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Annotation of researchv10dc/man/man3/getopt.3, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH GETOPT 3
        !             2: .CT 2 data_man
        !             3: .SH NAME
        !             4: getopt \(mi get option letter from argv
        !             5: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             6: .nf
        !             7: .B int getopt (argc, argv, optstring)
        !             8: .B int argc;
        !             9: .B char **argv;
        !            10: .B char *optstring;
        !            11: .PP
        !            12: .B extern char *optarg;
        !            13: .B extern int optind;
        !            14: .B extern int opterr;
        !            15: .fi
        !            16: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            17: .I Getopt
        !            18: returns the next option letter in
        !            19: .I argv
        !            20: that matches a letter in
        !            21: .IR optstring .
        !            22: .I Optstring
        !            23: is a string of recognized option letters;
        !            24: if a letter is followed by a colon, the option
        !            25: is expected to have an argument, which may or
        !            26: may not be separated from it by white space.
        !            27: .I Optarg
        !            28: is set to point to the start of the option argument, if any.
        !            29: .PP
        !            30: .I Optind,
        !            31: initially 1, holds the index in
        !            32: .I argv
        !            33: of the next argument to be processed.
        !            34: When
        !            35: .I opterr
        !            36: is nonzero (the default state), errors cause
        !            37: diagnostic messages.
        !            38: .PP
        !            39: Option letters appear in nonempty clusters preceded by 
        !            40: .BR - .
        !            41: The special option
        !            42: .L --
        !            43: may be used to mark the end of the options.
        !            44: .SH EXAMPLES
        !            45: This fragment processes arguments
        !            46: for a command that can take option
        !            47: .B a
        !            48: and option
        !            49: .BR f ,
        !            50: which requires an argument.
        !            51: .PP
        !            52: .EX
        !            53: .ta \w'12345678'u +\w'12345678'u
        !            54: main (argc, argv) char **argv;
        !            55: {
        !            56:        int c, errflg = 0;
        !            57:        extern int optind;
        !            58:        extern char *optarg, *ifile;
        !            59:        while((c = getopt(argc, argv, "af:")) != -1)
        !            60:                switch (c){
        !            61:                case 'a':  aflg=1; break;
        !            62:                case 'f':  ifile = optarg; break;
        !            63:                case '?':  errflg=1; break;
        !            64:                }
        !            65:        if(errflg){
        !            66:                fprintf(stderr, "usage: . . . ");
        !            67:                exit(2);
        !            68:        }
        !            69:        for( ; optind < argc; optind++){
        !            70:                if(access(argv[optind], 4)){
        !            71:                        ...
        !            72:                }
        !            73:        }
        !            74:        ...
        !            75: }
        !            76: .EE
        !            77: .SH SEE ALSO
        !            78: .IR getflags (3)
        !            79: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !            80: When all options have been processed,
        !            81: \-1 is returned;
        !            82: .I optind
        !            83: refers to the first non-option argument.
        !            84: .br
        !            85: When 
        !            86: .I getopt
        !            87: encounters an option letter not included in
        !            88: .I optstring
        !            89: or finds an option argument missing, it prints a diagnostic on
        !            90: .B stderr
        !            91: under control of
        !            92: .I opterr
        !            93: and returns a question mark
        !            94: .LR ? .

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