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Annotation of researchv10dc/man/adm/man1/ed.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH ED 1
        !             2: .CT 1 editor
        !             3: .ds . (\|\f5.\fP\|)
        !             4: .ds .. (\|\f5.,.\fP\|)
        !             5: .ds 1$ (\|\f51,$\fP\|)
        !             6: .SH NAME
        !             7: ed, e \- text editor
        !             8: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             9: .B ed
        !            10: [
        !            11: .B -
        !            12: ]
        !            13: [
        !            14: .B -o
        !            15: ]
        !            16: [
        !            17: .I file
        !            18: ]
        !            19: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            20: .I Ed
        !            21: is the standard text editor;
        !            22: .I e
        !            23: is another name for it.
        !            24: .PP
        !            25: If a
        !            26: .I file
        !            27: argument is given,
        !            28: .I ed
        !            29: simulates an
        !            30: .L e
        !            31: command (see below) on that file:
        !            32: it is read into
        !            33: .I ed's
        !            34: buffer so that it can be edited.
        !            35: The options are
        !            36: .TP
        !            37: .B -
        !            38: Suppress the printing
        !            39: of character counts by
        !            40: .LR e ,
        !            41: .LR r ,
        !            42: and
        !            43: .L w
        !            44: commands and of the confirming 
        !            45: .L !
        !            46: by
        !            47: .L !
        !            48: commands.
        !            49: .TP
        !            50: .B -o
        !            51: (for output piping)
        !            52: Place on the standard error file all output except writing by
        !            53: .L w
        !            54: commands.
        !            55: If no 
        !            56: .I file
        !            57: is given, make
        !            58: .F /dev/stdout
        !            59: the remembered file; see the
        !            60: .L e
        !            61: command below.
        !            62: .PP
        !            63: .I Ed
        !            64: operates on a `buffer', a copy of the file it is editing;
        !            65: changes made
        !            66: in the buffer have no effect on the file until a
        !            67: .L w
        !            68: (write)
        !            69: command is given.
        !            70: The copy of the text being edited resides
        !            71: in a temporary file called the 
        !            72: .IR buffer .
        !            73: .PP
        !            74: Commands to
        !            75: .I ed
        !            76: have a simple and regular structure: zero or
        !            77: more
        !            78: .I addresses
        !            79: followed by a single character
        !            80: .I command,
        !            81: possibly
        !            82: followed by parameters to the command.
        !            83: These addresses specify one or more lines in the buffer.
        !            84: Missing addresses are supplied by default.
        !            85: .PP
        !            86: In general, only one command may appear on a line.
        !            87: Certain commands allow the 
        !            88: addition of text to the buffer.
        !            89: While
        !            90: .I ed
        !            91: is accepting text, it is said
        !            92: to be in
        !            93: .I  "input mode."
        !            94: In this mode, no commands are recognized;
        !            95: all input is merely collected.
        !            96: Input mode is left by typing a period 
        !            97: .L .
        !            98: alone at the
        !            99: beginning of a line.
        !           100: .PP
        !           101: .I Ed
        !           102: supports a limited form of
        !           103: .I "regular expression"
        !           104: notation.
        !           105: A regular expression specifies
        !           106: a set of strings of characters.
        !           107: A member of this set of strings is said to be
        !           108: .I matched
        !           109: by the regular expression.
        !           110: In the following specification for regular expressions
        !           111: the word `character' means any character but newline.
        !           112: .IP 1.
        !           113: Any character except a special character
        !           114: matches itself.
        !           115: Special characters are
        !           116: the regular expression delimiter plus
        !           117: .L \e[.
        !           118: and sometimes
        !           119: .LR ^*$ .
        !           120: .IP 2.
        !           121: A
        !           122: .B .
        !           123: matches any character.
        !           124: .IP 3.
        !           125: A
        !           126: .L \e
        !           127: followed by any character except a digit,
        !           128: .LR ( ,
        !           129: or
        !           130: .L )
        !           131: matches that character.
        !           132: .IP 4.
        !           133: A nonempty string
        !           134: .I s
        !           135: bracketed
        !           136: .BI [ \|s\| ]
        !           137: (or
        !           138: .BI [^ s\| ])
        !           139: matches any character in (or not in)
        !           140: .I s.
        !           141: In 
        !           142: .I s,
        !           143: .L \e
        !           144: has no special meaning, and
        !           145: .L ]
        !           146: may only appear as
        !           147: the first letter.
