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1.1 ! root 1: .TH MAILX 1 "Post 4.0" " " ! 2: .de Cm ! 3: .ne 3 ! 4: .TP ! 5: \\f3\\$1\\f1\\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8 \\$9 ! 6: .br ! 7: .. ! 8: .de C ! 9: .ne 2 ! 10: .TP ! 11: \\f3\\$1\\f1\\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8 \\$9 ! 12: .br ! 13: .. ! 14: .de Ti ! 15: .ne 2 ! 16: .TP ! 17: \\f3~\\^\\$1\\f1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8 \\$9 ! 18: .br ! 19: .. ! 20: .de Va ! 21: .ne 2 ! 22: .TP ! 23: \\f3\\$1\\f1=\\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8 \\$9 ! 24: .br ! 25: .. ! 26: .de V ! 27: .ne 2 ! 28: .TP ! 29: \\f3\\$1\\f1 ! 30: .br ! 31: .. ! 32: .ds Ma \\f2mailx\\f1 ! 33: .ds EV \s-1ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES\s+1 ! 34: .ds CM "\s-1COMMANDS\s+1 ! 35: .ds Te "\s-1TILDE ESCAPES\s+1 ! 36: .ds WA "\s-1WARNINGS\s+1 ! 37: .ds al \\f2alias\\f1 ! 38: .ds nu \\f2number\\f1 ! 39: .ds ms \\f2message\f1 ! 40: .ds sh \\f2shell-command\\f1 ! 41: .ds mc \\f2mail-command\\f1 ! 42: .ds dl \\fBdead.letter\\f1 ! 43: .ds mr \\f2.mailrc\\f1 ! 44: .ds mb \\f2mbox\\f1 ! 45: .ds mx \\f2mailbox\\f1 ! 46: .ds ml \\f2msglist\\f1 ! 47: .ds om [\\f2msglist\\f1] ! 48: .ds hf \\f2header-field\\f1 ! 49: .ds fn \\f2filename\\f1 ! 50: .ds st \\f2string\\f1 ! 51: .ds dr \\f2directory\\f1 ! 52: .ds nm \\f2address\\f1 ! 53: .ds vr \\f2variable\\f1 ! 54: .SH NAME ! 55: mailx \- interactive message processing system ! 56: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 57: .B mailx ! 58: [options] [address ...] ! 59: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 60: The command ! 61: \f2mailx\f1 provides a comfortable, flexible environment for sending and ! 62: receiving messages electronically. ! 63: When reading mail, ! 64: \*(Ma provides commands to facilitate saving, deleting, and responding to ! 65: messages. ! 66: When sending mail, ! 67: \*(Ma allows editing, reviewing and other modification of the message ! 68: as it is entered. ! 69: .PP ! 70: Incoming mail is stored in a standard file for each user, ! 71: called the \*(mx for that user. ! 72: When \*(Ma is called to read messages, ! 73: the \*(mx is the default place to find them. ! 74: As messages are read, ! 75: they may be marked to be moved to a secondary file for storage ! 76: (see ``hold''), ! 77: unless specific action is taken, ! 78: so that the messages need not be seen again. ! 79: This secondary file is called the \*(mb ! 80: and is normally located in the user's \s-1HOME\s+1 directory ! 81: (see ``\s-1MBOX\s+1''). ! 82: Messages can be saved in other secondary files named by the user. ! 83: Messages remain in a secondary file until forcibly removed. ! 84: .PP ! 85: The user can access a secondary file by using the ! 86: \f3\-f\f1 option of the \*(Ma command. ! 87: Messages in the secondary file can then be read or otherwise ! 88: processed using the same \*(CM as in the primary \*(mx. ! 89: This gives rise within these pages to the notion of a current \*(mx. ! 90: .PP ! 91: On the command line, ! 92: .I options ! 93: start with a dash (\-) and any other arguments are taken to be ! 94: addresses. ! 95: If no recipients are specified, ! 96: \*(Ma will attempt to read messages from the \*(mx. ! 97: Command line options are: ! 98: .PP ! 99: .PD 0 ! 100: .TP 14 ! 101: .B \-e ! 102: Test for presence of mail. ! 103: \f2mailx\f1 prints nothing and exits with a successful return code if there is ! 104: mail to read. ! 105: .TP ! 