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1.1 root 1: .TH PS 1
2: .CT 1 proc_man sa_mortals
3: .SH NAME
4: ps \(mi process status
5: .SH SYNOPSIS
6: .B ps
7: .I option
8: \&...
9: .SH DESCRIPTION
10: .I Ps
11: prints information about processes.
12: .PP
13: For each process reported,
14: the process id,
15: control terminal,
16: status,
17: cpu time,
18: and command name are printed.
19: Status is at least one of the following letters:
20: .TP
21: .PD 0
22: .B R
23: Runnable.
24: .TP
25: .B S
26: Asleep for less than 20 seconds.
27: .TP
28: .B I
29: Asleep for 20 seconds or more.
30: .TP
31: .B P
32: Waiting for memory to be paged in.
33: .TP
34: .B T
35: Stopped by a debugger.
36: .TP
37: .B W
38: Swapped out of memory.
39: .TP
40: .B N
41: Positive scheduling priority;
42: see
43: .IR nice (2).
44: .PD
45: .PP
46: These options modify the report for each process:
47: .TP
48: .B f
49: Print additional lines listing each open file in use by the process.
50: .PD 0
51: .TP
52: .B ff
53: Print open files,
54: but omit the process id at the beginning of each line.
55: .TP
56: .B h
57: Print column headers.
58: .TP
59: .B l
60: Also print virtual size and current resident size in kilobytes,
61: parent process id,
62: and wait channel.
63: .TP
64: .B n
65: Don't sort the output.
66: .TP
67: .B u
68: Also print effective userid
69: and recent cpu share;
70: sort by cpu share
71: rather than by process id.
72: .PD
73: .PP
74: By default,
75: processes running under the current real userid
76: that don't appear to be shells
77: are reported.
78: These options pick different processes:
79: .TP
80: .B a
81: Report processes running under any userid.
82: .PD 0
83: .TP
84: .BI F file
85: Report processes using the named
86: .IR file .
87: .TP
88: .B r
89: Report processes with real or effective userid
90: matching the current real userid.
91: .TP
92: .BI t s
93: Report processes with controlling terminal
94: .IR s .
95: .I S
96: may be
97: .L .
98: (the current controlling terminal)
99: or one of the abbreviations printed by
100: .IR ps ,
101: e.g.
102: .L 03
103: for
104: .FR /dev/tty03 ,
105: .L dk26
106: for
107: .FR /dev/dk/dk26 ,
108: or
109: .L ?
110: for processes with no control terminal.
111: .TP
112: .B x
113: Include processes that appear to be shells.
114: .TP
115: .I num
116: Report the process with process id
117: .IR num .
118: .PD
119: .PP
120: Multiple
121: .BR F ", " t ", and"
122: .I num
123: options are allowed; the union of all selections is printed.
124: .PP
125: By default,
126: .I ps
127: looks for process data in the process file system
128: .IR proc (4),
129: but reads
130: .F /dev/drum
131: for information about swapped processes
132: (to avoid swapping them in just to look at them)
133: and
134: .F /dev/kmem
135: for information about open files.
136: These options cause it to gather information differently:
137: .TP
138: .B o
139: .PD 0
140: Ignore
141: .IR proc (4);
142: read directly from
143: .F /dev/mem
144: and the swap area.
145: Useful mostly in single-user mode
146: or when examining a crash dump.
147: .TP
148: .BI M mem
149: Read memory data from
150: .IR mem
151: instead of
152: .F /dev/mem
153: or
154: .FR /dev/kmem .
155: .TP
156: .BI D swap
157: Read swap data from
158: .I swap
159: instead of
160: .FR /dev/drum .
161: .TP
162: .BI Nname
163: Read symbols from
164: .I name
165: instead of
166: .FR /unix .
167: This matters only under
168: option
169: .BR o .
170: .PD
171: .PP
172: To examine a crash dump,
173: use
174: .BI "ps oM" dumpfile.
175: Option
176: .B M
177: changes the default swap device to
178: .FR /dev/null .
179: .SH FILES
180: .TF /lib/ttydevs
181: .TP
182: .F /proc
183: process images
184: .TP
185: .F /dev/drum
186: swap device
187: .TP
188: .F /dev/kmem
189: kernel memory
190: .TP
191: .F /dev/mem
192: physical memory
193: .TP
194: .F /lib/ttydevs
195: searched to find tty names
196: .TP
197: .F /etc/fstab
198: searched to find local file system names
199: .SH "SEE ALSO"
200: .IR kill (1),
201: .IR proc (4),
202: .IR load (1),
203: .IR pstat (8)
204: .SH BUGS
205: Things can change while
206: .I ps
207: is running.
208: .br
209: Since
210: .I ps
211: is usually set-userid,
212: filename arguments like that to
213: .L -M
214: are potential security botches.
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