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1.1 ! root 1: .TH TAIL 1 ! 2: .if t .ds pm \*(+- ! 3: .if n .ds pm +- ! 4: .CT 1 files ! 5: .SH NAME ! 6: tail, readslow, head \- print the last part of a file ! 7: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 8: .B tail ! 9: [ ! 10: .I otion ... ! 11: .BR \*(pm \fInumber\fP[ lbc ][ rf ] ! 12: ] ! 13: [ ! 14: .I file ! 15: ] ! 16: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 17: .I Tail ! 18: copies the named file to the standard output beginning ! 19: at a designated place, normally 10 lines from the end. ! 20: If no file is named, the standard input is used. ! 21: The options are ! 22: .TP ! 23: .BR \*(pm \fInumber\fP[ lbc ][ rf ] ! 24: Copying begins at position ! 25: .BI + number ! 26: measured from the beginning, or ! 27: .BI - number ! 28: from the end of the input. ! 29: .I Number ! 30: is counted in lines, 1K blocks or characters, ! 31: according to the appended flag ! 32: .LR l ! 33: (default), ! 34: .LR b , ! 35: or ! 36: .LR c . ! 37: Further flags ! 38: .L r ! 39: and ! 40: .L f ! 41: have the effect of options ! 42: .B -r ! 43: and ! 44: .B -l . ! 45: .TP ! 46: .B -r ! 47: Print lines from the end of the file in reverse order. ! 48: Default line count is unbounded. ! 49: .TP ! 50: .B -f ! 51: Follow. ! 52: After printing to the end, keep watch and ! 53: print further data as it appears. ! 54: .TP ! 55: .BI "-c \*(pm" number ! 56: .br ! 57: .ns ! 58: .TP ! 59: .BI "-n \*(pm" number ! 60: .I Number ! 61: may be signed, with sign ! 62: .B - ! 63: assumed by default. ! 64: The effect is the same as ! 65: .BI \*(pm number c ! 66: or ! 67: .BI \*(pm number l ! 68: [sic] respectively. ! 69: .SH EXAMPLES ! 70: .TP ! 71: .B tail file ! 72: Print the last 10 lines of a file. ! 73: .TP ! 74: .B tail +0f file ! 75: Print a file, and continue to watch ! 76: data accumulate as it grows. ! 77: A similar function is sometimes called ! 78: .I readslow. ! 79: .TP ! 80: .B sed 10q file ! 81: Print the first 10 lines of a file. ! 82: A similar function is sometimes called ! 83: .I head. ! 84: .SH "SEE ALSO" ! 85: .IR dd (1) ! 86: .SH BUGS ! 87: Tails relative to the end of the file ! 88: are treasured up in a buffer, and thus ! 89: are limited in length, even under option ! 90: .BR -r . ! 91: .br ! 92: According to custom, option ! 93: .BI + number ! 94: counts lines from 1, and counts ! 95: blocks and characters from 0.
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