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1.1 ! root 1: .TH TERMCAP 5 ! 2: .CT 2 comm_term ! 3: .SH NAME ! 4: termcap \- terminal capability file ! 5: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 6: .I Termcap ! 7: describes terminals as used, for example, by ! 8: .IR vi (1) ! 9: and ! 10: .IR curses (3) ! 11: or in the ! 12: .B TERMCAP ! 13: environment variable. ! 14: A ! 15: .I termcap ! 16: entry is a line containing fields separated by ! 17: .LR : . ! 18: Lines may be broken; ! 19: .L \e ! 20: at the end of a line signifies continuation. ! 21: Empty fields are ignored. ! 22: .PP ! 23: The first field for each entry gives names ! 24: for a terminal separated by ! 25: .LR | . ! 26: The first name is conventionally two characters long ! 27: for the benefit of older systems; the ! 28: second name is the customary abbreviation; and ! 29: the last name fully identifies ! 30: the terminal. ! 31: .PP ! 32: There are three types of capability: Boolean for the presence of ! 33: a feature, numeric for sizes and time delays, and ! 34: strings for performing operations. ! 35: Some string fields may be preceded by a number, which ! 36: specifies padding, a time delay required with the operation. ! 37: These capabilities are marked ! 38: `P' or `P*' below. ! 39: Padding is measured in milliseconds; ! 40: P* signifies that the padding is proportional to the ! 41: number of lines (or characters) affected, ! 42: for example, ! 43: .L 3.5* ! 44: specifies 3.5 milliseconds per unit. ! 45: .de fq ! 46: \f5\\$1\fR \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 ! 47: .. ! 48: .ft B ! 49: .ta \w'Name 'u +\w'Type 'u +\w'Pad 'u ! 50: .nf ! 51: .PP ! 52: Name Type Pad Description ! 53: .ftR ! 54: .fq ae str P "End alternate character set ! 55: .fq al str P* "Add new blank line ! 56: .fq am bool "" "Automatic margin ! 57: .fq as str P "Start alternate character set ! 58: .fq bc str "" "Backspace char if not \f5^H\fP ! 59: .fq bs bool "" "Terminal can backspace ! 60: .fq bt str P "Back tab ! 61: .fq bw bool "" "Backspace wraps from column 0 to last column ! 62: .fq CC str "" "Command character in prototype if terminal settable ! 63: .fq cd str P* "Clear to end of display ! 64: .fq ce str P "Clear to end of line ! 65: .fq ch str P "Like \f5cm\fP but horizontal motion only ! 66: .fq cl str P* "Clear screen ! 67: .fq cm str P "Cursor motion ! 68: .fq co num "" "Number of columns ! 69: .fq cr str P* "Carriage return, default \f5^M\fR ! 70: .fq cs str P "Change scrolling region (vt100), like cm ! 71: .fq cv str P "Like ch, but vertical only ! 72: .fq da bool "" "Display may be retained above ! 73: .fq dB num "" "Backspace delay ! 74: .fq db bool "" "Display may be retained below ! 75: .fq dC num "" "Carriage return delay ! 76: .fq dc str P* "Delete character ! 77: .fq dF num "" "Form feed delay ! 78: .fq dl str P* "Delete line ! 79: .fq dm str "" "Enter delete mode ! 80: .fq dN num "" "Newline delay ! 81: .fq do str "" "Down one line ! 82: .fq dT num "" "tab delay ! 83: .fq ed str "" "End delete mode ! 84: .fq ei str "" "End insert mode; give \f5:ei=:\fR if \f5ic\fR ! 85: .fq eo str "" "Can erase overstrikes with blank ! 86: .fq ff str P* "Hard copy page eject, default \f5^L\fR ! 87: .fq hc bool "" "Hardcopy terminal ! 88: .fq hd str "" "Half line down ! 89: .fq ho str "" "Home cursor if no \f5cm\fR ! 90: .fq hu str "" "Half line up ! 91: .fq hz str "" "Hazeltine, can't print \f5~\fR ! 92: .fq ic str P "Insert character ! 93: .fq if str "" "Name of file containing initialization\f5is\fR ! 94: .fq im bool "" "Enter insert mode; give \f5:im=:\fR if \f5ic\fR ! 95: .fq in bool "" "Insert mode distinguishes nulls on display ! 96: .fq ip str P* "Insert pad after character insert ! 97: .fq is str "" "Terminal initialization string ! 98: .fq k0\fR-\fPk9 str "" "Other function key codes ! 99: .fq kb str "" "Backspace key code ! 100: .fq kd str "" "Down arrow key code ! 101: .fq ke str "" "Leave keypad transmit mode ! 102: .fq kh str "" "Home key code ! 103: .fq kl str "" "Left arrow key code ! 104: .fq kn num "" "Number of function keys ! 105: .fq ko str "" "Termcap entries for other non-function keys ! 106: .fq kr str "" "Right arrow key code ! 107: .fq ks str "" "Enter keypad transmit mode ! 