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1.1 ! root 1: .TH UPAS 8 ! 2: .CT 1 sa_auto sa_mortals ! 3: .SH NAME ! 4: upas, rmail, translate \- mail delivery system ! 5: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 6: .B rmail ! 7: .I person ... ! 8: .PP ! 9: .B /usr/lib/upas/translate ! 10: .I name ! 11: .PP ! 12: .B /usr/lib/upas/auth ! 13: .I sender ! 14: .I receiver ! 15: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 16: Users send mail by ! 17: .IR mail (1). ! 18: Remote machines use ! 19: .I rmail. ! 20: Both call on ! 21: .I upas ! 22: programs. ! 23: .PP ! 24: Mail addresses are interpreted ! 25: according to rewrite rules as ! 26: described below. ! 27: When the addresses for a ! 28: .I mail ! 29: or ! 30: .I rmail ! 31: command have been interpreted, they are bundled by ! 32: network and passed to network-specific handlers, ! 33: such as ! 34: .IR route.inet . ! 35: .PP ! 36: .I Translate ! 37: looks up a mail ! 38: .I name ! 39: in an alias list (see ! 40: .IR mail (6)) ! 41: and places the result on standard output. ! 42: .PP ! 43: .I Auth ! 44: is called by ! 45: .I upas ! 46: to authorize mail delivery for each ! 47: .I sender, receiver ! 48: pair. ! 49: The mail is accepted if ! 50: the previous hop was a trusted gateway machine in ! 51: .FR /usr/lib/upas/gateways , ! 52: or all the machines in the source or destination path are in ! 53: .FR /usr/lib/upas/attlist . ! 54: .SS Rewrite rules ! 55: Each line of the file ! 56: .F /usr/lib/upas/rewrite ! 57: is a rule. ! 58: Blank lines and lines beginning with ! 59: .B # ! 60: are ignored. ! 61: .PP ! 62: Each rewriting rule consists of (up to) 4 strings: ! 63: .TP ! 64: .I pattern ! 65: A regular expression in the style of ! 66: .IR regexp (3). ! 67: The ! 68: .I pattern ! 69: is applied to mail destination addresses. ! 70: The pattern match is case-insensitive ! 71: and must match the entire address. ! 72: .TP ! 73: .I type ! 74: The type of rule; see below. ! 75: .TP ! 76: .I arg1 ! 77: An ! 78: .IR ed (1) ! 79: style replacement string, with ! 80: .BI \e n ! 81: standing for the text matched by the ! 82: .IR n th ! 83: parenthesized subpattern. ! 84: .TP ! 85: .I arg2 ! 86: Another ! 87: .IR ed (1) ! 88: style replacement string. ! 89: .PP ! 90: In each of these fields the substring ! 91: .L \es ! 92: is replaced by the login id of the ! 93: sender and the substring ! 94: .L \el ! 95: is replaced by the name of the local machine. ! 96: .PP ! 97: When delivering a message, ! 98: .I mail ! 99: starts with the first rule and continues down the list until a pattern ! 100: matches the destination address. ! 101: It then performs one of the following actions depending on rule type: ! 102: .PD 0 ! 103: .TP ! 104: .B >> ! 105: Append the mail to the file indicated by expanding ! 106: .IR arg1 , ! 107: provided that file appears to be a valid mailbox. ! 108: .TP ! 109: .B | ! 110: Pipe the mail through the command formed from concatenating the ! 111: expanded ! 112: .I arg1 ! 113: and ! 114: .I arg2. ! 115: .TP ! 116: .B alias ! 117: Replace the address by the address(es) specified ! 118: by expanding ! 119: .I arg1 ! 120: and recur. ! 121: .TP ! 122: .B translate ! 123: Replace the address by the address(es) output by the ! 124: command formed by expanding ! 125: .I arg1 ! 126: and recur. ! 127: .TP ! 128: .B auth ! 129: Call the program in expanded ! 130: .I arg1 ! 131: and authorize(reject) the mail if it returns a zero(non-zero) return code. ! 132: .PD ! 133: .PP ! 134: .I Mail ! 135: expands the addresses recursively until each address has matched a ! 