        !           148: A substring 
        !           149: .IB a - b ,
        !           150: with
        !           151: .I a
        !           152: and
        !           153: .I b
        !           154: in ascending
        !           155: .SM ASCII 
        !           156: order, stands for the inclusive
        !           157: range of
        !           158: .SM ASCII 
        !           159: characters.
        !           160: .IP 5.
        !           161: A regular expression of form 1-4 followed by
        !           162: .L *
        !           163: matches a sequence of
        !           164: 0 or more matches of the regular expression.
        !           165: .IP 6.
        !           166: A regular expression,
        !           167: .I x,
        !           168: of form 1-8, bracketed
        !           169: .BI \e( \|x\| \e)
        !           170: matches what
        !           171: .I x
        !           172: matches.
        !           173: .IP 7.
        !           174: A
        !           175: .L \e
        !           176: followed by a digit 
        !           177: .I n
        !           178: matches a copy of the string that the
        !           179: bracketed regular expression beginning with the
        !           180: .IR n th
        !           181: .L \e(
        !           182: matched.
        !           183: .IP 8.
        !           184: A regular expression of form 1-8,
        !           185: .I x,
        !           186: followed by a regular expression of form 1-7,
        !           187: .I y
        !           188: matches a match for
        !           189: .I x
        !           190: followed by a match for
        !           191: .I y,
        !           192: with the
        !           193: .I x
        !           194: match being as long as possible while still permitting a
        !           195: .I y
        !           196: match.
        !           197: .IP 9.
        !           198: A regular expression of form 1-8, or a null string, preceded by
        !           199: .L ^
        !           200: (and/or followed by
        !           201: .LR $ ),
        !           202: is constrained to matches that
        !           203: begin at the left (and/or end at the right) end of a line.
        !           204: .IP 10.
        !           205: A regular expression of form 1-9 picks out the
        !           206: longest among the leftmost matches in a line.
        !           207: .IP 11.
        !           208: An empty regular expression stands for a copy of the
        !           209: last regular expression encountered.
        !           210: .PP
        !           211: Regular expressions are used in addresses to specify
        !           212: lines and in one command
        !           213: (see
        !           214: .I s
        !           215: below)
        !           216: to specify a portion of a line which is to be replaced.
        !           217: If it is desired to use one of
        !           218: the regular expression metacharacters as an ordinary
        !           219: character, that character may be preceded by `\e'.
        !           220: This also applies to the character bounding the regular
        !           221: expression (often 
        !           222: .LR / )
        !           223: and to
        !           224: .L \e
        !           225: itself.
        !           226: .PP
        !           227: To understand addressing in
        !           228: .I ed
        !           229: it is necessary to know that at any time there is a
        !           230: .I "current line."
        !           231: Generally speaking, the current line is
        !           232: the last line affected by a command; however,
        !           233: the exact effect on the current line
        !           234: is discussed under the description of
        !           235: the command.
        !           236: Addresses are constructed as follows.
        !           237: .TP
        !           238: 1.
        !           239: The character
        !           240: .LR . ,
        !           241: customarily called `dot',
        !           242: addresses the current line.
        !           243: .TP
        !           244: 2.
        !           245: The character 
        !           246: .L $
        !           247: addresses the last line of the buffer.
        !           248: .TP
        !           249: 3.
        !           250: A decimal number
        !           251: .I n
        !           252: addresses the
        !           253: .IR n -th
        !           254: line of the buffer.
        !           255: .TP
        !           256: 4.
        !           257: .BI \'x
        !           258: addresses the line marked with the name
        !           259: .IR x ,
        !           260: which must be a lower-case letter.
        !           261: Lines are marked with the
        !           262: .L k
        !           263: command described below.
        !           264: .TP
        !           265: 5.
        !           266: A regular expression enclosed in slashes 
        !           267: .L /
        !           268: addresses
        !           269: the line found by searching forward from the current line
        !           270: and stopping at the first line containing a
        !           271: string that matches the regular expression.
        !           272: If necessary the search wraps around to the beginning of the
        !           273: buffer.
        !           274: .TP
        !           275: 6.
        !           276: A regular expression enclosed in queries 
        !           277: .L ?
        !           278: addresses
        !           279: the line found by searching backward from the current line
        !           280: and stopping at the first line containing
        !           281: a string that matches the regular expression.
        !           282: If necessary
        !           283: the search wraps around to the end of the buffer.