106: .BR \-f \ [\*(fn] ! 107: Read messages from \*(fn instead of \*(mx. ! 108: If no \*(fn is specified, ! 109: the \*(mb is used. ! 110: .TP ! 111: .B \-F ! 112: Record the message in a file named after the first recipient. ! 113: Overrides the ``record'' variable, if set. ! 114: .TP ! 115: .B \-H ! 116: Print header summary only. ! 117: .TP ! 118: .B \-i ! 119: Ignore interrupts. ! 120: See ``ignore''. ! 121: .TP ! 122: .B \-n ! 123: Do not initialize from the system default ! 124: .I mailx.rc ! 125: file. ! 126: .TP ! 127: .B \-N ! 128: Do not print initial header summary. ! 129: .TP ! 130: .BI \-s \ subject ! 131: Set the Subject header field to ! 132: .IR subject . ! 133: .TP ! 134: .BI \-u \ user ! 135: Read ! 136: .IR user 's ! 137: \*(mx. ! 138: This is only effective if ! 139: .IR user 's ! 140: \*(mx is not read protected. ! 141: .PD ! 142: .PP ! 143: When reading mail, ! 144: \*(Ma is in ! 145: command mode. ! 146: A header summary of the first several messages is displayed, ! 147: followed by a prompt indicating \*(Ma can accept regular commands ! 148: (see \*(CM below). ! 149: When sending mail, ! 150: \*(Ma is in ! 151: input mode. ! 152: If no subject is specified on the command line, ! 153: a prompt for the subject is printed. ! 154: As the message is typed, ! 155: \*(Ma will read the message and store it in a temporary ! 156: file. ! 157: Commands may be entered by beginning a line with the tilde (~) escape ! 158: character followed by a single command letter and optional arguments. ! 159: See \*(Te for a summary of these commands. ! 160: Outgoing mail may be saved in a local file (see ``record''). ! 161: .PP ! 162: At any time, ! 163: the behavior of \*(Ma is governed by a set of ! 164: \f2environment variables\f1. ! 165: These are flags and valued parameters which are set and cleared via the ! 166: ``set'' and ``unset'' commands. ! 167: See \*(EV below for a summary of these parameters. ! 168: .PP ! 169: \*(Ma accepts \fIpost\fP addressing. ! 170: Login names may be any network address, ! 171: including mixed network addressing. ! 172: If mail is found to to undeliverable, an attempt is ! 173: made to return it to the sender's \f2mailbox\f1. ! 174: If the recipient name begins with a plus (+), ! 175: the rest of the name is a file to append the mail to. ! 176: If the file is a relative path name, it is prepended ! 177: with the value of the ``folder'' variable. ! 178: If the recipient name begins with a pipe symbol (|), ! 179: the rest of the name is taken to be a shell command to pipe the ! 180: message through. ! 181: This provides an automatic interface with any program that reads the standard ! 182: input, such as ! 183: .IR lp (1) ! 184: for recording outgoing mail on paper. ! 185: Alias groups are set by the ``alias'' command ! 186: and are lists of recipients of any type. ! 187: .PP ! 188: Regular commands are of the form ! 189: .ti +.5i ! 190: [ ! 191: .B command ! 192: ] [ ! 193: .I msglist ! 194: ] [ ! 195: .I arguments ! 196: ] ! 197: .br ! 198: If no command is specified in command mode, ! 199: .BR p rint ! 200: is assumed. ! 201: In input mode, ! 202: commands are recognized by the escape character, ! 203: and lines not treated as commands are taken as input for the message. ! 204: .PP ! 205: Each message is assigned a sequential number, ! 206: and there is at any time the notion of a current message, ! 207: marked by a right angle bracket (>) in the header summary. ! 208: Many commands take an optional list of messages ! 