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Annotation of researchv10dc/man/adm/man1/sort.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH SORT 1 
        !             2: .CT 1 files
        !             3: .SH NAME
        !             4: sort \- sort and/or merge files
        !             5: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             6: .B sort
        !             7: [
        !             8: .BI -cmuMbdf\&inrt x
        !             9: ]
        !            10: [
        !            11: .BI + pos1
        !            12: [
        !            13: .BI - pos2
        !            14: ] ...
        !            15: ]
        !            16: [
        !            17: .B -o
        !            18: .I output
        !            19: ]
        !            20: [
        !            21: .I option ...
        !            22: ]
        !            23: [
        !            24: .I file ...
        !            25: ]
        !            26: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            27: .I Sort\^
        !            28: sorts
        !            29: lines of all the
        !            30: .I files
        !            31: together and writes the result on
        !            32: the standard output.
        !            33: The name
        !            34: .B -
        !            35: means
        !            36: the standard input.
        !            37: If no input files are named, the standard input is sorted.
        !            38: .PP
        !            39: The default sort key is an entire line.
        !            40: Default ordering is
        !            41: lexicographic by bytes in machine
        !            42: collating sequence.
        !            43: The ordering is affected globally by the following options,
        !            44: one or more of which may appear.
        !            45: .TP
        !            46: .B -M
        !            47: Compare as months.
        !            48: The first three
        !            49: non-white space characters
        !            50: of the field
        !            51: are folded
        !            52: to lower case
        !            53: and compared
        !            54: so that
        !            55: .L jan
        !            56: precedes
        !            57: .LR feb ,
        !            58: etc.
        !            59: Invalid fields
        !            60: compare low to
        !            61: .LR jan .
        !            62: .TP
        !            63: .B -b
        !            64: Ignore leading white space (spaces and tabs) in field comparisons.
        !            65: .TP
        !            66: .B -d
        !            67: `Phone directory' order: only letters, digits and white space
        !            68: are significant in comparisons.
        !            69: .TP
        !            70: .B -f
        !            71: Fold upper case
        !            72: letters onto lower case.
        !            73: .TP
        !            74: .B -i
        !            75: Ignore characters outside the
        !            76: .SM ASCII
        !            77: range 040-0176
        !            78: in non-numeric comparisons.
        !            79: .TP
        !            80: .B -n
        !            81: An initial numeric string,
        !            82: consisting of optional white space, optional minus sign,
        !            83: and zero or more digits with optional decimal point,
        !            84: is sorted by arithmetic value.
        !            85: Option
        !            86: .B -n
        !            87: implies option
        !            88: .BR -b .
        !            89: .TP
        !            90: .B -g
        !            91: Numbers, like
        !            92: .B -n 
        !            93: but with optional 
        !            94: .BR e -style
        !            95: exponents, are sorted by value.
        !            96: .TP
        !            97: .B -r
        !            98: Reverse the sense of comparisons.
        !            99: .TP
        !           100: .BI -t x\^
        !           101: `Tab character' separating fields is
        !           102: .IR x .
        !           103: .PP
        !           104: The notation
        !           105: .BI + "pos1\| " - pos2\^
        !           106: restricts a sort key to a field beginning at
        !           107: .I pos1\^
        !           108: and ending just before
        !           109: .IR pos2 .
        !           110: .I Pos1\^
        !           111: and
        !           112: .I pos2\^
        !           113: each have the form
        !           114: .IB m . n ,
        !           115: optionally followed by one or more of the flags
        !           116: .BR Mbdfginr ,
        !           117: where
        !           118: .I m\^
        !           119: tells a number of fields to skip from the beginning of the line and
        !           120: .I n\^
        !           121: tells a number of characters to skip further.
        !           122: If any flags are present they override all the global
        !           123: ordering options for this key.
        !           124: A missing
        !           125: .BI \&. n\^
        !           126: means
        !           127: .B \&.0;
        !           128: a missing
        !           129: .BI - pos2\^
        !           130: means the end of the line.
        !           131: Under the
        !           132: .BI -t x\^
        !           133: option, fields are strings separated by
        !           134: .IR x ;
        !           135: otherwise fields are
        !           136: non-empty strings separated by white space.
        !           137: White space before a field
        !           138: is part of the field, except under option
        !           139: .BR -b .
        !           140: A
        !           141: .B b
        !           142: flag may be attached independently to
        !           143: .IR pos1
        !           144: and
        !           145: .IR pos2.
        !           146: .PP
        !           147: When there are multiple sort keys, later keys
        !           148: are compared only after all earlier keys
        !           149: compare equal.
        !           150: Lines that otherwise compare equal are ordered
        !           151: with all bytes significant.
        !           152: .PP
        !           153: These option arguments are also understood:
        !           154: .TP
        !           155: .B -c
        !           156: Check that the single input file is sorted according to the ordering rules;
        !           157: give no output unless the file is out of sort.
        !           158: .TP
        !           159: .B -m
        !           160: Merge; the input files are already sorted.
        !           161: .TP
        !           162: .B -u
        !           163: Suppress all but one in each
        !           164: set of equal lines.
        !           165: Ignored bytes
        !           166: and bytes outside keys
        !           167: do not participate in
        !           168: this comparison.
        !           169: .TP
        !           170: .B -o
        !           171: The next argument is the name of an output file
        !           172: to use instead of the standard output.
        !           173: This file may be the same as one of the inputs.
        !           174: .TP
        !           175: .BI -T " tempdir
        !           176: Put temporary files in
        !           177: .I tempdir
        !           178: rather than in (the default)
        !           179: .BR /usr/tmp .
        !           180: .TP
        !           181: .BI -y memory
        !           182: Suggests the use of the specified number of 
        !           183: bytes of internal store in hopes of tuning performance;
        !           184: 0 is appropriate for very small files, a missing
        !           185: number for huge ones.
        !           186: .TP
        !           187: .BI -z recsize
        !           188: Provide for abnormally large records;
        !           189: useful only with
        !           190: .B -c
        !           191: and
        !           192: .B -m
        !           193: .SH EXAMPLES
        !           194: .TP
        !           195: .L sort -u +0f +0 list
        !           196: Print in alphabetical order all the unique spellings
        !           197: in a list of words
        !           198: where capitalized words differ from uncapitalized.
        !           199: .TP
        !           200: .L sort -t: +2n /etc/passwd
        !           201: Print the password file
        !           202: .RI ( passwd (5))
        !           203: sorted by userid
        !           204: (the third colon-separated field).
        !           205: .TP
        !           206: .L sort -umM dates
        !           207: Print the first instance of each month in an already sorted file.
        !           208: Options
        !           209: .B -um
        !           210: with just one input file make the choice of a
        !           211: unique representative from a set of equal lines predictable.
        !           212: .TP
        !           213: .L
        !           214: grep -n '^' input | sort -t: +1f +0n | sed 's/[0-9]*://'
        !           215: A stable sort: input lines that compare equal will 
        !           216: come out in their original order.
        !           217: .SH FILES
        !           218: .F /usr/tmp/stm???
        !           219: .SH SEE ALSO
        !           220: .IR comm (1),
        !           221: .IR join (1),
        !           222: .IR uniq (1),
        !           223: .IR look (1)
        !           224: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !           225: .I Sort
        !           226: comments and exits with non-zero status for various trouble
        !           227: conditions and for disorder discovered under option
        !           228: .BR -c .
        !           229: .SH BUGS
        !           230: Option
        !           231: .B -g
        !           232: compares rounded floating binary values.
        !           233: .br
        !           234: Syntax needs overhauling.

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