooms and architectural ornaments saved
1769: from wreckers, such as a classical figure from Pennsylvania Station.
1770: T} Hours Wed-Sat, 10-5, Sun 12-5
1771: \^ \^ Location T{
1772: Eastern Parkway & Washington Ave., Brooklyn.
1773: T}
1774: \^ \^ Admission Free
1775: \^ \^ Subway 2,3 to Eastern Parkway.
1776: \^ \^ Telephone 212-638-5000
1777: _
1778: T{
1779: New-York Historical Society
1780: T} T{
1781: All the original paintings for Audubon's
1782: .I
1783: Birds of America
1784: .R
1785: are here, as are exhibits of American decorative arts, New York history,
1786: Hudson River school paintings, carriages, and glass paperweights.
1787: T} Hours T{
1788: Tues-Fri & Sun, 1-5; Sat 10-5
1789: T}
1790: \^ \^ Location T{
1791: Central Park West & 77th St.
1792: T}
1793: \^ \^ Admission Free
1794: \^ \^ Subway AA to 81st St.
1795: \^ \^ Telephone 212-873-3400
1796: .TE
1797: .rr 40
1798: .rr 41
1799: .rr 42
1800: .rr 43
1801: .rr 80
1802: .rr 81
1803: .rr 82
1804: .rr 83
1805: .rr 60
1806: .rr 61
1807: .rr 62
1808: .rr 63
1809: .rr #a
1810: .rr #b
1811: .rr #c
1812: .rr #d
1813: .rr #e
1814: .rr ##
1815: .ne 2i
1816: .fi
1817: .LP
1818: .SH
1819: Acknowledgments.
1820: .PP
1821: Many thanks are due to J. C. Blinn, who has done a large amount
1822: of testing and assisted with the design of the program.
1823: He has also written many of the more intelligible sentences
1824: in this document and helped edit all of it.
1825: All phototypesetting programs on \s-2UNIX\s0 are dependent on the work
1826: of the late J. F. Ossanna, whose assistance with this program in particular
1827: had been most helpful.
1828: This program is patterned on a table formatter originally
1829: written by J. F. Gimpel.
1830: The assistance of
1831: T. A. Dolotta, B. W. Kernighan, and J. N. Sturman
1832: is gratefully acknowledged.
1833: .SG MH-1274-MEL-troff
1834: .ne 2i
1835: .SH
1836: References.
1837: .IP [1]
1838: J. F. Ossanna,
1839: .I
1840: N\s-2ROFF\s0/T\s-2ROFF\s0 User's Manual,
1841: .R
1842: Computing Science Technical Report No. 54,
1843: Bell Laboratories, 1976.
1844: .IP [2]
1845: K. Thompson and D. M. Ritchie,
1846: ``The U\s-2NIX\s0 Time-Sharing System,''
1847: \fIComm. ACM. \fB17\fR, pp. 365\(mi75 (1974).
1848: .IP [3]
1849: B. W. Kernighan and L. L. Cherry,
1850: ``A System for Typesetting Mathematics,''
1851: \fIComm. ACM. \fB18\fR, pp. 151\(mi57 (1975).
1852: .IP [4]
1853: M. E. Lesk,
1854: .I
1855: Typing Documents on U\s-2NIX\s0,
1856: .R
1857: UNIX Programmer's Manual, Volume 2.
1858: .IP [5]
1859: M. E. Lesk and B. W. Kernighan,
1860: .I
1861: Computer Typesetting of Technical Journals on U\s-2NIX\s0,
1862: .R
1863: \f2Proc. AFIPS NCC\f1, vol. 46, pp. 879-888 (1977).
1864: .IP [6]
1865: J. R. Mashey and D. W. Smith,
1866: ``Documentation Tools and Techniques,''
1867: .I
1868: Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Software Engineering,
1869: .R
1870: pp. 177-181 (October, 1976).
1871: .sp 3
1872: .SH
1873: .ce
1874: List of Tbl Command Characters and Words
1875: .LP
1876: .EQ
1877: delim $$
1878: gfont roman
1879: .EN
1880: .TS
1881: center;
1882: cI cI cI
1883: aB lf1 nf1 .
1884: Command Meaning Section
1885: a A Alphabetic subcolumn 2
1886: allbox Draw box around all items 1
1887: b B Boldface item 2
1888: box Draw box around table 1
1889: c C Centered column 2
1890: center Center table in page 1
1891: doublebox Doubled box around table 1
1892: e E Equal width columns 2
1893: expand Make table full line width 1
1894: f F Font change 2
1895: i I Italic item 2
1896: l L Left adjusted column 2
1897: n N Numerical column 2
1898: \fInnn\fR Column separation 2
1899: p P Point size change 2
1900: r R Right adjusted column 2
1901: s S Spanned item 2
1902: t T Vertical spanning at top 2
1903: tab \fR(\fIx\|\fR) Change data separator character 1
1904: $fat roman "T{" ~~ fat roman "T}"$ Text block 3
1905: v V Vertical spacing change 2
1906: w W Minimum width value 2
1907: \&\s+4.\s0\fIxx\fR Included \fItroff\fR command 3
1908: \(bv Vertical line 2
1909: \(bv\|\(bv Double vertical line 2
1910: \&\s+4\v'4p'^\v'-4p'\s0 Vertical span 2
1911: \e\&\s+4\v'4p'^\v'-4p'\s0 Vertical span 3
1912: \&= Double horizontal line 2,3
1913: \&$fat "_"$ Horizontal line 2,3
1914: \&$fat "\e_"$ Short horizontal line 3
1915: \&$fat "\e"$\f3R\f2x Repeat character 3
1916: .TE
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