        !           284: .TP
        !           285: 7.
        !           286: An address followed by a plus sign 
        !           287: .L +
        !           288: or a minus sign
        !           289: .L -
        !           290: followed by a decimal number specifies that address plus
        !           291: (resp. minus) the indicated number of lines.
        !           292: The plus sign may be omitted.
        !           293: .TP
        !           294: 8.
        !           295: An address followed by 
        !           296: .L +
        !           297: (or
        !           298: .LR - )
        !           299: followed by a
        !           300: regular expression enclosed in slashes specifies the first
        !           301: matching line following (or preceding) that address.
        !           302: The search wraps around if necessary.
        !           303: The 
        !           304: .L +
        !           305: may be omitted, so
        !           306: .L 0/x/
        !           307: addresses the
        !           308: .I first
        !           309: line in the buffer with an 
        !           310: .LR x .
        !           311: Enclosing the regular expression in 
        !           312: .L ?
        !           313: reverses the search direction.
        !           314: .TP
        !           315: 9.
        !           316: If an address begins with 
        !           317: .L +
        !           318: or
        !           319: .L -
        !           320: the addition or subtraction is taken with respect to the current line;
        !           321: e.g.\&
        !           322: .L -5
        !           323: is understood to mean
        !           324: .LR .-5 .
        !           325: .TP
        !           326: 10.
        !           327: If an address ends with 
        !           328: .L +
        !           329: or
        !           330: .LR - ,
        !           331: then 1 is added (resp. subtracted).
        !           332: As a consequence of this rule and rule 9,
        !           333: the address
        !           334: .L -
        !           335: refers to the line before the current line.
        !           336: Moreover,
        !           337: trailing
        !           338: .L +
        !           339: and
        !           340: .L -
        !           341: characters
        !           342: have cumulative effect, so
        !           343: .L --
        !           344: refers to the current
        !           345: line less 2.
        !           346: .TP
        !           347: 11.
        !           348: To maintain compatibility with earlier versions of the editor,
        !           349: the character 
        !           350: .L ^
        !           351: in addresses is 
        !           352: equivalent to
        !           353: .LR - .
        !           354: .PP
        !           355: Commands may require zero, one, or two addresses.
        !           356: Commands which require no addresses regard the presence
        !           357: of an address as an error.
        !           358: Commands which accept one or two addresses
        !           359: assume default addresses when insufficient are given.
        !           360: If more addresses are given than such a command requires,
        !           361: the last one or two (depending on what is accepted) are used.
        !           362: .PP
        !           363: Addresses are separated from each other typically by a comma
        !           364: .LR , .
        !           365: They may also be separated by a semicolon
        !           366: .LR ; .
        !           367: In this case the current line 
        !           368: is set to
        !           369: the previous address before the next address is interpreted.
        !           370: If no address precedes a comma or semicolon, line 1 is assumed;
        !           371: if no address follows, the last line of the buffer is assumed.
        !           372: The second address of any two-address sequence
        !           373: must correspond to a line following the line corresponding to the first address.
        !           374: .PP
        !           375: In the following list of
        !           376: .I ed
        !           377: commands, the default addresses
        !           378: are shown in parentheses.
        !           379: The parentheses are not part of
        !           380: the address, but are used to show that the given addresses are
        !           381: the default.
        !           382: `Dot' means the current line.
        !           383: .TP
        !           384: .RB \*. \|a
        !           385: .br
        !           386: .ns
        !           387: .TP
        !           388: <text>
        !           389: .br
        !           390: .ns
        !           391: .TP
        !           392: .B .
        !           393: Read the given text
        !           394: and append it after the addressed line.
        !           395: Dot is left
        !           396: on the last line input, if there
        !           397: were any, otherwise at the addressed line.
        !           398: Address 
        !           399: .L 0
        !           400: is legal for this command; text is placed
        !           401: at the beginning of the buffer.
        !           402: .TP
        !           403: .RB \*(.. \|b [ +- ][\fIpagesize\fP][ pln\fR]
        !           404: Browse.
        !           405: Print a `page', normally 20 lines.
        !           406: The optional 
        !           407: .L +
        !           408: (default) or
        !           409: .L -
        !           410: specifies whether the next or previous
        !           411: page is to be printed.
        !           412: The optional
        !           413: .I pagesize
        !           414: is the number of lines in a page.
        !           415: The optional
        !           416: .LR p ,
        !           417: .LR n ,
        !           418: or 
        !           419: .L l
        !           420: causes printing in the specified format, initially
        !           421: .LR p .
