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researchv10 Dan Cross

.  \"ident	"%W%"
.  \"Copyright (c) 1984 AT&T
.  \"All Rights Reserved
.  \"THIS IS UNPUBLISHED PROPRIETARY SOURCE CODE OF AT&T
.  \"The copyright notice above does not evidence any
.  \"actual or intended publication of such source code.
.TH MANIP 3I+ "C++ Stream Library" " "
.SH NAME
manipulators \- iostream out of band manipulations
.SH SYNOPSIS
.ft B
.ta1i 2i
.nf
#include <iostream.h>
#include <iomanip.h>

IOMANIPdeclare(T) ;

class SMANIP(T) {
	SMANIP(T)( ios& (*)(ios&,T), T);
};

class SAPP(T) {
	SAPP(T)( ios& (*)(ios&,T));
	SMANIP(T) operator()(T);
};

ios& SMANIP(T)::operator<<(ios&);
ios& SMANIP(T)::operator>>(ios&);
istream& SMANIP(T)::operator>>(istream&);
ostream& SMANIP(T)::operator<<(ostream&);
iostream& SMANIP(T)::operator<<(iostream&);
iostream& SMANIP(T)::operator>>(iostream&);

class IMANIP(T) {
	IMANIP(T)( istream& (*)(istream&,T), T);
};

class IAPP(T) {
	IAPP(T)( istream& (*)(istream&,T));
	IMANIP(T) operator()(T);
};

istream& operator>>(IMANIP(T), istream&);

class OMANIP(T) {
	OMANIP(T)( ostream& (*)(ostream&,T), T);
};

class OAPP(T) {
	OAPP(T)( ostream& (*)(ostream&,T));
	OMANIP(T) operator()(T);
};

ostream& operator<<(OMANIP(T), ostream&);

class IOMANIP(T) {
	IOMANIP(T)( ios& (*)(ios&,T), T);
};

class IOAPP(T) {
	IOAPP(T)( ios& (*)(ios&,T));
	IOMANIP(T) operator()(T);
};

iostream& operator<<(SMANIP(T), iostream&);
iostream& operator>>(SMANIP(T), iostream&);


IOMANIPdeclare(int) ;

IOMANIP(int)	setbase(int b)	;
IOMANIP(int)	setw(int w) ;
.fi
.ft R
.SH DESCRIPTION
Manipulators are values that may be "inserted into" or
"extracted from" streams in order to achieve some effect
(other than to insert a representation of their value).
Ideally the types relating to manipulators would be parameterized
as "templates".
The macros defined in \f(CWiomanip.h\fR are used to simulate a templates.
\BIOMANIP(T)\fR declares 
the various classes and operators. (All code is declared as inlines
so that no separate definitions are required.)  Each of the other
\fBT\fR is used to construct the real names and therefore
must be a single
identifer.  Each of the other macros also requires an identifier
and expands to a name.
.br
\(em \fBt\fR is a \fBT\fR.
.br
\(em \fBs\fR is an \f(CWios\fR.
.br
\(em \fBi\fR is an \f(CWistream\fR.
.br
\(em \fBo\fR is an \f(CWostream\fR.
.br
\(em \fBio\fR is an \f(CWiostream\fR.
.br
\(em \fBf\fR is an \f(CWios& (*)(ios&)\fR.
.br
\(em \fBif\fR is an \f(CWistream& (*)(istream&)\fR.
.br
\(em \fBof\fR is an \f(CWostream& (*)(ostream&)\fR.
.br
\(em \fBiof\fR is an \f(CWiostream& (*)(iostream&)\fR.
.TP
\fBs<<SMANIP(T)(f,t)\fR
.nf
.in -.5i
\fBs<<SMANIP(T)(f,t)\fR
\fBs>>SMANIP(T)(f,t)\fR
\fBs<<SAPP(T)(f)(t)\fR
\fBs>>SAPP(T)(f)(t)\fR
\fBi>>SMANIP(T)(if,t)\fR
\fBi>>SAPP(T)(if)(t)\fR
\fBo<<SMANIP(T)(of,t)\fR
\fBo<<SAPP(T)(of)(t)\fR
\fBio<<SMANIP(T)(iof,t)\fR
\fBio>>SMANIP(T)(iof,t)\fR
\fBio<<SAPP(T)(iof)(t)\fR
\fBio>>SAPP(T)(iof)(t)\fR
.in
.fi
Returns \fBfct(s,t)\fR, where \fBs\fR is the left operand of
the insertion or extractor operator and \fBfct\fR is \fBf\fR,
\fBif\R, \fBof\fR or \fBiof\fR.
.sp
.nf
.in -.5i
\fBi>>IMANIP(T)(if,t)\fR
\fBi>>IAPP(T)(if)(t)\fR
.in
.fi
Return \fBif(i,t)\fR.
.sp
.nf
.in -.5i
\fBo<<OMANIP(T)(of,t)\fR
\fBo<<OAPP(T)(of)(t)\fR
.in
.fi
Return \fBof(i,t)\fR.
.sp
.nf
.in -.5i
\fBio<<IOMANIP(T)(iof,t)\fR
\fBio>>IOMANIP(T)(iof,t)\fR
\fBio<<IOAPP(T)(iof)(t)\fR
\fBio>>IOAPP(T)(iof)(t)\fR
.in
.fi
Return \fBiof(s,t)\fR.
.PP
\f(CWiomanip.h\fR contains a declaration, \f(CWIOMANIPdeclare(int)\fR
and some functions:
.sp
.nf
.in -.5i
\fBo<<setbase(n)\fR
\fBi>>setbase(n)\fR
\fBio<<setbase(n)\fR
\fBio>>setbase(n)\fR
.in
.fi
Sets the conversion base of the stream (left hand operand) to \fBn\fR.
.sp
.nf
.in -.5i
\fBo<<setw(n)\fR
\fBi>>setw(n)\fR
\fBio<<setw(n)\fR
\fBio>>setw(n)\fR
.in
.fi
Sets the \f(CWwidth\fR format state variable
the stream (left hand operand) to \fBn\fR.
.SH CAVEATS
Syntax errors will be reported if
\fBIOMANIP(T)\fR occurs more than once in a file with the
same \fBT\fR.
.SH SEE ALSO
ios(3C++)
istream(3C++)
ostream(3C++)

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