108: .fq ku str "" "Up arrow key code ! 109: .fq l0\fR-\fP9 str "" "Labels on other function keys ! 110: .fq li num "" "Number of lines on screen or page ! 111: .fq ll str "" "Last line, first column, if no \f5cm\fR ! 112: .fq ma str "" "Arrow key map ! 113: .fq mi bool "" "Safe to move in insert mode ! 114: .fq ml str "" "Memory lock above cursor ! 115: .fq ms bool "" "Safe to move in standout or underline mode ! 116: .fq mu str "" "Turn off memory lock ! 117: .fq nc bool "" "No correctly working CR (DM2500, H2000) ! 118: .fq nd str "" "Nondestructive space (cursor right) ! 119: .fq nl str P* "Newline character, default \f5\en\fR ! 120: .fq ns bool "" "Nonscrolling CRT ! 121: .fq os bool "" "Terminal overstrikes ! 122: .fq pc str "" "Pad character, default NUL ! 123: .fq pt bool "" "Has hardware tabs (possibly set by \f5is\fR) ! 124: .fq se str "" "Leave standout mode ! 125: .fq sf str P "Scroll forward ! 126: .fq sg num "" "Number of blanks left by \f5so\fR, \f5se\fR ! 127: .fq so str "" "Enter standout mode ! 128: .fq sr str P "Scroll reverse (backward) ! 129: .fq ta str P "Tab, if not \f5^I\fR or if padded ! 130: .fq tc str "" "Entry of similar terminal, must be last ! 131: .fq te str "" "String to end programs that use \f5cm\fR ! 132: .fq ti str "" "String to begin programs that use \f5cm\fR ! 133: .fq uc str "" "Underscore one char and move past it ! 134: .fq ue str "" "Leave underscore mode ! 135: .fq ug num "" "Number of blanks left by \f5us\fR, \f5ue\fR ! 136: .fq ul bool "" "Terminal underlines but doesn't overstrike ! 137: .fq up str "" "Cursor up one line ! 138: .fq us str "" "Enter underscore mode ! 139: .fq vb str "" "Visible bell, (may not move cursor) ! 140: .fq ve str "" "Leave open/visual mode ! 141: .fq vs str "" "Enter open/visual mode ! 142: .fq xb bool "" "Beehive (\f5f1\fR=escape, \f5f2\fR=\f5^C\fR) ! 143: .fq xn bool "" "Newline ignored after wrap (Concept) ! 144: .fq xr bool "" "Return acts like \f5ce \er \en\fR (Delta Data) ! 145: .fq xs bool "" "Standout not erased by writing over (HP264?) ! 146: .fq xt bool "" "Tabs are destructive, magic \f5so\fR (Teleray 1061) ! 147: .fi ! 148: .PP ! 149: The following example is one of the ! 150: more elaborate ! 151: .I termcap ! 152: entries. ! 153: (Do not believe it; see the file for current facts.) ! 154: .HP ! 155: .EX ! 156: co|c100|concept 100:is=\eEU\eEf\eE7\eE5\eE8\eEl\eENH\eEK\eE\e200\eEo&\e200\eEo\e47\eE:\e ! 157: :al=3*\eE^R:am:bs:cd=16*\eE^C:ce=16\eE^S:cl=2*^L:cm=\eEa%+ %+ :co#80:\e ! 158: :dc=16\eE^A:dl=3*\eE^B:ei=\eE\e200:eo:im=\eE^P:in:ip=16*:li#24:mi:\e ! 159: :nd=\eE=:se=\eEd\eE:so=\eED\eEE:ta=8\et:ul:up=\eE;vb=\eEk\eEk:xn: ! 160: .EE ! 161: .PP ! 162: Among the Boolean capabilities shown for the Concept are ! 163: automatic margins ! 164: .LR am : ! 165: automatic return and linefeed at the end of a line. ! 166: Numeric capabilities are indicated by ! 167: .LR # ; ! 168: .L co#80 ! 169: means the Concept has 80 columns. ! 170: String capabilities are indicated by ! 171: .LR = ; ! 172: to clear to end of line ! 173: .RL ( ce ) ! 174: on the Concept, issue <escape> <control-C> and pad ! 175: with 16 milliseconds delay. ! 176: .PP ! 177: In strings the ! 178: .SM ASCII ESC ! 179: character is represented by ! 180: .LR \eE ! 181: and control characters are represented by ! 182: .BI ^ c, ! 183: where character ! 184: .I c ! 185: has ! 186: .SM ASCII ! 187: code 0100 greater than the desired control character. ! 188: Newline, return, tab, backspace, form feed, ! 189: .B \e ! 190: and ! 191: .B ^ ! 192: are represented by ! 193: .BR "\en \er \et \eb \ef \e\e \e^" . ! 194: Backslash ! 195: .L \e ! 196: followed by 3 digits specifies a byte in octal. ! 197: A null character is encoded ! 198: .LR \e200 : ! 199: the routines that use ! 200: .I termcap ! 201: information mask out the high bit of all bytes. ! 202: .PP ! 203: Local cursor motions are undefined if they run off the ! 204: left or top of the screen; the ! 205: .I curses ! 206: routines refrain from issuing such motions. ! 207: It is assumed that the screen will scroll up upon running ! 208: off the bottom; this assumption is negated by ! 209: .LR ns . ! 210: Capability ! 211: .L am ! 212: (automatic margin) describes the handling of the right margin. ! 213: .PP ! 