        !           422: Pagesize and format are remembered between 
        !           423: .L b
        !           424: commands.
        !           425: Dot is left at the last line displayed.
        !           426: .TP
        !           427: .RB \*(.. \|c
        !           428: .br
        !           429: .ns
        !           430: .TP
        !           431: <text>
        !           432: .br
        !           433: .ns
        !           434: .TP
        !           435: .B .
        !           436: .br
        !           437: Change.
        !           438: Delete the addressed lines, then accept input
        !           439: text to replace these lines.
        !           440: Dot is left at the last line input; if there were none,
        !           441: it is left at the line preceding the deleted lines.
        !           442: .TP
        !           443: .RB \*(.. \|d
        !           444: Delete the addressed lines from the buffer.
        !           445: Dot is set to the line following the last line deleted, or to
        !           446: the last line of the buffer if the deleted lines had no successor.
        !           447: .TP
        !           448: .BI e " filename"
        !           449: Edit.
        !           450: Delete the entire contents of the buffer;
        !           451: then read the named file into the buffer.
        !           452: Dot is set to the last line of the buffer.
        !           453: The number of characters read is typed.
        !           454: The file name is remembered for possible use in later
        !           455: .LR e ,
        !           456: .LR r ,
        !           457: or
        !           458: .L w
        !           459: commands.
        !           460: If
        !           461: .I filename
        !           462: is missing, the remembered name is used.
        !           463: .TP
        !           464: .BI E " filename"
        !           465: Unconditional
        !           466: .LR e ;
        !           467: see `DIAGNOSTICS' below.
        !           468: .TP
        !           469: .BI f " filename"
        !           470: Print the currently remembered file name.
        !           471: If
        !           472: .I filename
        !           473: is given,
        !           474: the currently remembered file name is first changed to
        !           475: .I filename.
        !           476: .TP
        !           477: .RB \*(1$ \|g/\fIregular\ expression\fP/\fIcommand\ list\fP
        !           478: .PD 0
        !           479: .TP
        !           480: .RB \*(1$ \|g/\fIregular\ expression\fP/
        !           481: .TP
        !           482: .RB \*(1$ \|g/\fIregular\ expression\fP
        !           483: .PD
        !           484: Global.
        !           485: First mark every line which matches
        !           486: the given
        !           487: .I regular expression.
        !           488: Then for every such line, execute the
        !           489: .I command list
        !           490: with dot initially set to that line.
        !           491: A single command or the first of multiple commands
        !           492: appears on the same line with the global command.
        !           493: All lines of a multi-line list except the last line must end with
        !           494: .LR \e .
        !           495: The
        !           496: .RB \&` \&. \&'
        !           497: terminating input mode for an
        !           498: .LR a ,
        !           499: .LR i ,
        !           500: .L c
        !           501: command may be omitted if it would be on the
        !           502: last line of the command list.
        !           503: The commands
        !           504: .L g
        !           505: and
        !           506: .L v
        !           507: are not permitted in the command list.
        !           508: Any character other than space or newline may
        !           509: be used instead of 
        !           510: .L /
        !           511: to delimit the regular expression.
        !           512: The second and third forms mean
        !           513: .BI g/ regular\ expression /p .
        !           514: .TP
        !           515: .RB (\| .\| ) \|i
        !           516: .PD 0
        !           517: .TP
        !           518: <text>
        !           519: .TP
        !           520: .B .
        !           521: Insert the given text before the addressed line.
        !           522: Dot is left at the last line input, or, if there were none,
        !           523: at the line before the addressed line.
        !           524: This command differs from the
        !           525: .I a
        !           526: command only in the placement of the
        !           527: text.
        !           528: .PD
        !           529: .TP
        !           530: .RB (\| .,.+1 \|) \|j
        !           531: Join the addressed lines into a single line;
        !           532: intermediate newlines are deleted.
        !           533: Dot is left at the resulting line.
        !           534: .TP
        !           535: .RB \*. \|k\fIx\fP
        !           536: Mark the addressed line with name
        !           537: .I x,
        !           538: which must be a lower-case letter.
        !           539: The address form
        !           540: .BI \' x
        !           541: then addresses this line.
        !           542: .ne 2.5
        !           543: .TP
        !           544: .RB \*(.. \|l
        !           545: List.