136: .L >> ! 137: or ! 138: .L | ! 139: rule or until the recursion depth indicates a rewriting loop ! 140: (currently 32). ! 141: .PP ! 142: An ! 143: .L auth ! 144: operator is only applied once per address. ! 145: If no ! 146: .L auth ! 147: rule is encountered, the mail is accepted. ! 148: .PP ! 149: If several addresses match ! 150: .L | ! 151: rules and result in the same ! 152: expanded ! 153: .IR arg1 , ! 154: the message is delivered to all those addresses ! 155: by a single command, ! 156: composed by concatenating the common ! 157: expanded ! 158: .I arg1 ! 159: and each expanded ! 160: .IR arg2 . ! 161: This is meant to make less work of ! 162: a message to several recipients on the same machine. ! 163: For example, the rule ! 164: .IP ! 165: .L ! 166: ([^!]+)!(.+) | "uux - -a \\s \\1!rmail" \\2 ! 167: .LP ! 168: causes ! 169: .L mail r70!pjw r70!ken ! 170: to generate the single delivery command ! 171: .LR "uux -a rob r70!rmail pjw ken" . ! 172: .SH EXAMPLES ! 173: A sample rewrite file: ! 174: .PP ! 175: .EX ! 176: .ta \w'([^!]+)[%@]([^!@%]+) 'u +\w'alias 'u ! 177: # local mail ! 178: [^!@%]+ translate "exec translate '&'" ! 179: local!([^!@%]+) >> /usr/spool/mail/\e1 ! 180: \el!(.+) alias \e1 ! 181: .EE ! 182: .PP ! 183: .EX ! 184: # convert %@ format to ! format ! 185: (_822_)!((.+)!)?([^!]+)[%@]([^!%@]+) \e ! 186: alias \e1!\e2\e5!\e4 ! 187: ([^!]+)[%@]([^!@%]+) alias _822_!\e2!\e1 ! 188: _822_!(.+) alias \e1 ! 189: .EE ! 190: .PP ! 191: .EX ! 192: # special domains ! 193: [^!]+wisc\e.edu!.+ alias xunet!& ! 194: .EE ! 195: .PP ! 196: .EX ! 197: # network gateways ! 198: (csnet|bitnet)!(.+) alias inet!& ! 199: acsnet!.+ ! 200: .EE ! 201: .PP ! 202: .EX ! 203: # real networks ! 204: inet!([^!]+)!(.+) | "/usr/lib/upas/route.inet '\es' '\e1'" "'\e2'" ! 205: ([^!]+)!(.+) | "/usr/lib/upas/route '\es' '\e1'" "'\e2'" ! 206: .EE ! 207: .PP ! 208: .EX# anything else goes to research ! 209: .* alias research!& ! 210: .EE ! 211: .SH FILES ! 212: .TF /n/bowell/usr/lib/upas/mkfile ! 213: .TP ! 214: .F /usr/lib/upas/namefiles ! 215: list of files to search ! 216: .TP ! 217: .F $HOME/lib/names ! 218: private aliases ! 219: .TP ! 220: .F /usr/lib/upas/rewrite ! 221: rewriting rules ! 222: .TP ! 223: .F /usr/lib/upas/attlist ! 224: known AT&T machines ! 225: .TP ! 226: .F /usr/lib/upas/gateways ! 227: machines that check mail authorization reliably ! 228: .TP ! 229: .F /usr/lib/upas/translate ! 230: alias lookup ! 231: .TP ! 232: .F /usr/lib/upas/route.* ! 233: mail interfaces to specific networks ! 234: .TP ! 235: .F /usr/lib/upas/route ! 236: interface to local (i.e. AT&T) Datakit network ! 237: .TP ! 238: .F /bin/mail ! 239: shell file that calls the mailer ! 240: .TP ! 241: .F /usr/lib/upas/send ! 242: actually delivery program ! 243: .TP ! 244: .F /bin/rmail ! 245: linked to /usr/lib/upas/send ! 246: .TP ! 247: .F /usr/spool/mail/* ! 248: mailboxes ! 249: .TP ! 250: .F /usr/spool/mail/mail.log* ! 251: delivery logs ! 252: .TP ! 253: .F /n/bowell/usr/lib/upas/mkfile ! 254: updates various mail and uucp files ! 255: .TP ! 256: .F /etc/passwd ! 257: authentication ! 258: .TP ! 259: .F /tmp/ma* ! 260: temp file ! 261: .TP ! 262: .F /tmp/ml* ! 263: lock file ! 264: .TP ! 265: .F $HOME/dead.letter ! 266: unmailable text ! 267: .SH "SEE ALSO" ! 268: .IR uucp (1), ! 269: .IR mail (1), ! 270: .IR mail (6), ! 271: .IR smtp (8) ! 272: .br ! 273: D. L. Presotto and W. R. Cheswick, ! 274: `Upas\(ema simpler approach to network mail', ! 275: this manual, Volume\ 2
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