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Annotation of researchv10dc/man/adm/man1/xd.1, revision 1.1.1.1

1.1       root        1: .TH XD 1
                      2: .CT 1 files
                      3: .SH NAME
                      4: xd, od \(mi hex, octal, decimal, or ASCII dump
                      5: .SH SYNOPSIS
                      6: .B xd
                      7: [
                      8: .I option ...
                      9: ]
                     10: [
                     11: .BI - "format ...
                     12: ] [
                     13: .I file ...
                     14: ]
                     15: .PP
                     16: .B od
                     17: [
                     18: .B -bcdox
                     19: ]
                     20: [
                     21: .I file
                     22: ]
                     23: [
                     24: .BI + offset
                     25: ]
                     26: .SH DESCRIPTION
                     27: .I Xd
                     28: concatenates and dumps the
                     29: .I files
                     30: (standard input by default)
                     31: in one or more formats.
                     32: Groups of 16 bytes are printed in each of the named formats, one
                     33: format per line.
                     34: Each line of output is prefixed by its address (byte offset)
                     35: in the input file.
                     36: The first line of output for each group is zero-padded; subsequent are blank-padded.
                     37: .PP
                     38: Formats other than
                     39: .B -c
                     40: are specified by pairs of characters telling size and style,
                     41: .L 4x
                     42: by default.
                     43: The sizes are
                     44: .TP \w'2\ or\ w\ \ \ 'u
                     45: .BR 1 " or " b
                     46: 1-byte units.
                     47: .PD0
                     48: .TP
                     49: .BR 2 " or " w
                     50: 2-byte units.
                     51: .TP
                     52: .BR 4 " or " l
                     53: 4-byte units.
                     54: .PD
                     55: .PP
                     56: The styles are
                     57: .TP \w'2\ or\ w\ \ \ 'u
                     58: .B o
                     59: Octal.
                     60: .PD0
                     61: .TP
                     62: .B x
                     63: Hexadecimal.
                     64: .TP
                     65: .B d
                     66: Decimal.
                     67: .PD
                     68: .PP
                     69: Other options are
                     70: .TP
                     71: .B -c
                     72: Format as
                     73: .B 1x
                     74: but print
                     75: .SM ASCII
                     76: representations or C escape sequences where possible.
                     77: .TP
                     78: .BI -a style
                     79: Print file addresses in the given style (and size 4).
                     80: .TP
                     81: .B -s
                     82: Reverse (swab) the order of bytes in each group of 4 before printing.
                     83: .TP
                     84: .B -r
                     85: Print repeating groups of identical 16-byte sequences as the first group
                     86: followed by an asterisk.
                     87: .PP
                     88: .I Od
                     89: dumps a
                     90: .I file
                     91: or the standard input in
                     92: one or more formats as
                     93: selected by the first argument, octal by default.
                     94: .PP
                     95: The format characters mean
                     96: .TP
                     97: .B  b
                     98: Bytes in octal.
                     99: .PD0
                    100: .TP
                    101: .B  c
                    102: Bytes in 
                    103: .SM ASCII
                    104: with C escapes and 3-digit octal for other characters.
                    105: .TP
                    106: .B d
                    107: 16-bit words in decimal.
                    108: .TP
                    109: .B  o
                    110: 16-bit words in octal.
                    111: .TP
                    112: .B  x
                    113: 16-bit words in hex.
                    114: .PP
                    115: The
                    116: .I offset
                    117: argument tells where in the file
                    118: to begin dumping.
                    119: The offset, normally interpreted
                    120: in octal, is interpreted in hexadecimal if it
                    121: begins with
                    122: .L x
                    123: or
                    124: .LR 0x ,
                    125: and in decimal if it ends with 
                    126: .L .
                    127: or
                    128: .LR .b .
                    129: If it ends in
                    130: .LR b ,
                    131: it is multiplied by 512.
                    132: The preceding
                    133: .BR + 
                    134: may be omitted if
                    135: .I file
                    136: is present.
                    137: .SH "SEE ALSO"
                    138: .IR adb (1),
                    139: .IR strings (1),
                    140: .IR vis (1)
                    141: .SH BUGS
                    142: The various output formats don't line up properly in the output of
                    143: .I xd.
                    144: .br
                    145: A spurious zero byte reported by
                    146: .I od
                    147: at the end 
                    148: of odd-length files is betrayed by the correctly
                    149: printed final address.
                    150: .br
                    151: The
                    152: .I offset
                    153: is ineffectual if 
                    154: .IR lseek (2)
                    155: won't work on the
                    156: .I file.
                    157: .br
                    158: On some raw devices offsets must be a multiple
                    159: of the natural block size.

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