        !           546: Print the addressed lines in an unambiguous way:
        !           547: a tab is printed as
        !           548: .LR \et ,
        !           549: a backspace as
        !           550: .LR \eb ,
        !           551: backslashes as
        !           552: .LR \e\e ,
        !           553: and non-printing characters as
        !           554: printed as a backslash followed by three octal digits.
        !           555: Long lines are folded,
        !           556: with the second and subsequent sub-lines indented one tab stop.
        !           557: If the last character in the line is a blank,
        !           558: it is followed by
        !           559: .LR \en .
        !           560: An
        !           561: .L l
        !           562: may be appended, like
        !           563: .LR p ,
        !           564: to any non-I/O command.
        !           565: .TP
        !           566: .RB \*(.. \|m\fIa
        !           567: Move.
        !           568: Reposition the addressed lines after the line
        !           569: addressed by
        !           570: .IR a .
        !           571: Dot is left at the last moved line.
        !           572: .TP
        !           573: .RB \*(.. \|n
        !           574: Number.
        !           575: Perform
        !           576: .LR p ,
        !           577: prefixing each line with its line number and a tab.
        !           578: An
        !           579: .L n
        !           580: may be appended, like
        !           581: .LR p ,
        !           582: to any non-I/O command.
        !           583: .TP
        !           584: .RB \*(.. \|p
        !           585: Print the addressed lines.
        !           586: Dot is left at the last line printed.
        !           587: A
        !           588: .L p
        !           589: appended to any non-I/O command causes the then current line
        !           590: to be printed after the command is executed.
        !           591: .TP
        !           592: .RB \*(.. \|P
        !           593: This command is a synonym for
        !           594: .LR p .
        !           595: .TP
        !           596: .B q
        !           597: Quit the editor.
        !           598: No automatic write
        !           599: of a file is done.
        !           600: .TP
        !           601: .B Q
        !           602: Quit unconditionally; see `DIAGNOSTICS' below.
        !           603: .TP
        !           604: .RB ( $ )\|r\ \fIfilename\fP
        !           605: Read in the given file after the addressed line.
        !           606: If no
        !           607: .I filename
        !           608: is given, the remembered file name is used.
        !           609: The file name is remembered if there were no
        !           610: remembered file name already.
        !           611: If the read is successful, the number of characters
        !           612: read is typed.
        !           613: Dot is left at the last line read in from the file.
        !           614: .TP
        !           615: .RB \*(.. \|s\fIn\fP/\fIregular\ expression\fP/\fIreplacement\fP/
        !           616: .PD 0
        !           617: .TP
        !           618: .RB \*(.. \|s\fIn\fP/\fIregular\ expression\fP/\fIreplacement\fP/g
        !           619: .TP
        !           620: .RB \*(.. \|s\fIn\fP/\fIregular\ expression\fP/\fIreplacement\fP
        !           621: .PD
        !           622: Substitute.
        !           623: Search each addressed
        !           624: line for an occurrence of the specified regular expression.
        !           625: On each line in which
        !           626: .I n
        !           627: matches are found
        !           628: .RI ( n
        !           629: defaults to 1 if missing),
        !           630: the
        !           631: .IR n th
        !           632: matched string is replaced by the replacement specified.
        !           633: If the global replacement indicator 
        !           634: .L g
        !           635: appears after the command,
        !           636: all subsequent matches on the line are also replaced.
        !           637: It is an error for the substitution to fail on all addressed lines.
        !           638: Any character other than space or newline
        !           639: may be used instead of 
        !           640: .L /
        !           641: to delimit the regular expression
        !           642: and the replacement.
        !           643: Dot is left at the last line substituted.
        !           644: The third form means
        !           645: .BI s n / regular\ expression / replacement\fP/p\fR.
        !           646: The second
        !           647: .L /
        !           648: may be omitted if the replacement is
        !           649: empty.
        !           650: .IP
        !           651: An ampersand 
        !           652: .L &
        !           653: appearing in the replacement
        !           654: is replaced by the string matching the regular expression.
        !           655: The characters
        !           656: .BI \e n,
        !           657: where
        !           658: .I n
        !           659: is a digit,
        !           660: are replaced by the text matched by the
        !           661: .IR n -th
        !           662: regular subexpression
        !           663: enclosed between
        !           664: .L \e(
        !           665: and
        !           666: .LR \e) .
        !           667: When
        !           668: nested, parenthesized subexpressions
        !           669: are present,
        !           670: .I n
        !           671: is determined by counting occurrences of
        !           672: .LR \e (
        !           673: starting from the left.
