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1.1 root 1: .TH READNEWS 7 alice,research
2: .CT 1 comm_users
3: .SH NAME
4: checknews, readnews \- read netnews articles
5: .SH SYNOPSIS
6: .B readnews
7: [
8: .B -a
9: .I date
10: ]
11: [
12: .B -n
13: .I newsgroup ...
14: ]
15: [
16: .B -t
17: .I title ...
18: ]
19: [
20: .B -lprxhfuM
21: ]
22: [
23: .B -c
24: [
25: .I command
26: ]
27: ]
28: .PP
29: .B readnews -s
30: .PP
31: .B checknews
32: [
33: .B ynqve
34: ] [
35: .I readnews-options
36: ]
37: .SH DESCRIPTION
38: .I Readnews
39: prints unread articles that have arrived
40: via the informal, worldwide `netnews' network.
41: Without arguments it prints unread articles from
42: newsgroups to which you subscribe.
43: The options are:
44: .TF -adate
45: .TP
46: .B -M
47: An interface to
48: .IR Mail (A).
49: A
50: .IR mail (1)-like
51: interface.
52: .TP
53: .BI -c " command
54: Articles are written to a temporary `mailbox' and the
55: .I command
56: (e.g.
57: .LR "mail -f %" ) is
58: invoked, with the mailbox in place of
59: .LR % .
60: A missing
61: .I command
62: gets something like
63: .IR mail (1).
64: .TP
65: .B -p
66: Articles are sent to the standard output, no questions
67: asked.
68: .TP
69: .B -l
70: Titles only.
71: The file
72: .F .newsrc
73: will not be updated.
74: .TP
75: .B -r
76: Print articles in reverse order.
77: .TP
78: .B -f
79: No followup articles.
80: .TP
81: .B -h
82: Printed in a briefer format.
83: .TP
84: .B -u
85: Update file
86: .F .newsrc
87: every 5 minutes.
88: .TP
89: .BI -n " newsgroup ...
90: Select articles that belong to
91: .I newsgroups.
92: .TP
93: .BI -t " titles
94: Select articles whose titles contain one of the
95: .I title
96: strings.
97: .TP
98: .BI -a " date
99: Select articles that were posted since
100: .IR date ;
101: a missing
102: .I date
103: means the beginning of time.
104: .TP
105: .B -x
106: Ignore
107: .FR .newsrc ;
108: select previously read as well as
109: unread articles.
110: .TP
111: .B -s
112: Print subscription list.
113: .PD
114: .PP
115: The file
116: .FR $HOME/.newsrc ,
117: or a file specified
118: by environment variable
119: .BR NEWSRC ,
120: tells what topics you are interested in and
121: what you have read.
122: If
123: .F .newsrc
124: contains a line starting with options (left
125: justified, continued by trailing
126: .LR \e ),
127: or if the environment
128: variable
129: .B NEWSOPTS
130: is present, options are taken from there
131: as well as the command line.
132: In case of conflict, an option
133: on the command line take precedence, followed by
134: .F .newsrc
135: and finally
136: .BR NEWSOPTS .
137: .PP
138: .I Readnews
139: invokes some other programs to perform services.
140: To reply to a news item it uses
141: .IR mail (1)
142: or an alternate in environment parameter
143: .BR MAILER .
144: It paginates
145: with
146: .IR p (1),
147: or an alternate in
148: .BR PAGER .
149: .BR PAGER
150: is a
151: command, perhaps containing
152: .L %
153: as in option
154: .BR -c ,
155: or empty for no pagination.
156: .PP
157: The default and
158: .IR mail
159: interfaces support the following commands,
160: and prompt with common alternatives: a newline
161: accepts the first one.
162: For example,
163: .L [ynq]
164: proposes
165: yes, no, and quit; newline gets yes.
166: .TP
167: .B y
168: Yes.
169: Print current article and go on to next.
170: .PD0
171: .TP
172: .B n
173: No.
174: Skip the current article.
175: (In
176: .I mail
177: interface, it means
178: .BR y .)
179: .TP
180: .B q
181: Quit; update
182: .FR .newsrc .
183: .TP
184: .B c
185: Cancel the article.
186: Only the author or the super-user
187: can do this.
188: .TP
189: .B r
190: Reply.
191: Reply to article's author via mail.
192: You are placed in
193: .IR mail ,
194: or an alternate in
195: environment parameter
196: .BR EDITOR ,
197: with a header constructed from the article.
198: You may change or add headers.
199: Add your reply after the blank line.
200: Upon exit the message is mailed.
201: .TP
202: .B rd
203: Reply directly.
