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Annotation of researchv10dc/man/man1/bcp.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH BCP 1 
        !             2: .CT 1 graphics
        !             3: .SH NAME
        !             4: bcp \(mi reformat black-and-white picture files
        !             5: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             6: .B bcp
        !             7: [
        !             8: .I option ...
        !             9: ]
        !            10: [
        !            11: .I file1
        !            12: [
        !            13: .I file2
        !            14: ]
        !            15: ]
        !            16: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            17: .I Bcp
        !            18: copies black-and-white (B&W) image
        !            19: .I file1
        !            20: to
        !            21: .I file2,
        !            22: optionally changing the file format and transforming the image.
        !            23: If
        !            24: .I file1
        !            25: is a directory name,
        !            26: then every leaf of its file tree is processed in turn; and, in this case,
        !            27: if
        !            28: .I file2
        !            29: also is specified, it is made the root directory
        !            30: of an isomorphic tree of output files.
        !            31: If
        !            32: .I file2
        !            33: is not specified, all output is catenated to stdout.
        !            34: .PP
        !            35: .I Bcp
        !            36: can copy among all the B&W
        !            37: .IR picfile (5)
        !            38: formats, and some others.
        !            39: The default output format is 
        !            40: .BR TYPE=ccitt-g4 .
        !            41: Image transformations include trimming, translation, scaling, and rotation,
        !            42: performed in that order (not in argument order).
        !            43: .PP
        !            44: Input files in
        !            45: .IR picfile (5)
        !            46: format must begin with an ASCII 
        !            47: .BI TYPE= type
        !            48: header line.
        !            49: .I Types
        !            50: supported both as input and output are:
        !            51: .nr xx \w'\fLccitt-g4\ '
        !            52: .TP \n(xxu
        !            53: .B dump
        !            54: One byte/pixel.
        !            55: .B NCHAN=1
        !            56: is required.
        !            57: On input, the grey pixel values are thresholded
        !            58: to B&W;
        !            59: see option
        !            60: .BR -T .
        !            61: On output, black becomes 0 and white 255.
        !            62: .TP
        !            63: .B bitmap
        !            64: One bit/pixel.
        !            65: Essentially Sun rasterfile format, with a
        !            66: .IR picfile (5)
        !            67: header replacing the Sun binary header.
        !            68: .TP
        !            69: .B ccitt-g4
        !            70: CCITT Group 4 FAX encoding, strongly compressive on printed text.
        !            71: Also,
        !            72: .B ccitt-g31
        !            73: (Group 3, 1-dim)
        !            74: and
        !            75: .B ccitt-g32
        !            76: (Group 3, 2-dim; see
        !            77: .BR -k ).
        !            78: .LP
        !            79: Other supported
        !            80: .I types
        !            81: are:
        !            82: .TP \n(xxu
        !            83: .B binary
        !            84: One bit/pixel encoding; obsolescent, but needed for old image archives.
        !            85: Both input and output.
        !            86: .TP
        !            87: .B rle
        !            88: Fast run-length encoding; obsolescent, but needed for old image archives.
        !            89: Input or output, but not both.
        !            90: .TP
        !            91: .B pico
        !            92: Same as
        !            93: .BR dump .
        !            94: Input only.
        !            95: .TP
        !            96: .B cdf
        !            97: `Compound document format', used in AT&T FAX Connection product.
        !            98: Input only.
        !            99: Only the first of multiple pages is read.
        !           100: .LP
        !           101: Other formats not using a 
        !           102: .BI TYPE= type
        !           103: header, are:
        !           104: .IR bitfile (9.5)
        !           105: format;
        !           106: tiff 5.0 format;
        !           107: PostScript bitmap format (output only); and
        !           108: Sun rasterfile format.
        !           109: Input tiff files may be encoded using the Group\ 3 or Group\ 4
        !           110: schemes, LZW algorithm, modified Huffman encoding, Apple PackBits, or
        !           111: uncompressed.  Sun rasterfiles may be encoded using no compression,
        !           112: or the byte-length encoding scheme.
        !           113: .PP
        !           114: The options are:
        !           115: .TP \n(xxu
        !           116: .B -B[io]
        !           117: Read/write
        !           118: .IR bitfile (9.5)
        !           119: format (no 
        !           120: .BI TYPE= type
        !           121: header).
        !           122: .TP
        !           123: .B -Fc
        !           124: Write tiff format, compression scheme c, where c is g3 or g31 (1-dim
        !           125: Group\ 3), g32 (2-dim Group\ 3), g4 (Group\ 4), L (LZW compression),
        !           126: P (Apple PackBits), or N (no compression).
        !           127: .TP
        !           128: .B -M
        !           129: Write 
        !           130: .B TYPE=bitmap
        !           131: format.
        !           132: .TP
        !           133: .B -P
        !           134: Write Postscript format. 
        !           135: .TP
        !           136: .BI -R x , y
        !           137: Force output resolutions to 
        !           138: .I x,y
        !           139: (pixels/inch).
        !           140: If 
        !           141: .BI , y
        !           142: is missing, it is taken to be the same as
        !           143: .I x.