        !           674: .IP
        !           675: A literal 
        !           676: .LR & ,
        !           677: .LR / ,
        !           678: .L \e
        !           679: or newline may be included in a replacement
        !           680: by prefixing it with
        !           681: .LR \e .
        !           682: .TP
        !           683: .RB \*(.. \|t\|\fIa
        !           684: Transfer.
        !           685: Copy the addressed lines 
        !           686: after the line addressed by
        !           687: .I a.
        !           688: Dot is left at the last line of the copy.
        !           689: .TP
        !           690: .RB \*(.. \|u
        !           691: Undo.
        !           692: Restore the preceding contents
        !           693: of the current line, which must be the last line
        !           694: in which a substitution was made.
        !           695: .TP
        !           696: .RB \*(1$ \|v/\fIregular\ expression\fP/\fIcommand\ list\fP
        !           697: .PD 0
        !           698: .TP
        !           699: .RB \*(1$ \|v/\fIregular\ expression\fP/
        !           700: .TP
        !           701: .RB \*(1$ \|v/\fIregular\ expression\fP
        !           702: .PD
        !           703: This command is the same as the global command
        !           704: .L g
        !           705: except that the command list is executed with
        !           706: dot initially set to every line
        !           707: .I except
        !           708: those
        !           709: matching the regular expression.
        !           710: .TP
        !           711: .RB \*(1$ \|w " \fIfilename\fP"
        !           712: Write the addressed lines onto
        !           713: the given file.
        !           714: If the file does not exist,
        !           715: it is created with mode 666 (readable and writable by everyone).
        !           716: If no
        !           717: .I filename
        !           718: is given, the remembered file name, if any, is used.
        !           719: The file name is remembered if there were no 
        !           720: remembered file name already.
        !           721: Dot is unchanged.
        !           722: If the write is successful, the number of characters written is
        !           723: printed.
        !           724: .TP
        !           725: .RB \*(1$ \|W " \fIfilename\fP"
        !           726: Perform
        !           727: .LR w ,
        !           728: but append to, instead of overwriting, any existing file contents.
        !           729: .TP
        !           730: .RB ( $ ) \|=
        !           731: Print the line number of the addressed line.
        !           732: Dot is unchanged.
        !           733: .TP
        !           734: .BI ! shell\ command
        !           735: Send the remainder of the line after the 
        !           736: .L !
        !           737: to
        !           738: .IR sh (1)
        !           739: to be interpreted as a command.
        !           740: Dot is unchanged.
        !           741: .TP
        !           742: .RB (\| .+1 )\|<newline>
        !           743: An address without a command is taken as a
        !           744: .L p 
        !           745: command.
        !           746: A terminal
        !           747: .L /
        !           748: may be omitted from the address.
        !           749: A blank line alone is equivalent to
        !           750: .LR .+1p ;
        !           751: it is useful
        !           752: for stepping through text.
        !           753: .PP
        !           754: If an interrupt signal 
        !           755: .SM (ASCII DEL)
        !           756: is sent,
        !           757: .I ed
        !           758: prints a 
        !           759: .L ?
        !           760: and returns to its command level.
        !           761: .PP
        !           762: When reading a file,
        !           763: .I ed
        !           764: discards
        !           765: .SM ASCII NUL
        !           766: characters
        !           767: and all characters after the last newline.
        !           768: It refuses to read files containing non-\c
        !           769: .SM ASCII
        !           770: characters.
        !           771: .SH FILES
        !           772: .F /tmp/e*
        !           773: .br
        !           774: .F ed.hup
        !           775: \ \ work is saved here if terminal hangs up
        !           776: .SH "SEE ALSO"
        !           777: .IR sam (9.1), 
        !           778: .IR sed (1), 
        !           779: .IR vi (1)
        !           780: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !           781: .BI ? name
        !           782: for inaccessible file;
        !           783: .L ?TMP
        !           784: for temporary file overflow;
        !           785: .L ?
        !           786: for errors in commands or other overflows.
        !           787: .PP
        !           788: To protect against throwing away valuable work,
        !           789: a
        !           790: .L q
        !           791: or
        !           792: .L e
        !           793: command is considered to be in error if the buffer has
        !           794: been modified since the last
        !           795: .LR w ,
        !           796: .LR q ,
        !           797: or
        !           798: .L e
        !           799: command.

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