204: You are placed in
205: .B MAILER
206: .RI ( mail
207: by default).
208: Type the text of the reply and then control-D.
209: .TP
210: .BI f " title
211: Submit a followup article.
212: If you omit the
213: title,
214: .I readnews
215: generates an appropriate one.
216: You will be placed in your
217: .B EDITOR
218: to compose the followup.
219: .TP
220: .B fd
221: Follow up directly.
222: This is like
223: .BR f ,
224: but does not construct headers.
225: .TP
226: .BI N " newsgroup
227: Go to the named
228: .IR newsgroup ,
229: or the next newsgroup if none is named
230: .TP
231: .BI s " file
232: Save.
233: Append the article to
234: .I file.
235: The default is
236: .FR Articles .
237: If
238: .I file
239: is not a full pathname, it is taken
240: relative to
241: .BR HOME ,
242: overridden by environment parameter
243: .BR NEWSBOX .
244: If the first character of
245: .I file
246: is
247: .LR | ,
248: the rest is taken as the name of a program, into which the
249: article is piped.
250: .TP
251: .B #
252: Report the name and size of the newsgroup.
253: .TP
254: .B e
255: Erase.
256: Forget that this article was read.
257: .TP
258: .B h
259: Print a more verbose header.
260: .TP
261: .B H
262: Print a very verbose, complete header.
263: .TP
264: .B U
265: Unsubscribe from this newsgroup and go on to the next.
266: .TP
267: .B d
268: Read a digest.
269: Presents a digest as separate articles.
270: .TP
271: .BI D " number
272: Decrypt a Caesar cipher (usually used to
273: obscure off-color material in
274: .LR net.jokes ).
275: The rotation is normally determined line-by-line from character
276: frequencies.
277: If this fails, an explicit
278: .I number
279: (usually 13) may be given.
280: .TP
281: .B v
282: Print the current version of the news software.
283: .TP
284: .B !
285: Shell escape.
286: .TP
287: .I number
288: Go to article
289: .I number.
290: .TP
291: .if t .BI \(+- n
292: .if n +-n
293: Skip
294: .I n
295: articles, 1 by default.
296: The articles skipped
297: are recorded as `unread'.
298: .TP
299: .B -
300: Go back to last article.
301: This is a toggle, typing it
302: twice returns you to the original article.
303: .TP
304: .B x
305: Exit.
306: Like
307: .B q
308: except that
309: .F .newsrc
310: is not updated.
311: .TP
312: .BI X " system
313: Transmit article to the named system.
314: .PD
315: .PP
316: A
317: .L -
318: following
319: .BR c ,
320: .BR f ,
321: .BR fd ,
322: .BR r ,
323: .BR rd ,
324: .BR e ,
325: .BR h ,
326: .BR H ,
327: or
328: .BR s
329: refers to the previous article:
330: .LR "r -"
331: is the normal way to reply to a just-read article
332: when the next one is being offered.
333: .PP
334: .I Checknews
335: reports whether there is news present, with
336: options:
337: .TP
338: .B y
339: Report only if news is present (default).
340: .PD0
341: .TP
342: .B n
343: Report only if news is absent.
344: .TP
345: .B q
346: Turn off reports; nonzero exit status indicates news.
347: .TP
348: .B v
349: Show the name of the first newsgroup containing unread news.
350: .TP
351: .B vv
352: Explain any claim of new news, useful if checknews and
353: readnews disagree.
354: .TP
355: .B e
356: Execute
357: .I readnews
358: if there is news.
359: .SH EXAMPLES
360: .TP
361: .L
362: readnews
363: Read all unread articles.
364: .TP
365: .L
366: readnews -n net.langs.c -a last thursday
367: Print every unread article about C since last Thursday.
368: .TP
369: .L
370: readnews -p >/dev/null &
371: Discard all unread news:
372: useful after returning from a long trip.
373: .TP
374: .L
375: readnews -c "ed %" -l
376: Invoke
377: .IR ed (1)
378: on a file containing the titles of all
379: unread articles.
380: .SH FILES
381: .TF /usr/spool/news/newsgroup/number
382: .TP
383: .BI /usr/spool/news/ newsgroup / number
384: News articles
385: .TP
386: .F /usr/lib/news/active
387: Active newsgroups and numbers of articles
388: .TP
389: .F /usr/lib/news/help
390: Help file for default interface
391: .TP
392: .F $HOME/.newsrc
393: .SH SEE ALSO
394: .IR postnews (7),
395: .IR Mail (A)
396: .SH BUGS
397: .I Readnews
398: is baroque; many users prefer to browse among
399: the files in
400: .FR /usr/spool/news .
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