        !           144: Overrides
        !           145: .BI -x x , y .
        !           146: Requires a 
        !           147: .BI RES= "x y
        !           148: line in the header (but, see 
        !           149: .BR -Z ).
        !           150: .TP
        !           151: .B -R=
        !           152: Force the output resolution to be equal to the greater of
        !           153: the input resolutions.
        !           154: .TP
        !           155: .B -S
        !           156: Write Sun rasterfile format (standard encoding).
        !           157: .TP
        !           158: .BI -T t
        !           159: Threshold.
        !           160: When reading 
        !           161: .BR TYPE=dump ,
        !           162: assign black to grey levels less than
        !           163: .I t,
        !           164: and white to others.
        !           165: Default:
        !           166: .BR -T128 .
        !           167: .TP
        !           168: .BI -Z x , y
        !           169: Force input 
        !           170: .BI RES= "x y.
        !           171: .TP
        !           172: .B -b
        !           173: Write 
        !           174: .B TYPE=binary
        !           175: format.
        !           176: .TP
        !           177: .B -g4
        !           178: .br
        !           179: .ns
        !           180: .TP
        !           181: .B -4
        !           182: Write 
        !           183: .B TYPE=ccitt-g4
        !           184: format.
        !           185: Similarly, 
        !           186: .B -g31
        !           187: or
        !           188: .B -31
        !           189: and 
        !           190: .B -g32
        !           191: or
        !           192: .BR -32 .
        !           193: .TP
        !           194: .BI -k n
        !           195: Set the `k' for 
        !           196: .B ccitt-g32
        !           197: encoding on output (default
        !           198: .BR -k4 ).
        !           199: .TP
        !           200: .BI -o x , y
        !           201: Offset (translate) the image by 
        !           202: .I x,y
        !           203: pixels.
        !           204: The width and height of the picture are not changed.
        !           205: .TP
        !           206: .B -p
        !           207: Write 
        !           208: .B TYPE=dump NCHAN=1
        !           209: format.
        !           210: Map black to 0, white to 255.
        !           211: .TP
        !           212: .B -r
        !           213: Write 
        !           214: .B TYPE=rle
        !           215: format.
        !           216: .TP
        !           217: .B -tl
        !           218: Rotate the image to bring the left edge of the page to the top.
        !           219: Set top-left corner of the rotated
        !           220: image at the top-left corner of the image.
        !           221: .TP
        !           222: .BI -t d
        !           223: Rotate the image 
        !           224: .I d
        !           225: degrees counterclockwise about its center.
        !           226: .I d
        !           227: is a real number.
        !           228: .TP
        !           229: .BI -w l,t,r,b
        !           230: Specify window (trim the image):
        !           231: .I l,t
        !           232: is the left-top corner and 
        !           233: .I r,b
        !           234: the right-bottom corner measured in pixels.
        !           235: If the new margins are outside the original picture,
        !           236: the new area is set to white.
        !           237: An argument given as
        !           238: .L %
        !           239: leaves the edge unchanged.
        !           240: .TP
        !           241: .BI -x x , y
        !           242: Expand/contract (scale) the image, by real factors 
        !           243: .I x
        !           244: and
        !           245: .I y.
        !           246: If
        !           247: .BI , y
        !           248: is missing,
        !           249: .I y
        !           250: is taken to be the same as
        !           251: .I x.
        !           252: May be overridden by 
        !           253: .BI -R x , y.
        !           254: Requires a 
        !           255: .BI RES= "x y
        !           256: line in the header (but, see 
        !           257: .BR -Z ).
        !           258: .SH SEE ALSO
        !           259: .IR cscan (1),
        !           260: .IR imscan (1),
        !           261: .IR ocr (1),
        !           262: .IR pico (1),
        !           263: .IR picfile (5)
        !           264: .br
        !           265: CCITT facsimile coding standards Rec. T.4(1988) and T.6(1988).
        !           266: .SH BUGS
        !           267: Concatenated pages are supported, but only if each new page has a complete
        !           268: header.
        !           269: .br
        !           270: Scaling is accomplished by naive replication/deletion of pixels.
        !           271: .br
        !           272: Rotation by small angles exhibits aliasing effects, and is slow.
        !           273: .br
        !           274: Rotations
        !           275: .B -tr
        !           276: and
        !           277: .B -tb
        !           278: are unfinished.
        !           279: .br
        !           280: CCITT FAX `uncompressed' (or, `transparent') mode is not implemented.
        !           281: .br
        !           282: Postscript output is useful only for small images.
        !           283: .br
        !           284: .BI WINDOW= "l t r b
        !           285: where
        !           286: .I l
        !           287: or
        !           288: .I t
        !           289: is non-zero
        !           290: may not be handled correctly for every combination of file types.
        !           291: .br
        !           292: tiff LZW compression may not be working properly (input and output).
        !           293: .br
        !           294: .B TYPE=rle
        !           295: can't be both input and output.
        !           296: .br
        !           297: Should be merged with T. Duff's
        !           298: .I pcp.

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