214: Cursor addressing is described by capability ! 215: .LR cm , ! 216: which contains ! 217: .IR printf (3)-like ! 218: format codes for line and column positions. ! 219: The leftmost column is column 0. ! 220: .IP ! 221: .nf ! 222: .fq %d "as in \fIprintf\fR ! 223: .fq %2 "like \f5%2d\fR ! 224: .fq %3 "like \f5%3d\fR ! 225: .fq %. "like \f5%c\fR ! 226: .fq %+\fIx\fR "adds \fIx\fR before converting ! 227: .fq %>\fIxy\fR "if value exceeds \fIx\fR, add \fIy\fR, no output ! 228: .fq %r "reverse order of line and column, no output ! 229: .fq %i "increment line/column (1-origin) ! 230: .fq %% "single \f5%\fR ! 231: .fq %n "exclusive or row and column with 0140 (DM2500) ! 232: .fq %B "BCD: 16\(**(\fIx/10) + (\fIx\fR%10), no output ! 233: .fq %D "Reverse coding: \fIx\fR\-2\(**(\fIx\fR%16), no output ! 234: .fi ! 235: .PP ! 236: For example, to go to line 3 column 12, a HP2645 terminal ! 237: must get ! 238: .B \eE&a12c03Y ! 239: padded for 6 milliseconds: ! 240: .L :cm=6\eE&%r%2c%2Y: . ! 241: .PP ! 242: Capability ! 243: .L al ! 244: adds an empty line before the line where the cursor is ! 245: and leaves the cursor on the new line. ! 246: This will always be done with the cursor at column 0. ! 247: Capability ! 248: .L dl ! 249: deletes the line where the cursor is and is also done ! 250: with the cursor at column 0. ! 251: Capabilities ! 252: .L da ! 253: and ! 254: .L db ! 255: warn that off-screen lines may appear at the top or bottom of ! 256: the screen upon scrolling or deleting lines. ! 257: The ! 258: .I curses ! 259: routines do not use this feature, but do guard against ! 260: its effects. ! 261: .PP ! 262: Insert-character operations usually affect only ! 263: the current line and shift ! 264: characters off the end of the line rigidly. ! 265: Some terminals, such as the Concept 100, distinguish ! 266: typed from untyped blanks on the screen, shifting upon insertion ! 267: only up to an untyped blank, i.e. a space caused by cursor motion; ! 268: these terminals have capability ! 269: .L in ! 270: (insert null). ! 271: .PP ! 272: Some terminals have an insertion mode; others require a special ! 273: sequence to open up a blank position on the current line. ! 274: Insertion mode is entered and left by ! 275: .L im ! 276: and ! 277: .LR ie , ! 278: which should be null strings if there is no insertion mode. ! 279: String ! 280: .L ic ! 281: is sent just before each character to be inserted, and ! 282: padding ! 283: .L ip ! 284: is sent after. ! 285: Capability ! 286: .L mi ! 287: says it is possible to move around without leaving insertion ! 288: mode. ! 289: Delete mode works similarly: enter with ! 290: .LR dm , ! 291: leave with ! 292: .LR de , ! 293: and issue ! 294: .L dc ! 295: before each character. ! 296: .PP ! 297: Highlighting, or `standout' mode is entered by ! 298: .L so ! 299: and left by ! 300: .LR se . ! 301: Underline mode is entered by ! 302: .L us ! 303: and left by ! 304: .LR ue . ! 305: Terminals that underline characters individually have capability ! 306: .LR uc . ! 307: The visual bell capability ! 308: .L vb ! 309: flashes the screen without moving the cursor. ! 310: .PP ! 311: A terminal with a keypad that transmits cursor motions ! 312: may be described by capabilities ! 313: .L ! 314: kl kr ku kd kh ! 315: that give the codes for left, right, up, down, and home. ! 316: Up to ten function keys may be described by ! 317: .L k0 ! 318: through ! 319: .LR k9 . ! 320: Special labels for the function keys may be given as ! 321: .L l0 ! 322: through ! 323: .LR l9 . ! 324: .PP ! 325: The initialization string ! 326: .L is ! 327: is expected to set tabs if that is necessary. ! 328: That string may come from a file ! 329: .RL ( if ); ! 330: if both are present ! 331: .L is ! 332: is done first. ! 333: .PP ! 334: The entry for a terminal may be continued by jumping ! 335: to another entry given by ! 336: .LR tc . ! 337: Duplicate capabilities are resolved in favor of the first. ! 338: .SH FILES ! 339: .F /etc/termcap ! 340: .SH SEE ALSO ! 341: .IR curses (3), ! 342: .IR termcap (3), ! 343: .IR vi (1), ! 344: .IR ul (1) ! 345: .SH BUGS ! 346: .I Termcap ! 347: entries, including ! 348: .L tc ! 349: continuations, are limited to 1024 characters. ! 350: .br
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