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Annotation of researchv10dc/man/man3/internet.3, revision 1.1.1.1

1.1       root        1: .TH INTERNET 3X
                      2: .CT 2 comm_mach
                      3: .SH NAME
                      4: in_host, in_ntoa, in_address, in_service \- internet networking functions
                      5: .SH SYNOPSIS
                      6: .nf
                      7: .B #include <sys/inet/in.h>
                      8: .PP
                      9: .B char *in_host(hostaddr)
                     10: .B in_addr hostaddr;
                     11: .PP
                     12: .B char *in_ntoa(hostaddr)
                     13: .B in_addr hostaddr;
                     14: .PP
                     15: .B in_addr in_address(hostname)
                     16: .B char *hostname;
                     17: .PP
                     18: .B struct in_service *in_service(name, proto, port)
                     19: .B char *name, *proto;
                     20: .B unsigned long port;
                     21: .fi
                     22: .PP
                     23: .SH DESCRIPTION
                     24: These routines are loaded by the
                     25: .B -lin
                     26: option of
                     27: .IR ld (1).
                     28: .PP
                     29: Internet addresses, type
                     30: .I in_addr,
                     31: are 32-bit quantities global to the network.
                     32: The
                     33: .SM ASCII
                     34: representation of an
                     35: .I in_addr
                     36: can be either a host name or of the form
                     37: .I b1.b2.b3.b4,
                     38: where each
                     39: .I `bx'
                     40: is the value of the
                     41: .IR x 'th
                     42: byte of the
                     43: address in decimal.
                     44: Since host names are considered local `aliases' for internet
                     45: addresses, the host-to-address mapping is subjective.
                     46: .PP
                     47: .I In_address
                     48: maps an internet host name to an address
                     49: and returns 0
                     50: if the name is not found in the host
                     51: table.
                     52: .PP
                     53: .I In_host
                     54: maps an internet address into a host name.
                     55: If the host is not found in the host table, the
                     56: .SM ASCII
                     57: representation of the address is returned.
                     58: .PP
                     59: .I In_ntoa
                     60: maps an internet address to its
                     61: .SM ASCII
                     62: numeric format.
                     63: .PP
                     64: .I In_service
                     65: returns the closest match to
                     66: .I name
                     67: in the services file.
                     68: If either
                     69: .I name
                     70: or
                     71: .I port
                     72: are 0,
                     73: they will match any name or port.
                     74: If
                     75: .I proto
                     76: is
                     77: .BR "(char *)0" ,
                     78: the
                     79: .B tcp
                     80: protocol is assumed.
                     81: .SH FILES
                     82: .nf
                     83: .ta 32n
                     84: \fL/usr/inet/lib/hosts\fP      mapping between host names and addresses
                     85: \fL/usr/inet/lib/networks\fP   mapping between network names and addresses
                     86: \fL/usr/inet/lib/services\fP   database of services
                     87: \fL/usr/inet/lib/hosts.equiv\fP        machines with common administration
                     88: .fi
                     89: .SH SEE ALSO
                     90: .IR ipc (3),
                     91: .IR tcp (3), 
                     92: .IR udp (3)
                     93: .SH BUGS
                     94: .PP
                     95: The mappings between internet addresses and names is arbitrary at best.
                     96: The hosts file may contain many addresses for each name and/or many
                     97: names for each address.
                     98: .I In_address
                     99: and
                    100: .I in_host
                    101: each start at the beginning of the file and search sequentially for a match.
                    102: Therefore,
                    103: .B "in_addr(in_host(addr)) \=\= addr"
                    104: is not necessarily true.

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