209: (\*(ml) to operate on. ! 210: The default for \f2msglist\f1 is the current message. ! 211: A \*(ml is a list of message identifiers separated by spaces, ! 212: which may include: ! 213: .PP ! 214: .PD 0 ! 215: .TP 8 ! 216: .B n ! 217: Message number ! 218: .BR n . ! 219: .TP ! 220: .B . ! 221: The current message. ! 222: .TP ! 223: .B ^ ! 224: The first message. ! 225: .TP ! 226: .B $ ! 227: The last message. ! 228: .TP ! 229: .B * ! 230: All messages. ! 231: .TP ! 232: .B n\-m ! 233: An inclusive range of message numbers. ! 234: .TP ! 235: .B user ! 236: All messages from ! 237: .BR user , ! 238: where ! 239: .B user ! 240: is the network address of the sender. ! 241: .TP ! 242: .B /string ! 243: All messages with ! 244: .B string ! 245: in the subject line (case ignored). ! 246: .TP ! 247: .BI : c ! 248: All messages of type ! 249: .IR c , ! 250: where ! 251: .I c ! 252: is one of: ! 253: .RS 13 ! 254: .TP ! 255: .B d ! 256: deleted messages ! 257: .TP ! 258: .B n ! 259: new messages ! 260: .TP ! 261: .B o ! 262: old messages ! 263: .TP ! 264: .B r ! 265: read messages ! 266: .TP ! 267: .B u ! 268: unread messages ! 269: .RE ! 270: .PP ! 271: Note that the context of the command determines whether this type of ! 272: message specification makes sense. ! 273: .PD ! 274: .PP ! 275: Other arguments are usually arbitrary strings whose usage ! 276: depends on the command involved. ! 277: File names, ! 278: where expected, ! 279: are expanded via the normal shell conventions (see ! 280: .IR sh (1)). ! 281: Special characters are recognized by certain commands and are ! 282: documented with the commands below. ! 283: .PP ! 284: At start-up time, ! 285: \*(Ma tries to execute commands from the optional system-wide file ! 286: (\f3/usr/lib/mailx.rc\f1) to initialize ! 287: certain parameters, ! 288: then from a private start-up file (\f3$HOME/.mailrc\f1) for ! 289: personalized variables. ! 290: With the exceptions noted below, ! 291: regular commands are legal inside start-up files. ! 292: The most common use of a start-up file is ! 293: to set up initial display options and alias lists. ! 294: The following commands are not legal in the start-up file: ! 295: ``!'', ``Copy'', ``edit'', ``followup'', ``Followup'', ``hold'', ! 296: ``mail'', ``reply'', ``Reply'', ``shell'', and ``visual''. ! 297: An error in the start-up file causes the remaining lines in the file to ! 298: be ignored. ! 299: The \f3.mailrc\f1 file is optional, and must be constructed locally. ! 300: .SS \*(CM ! 301: The following is a complete list of \*(Ma commands: ! 302: .PP ! 303: .PD 0 ! 304: .Cm ! \*(sh ! 305: Escape to the shell. ! 306: See ``\s-1SHELL\s+1''. ! 307: .Cm # "" \f2comment\f1 ! 308: Null command (comment). ! 309: This may be useful in \*(mr files. ! 310: .Cm = ! 311: Print the current message number. ! 312: .Cm ? ! 313: Prints a summary of commands. ! 314: .Cm a lias \*(al \*(nm ... ! 315: Declare an alias for the given addresses. ! 316: The addresses will be substituted ! 317: when ! 318: \*(al is used as a recipient. ! 319: Useful in the \*(mr file. ! 320: .Cm alt ernates \*(nm ... ! 321: Declares a list of alternate addresses for your login. ! 322: When responding to a message, ! 323: these addresses are removed from the list of recipients for the response. ! 324: With no arguments, ! 325: .BR alt ernates ! 326: prints the current list of alternate addresses. ! 327: See also ``allnet''. ! 328: .Cm cd "" [\*(dr] ! 329: Change directory. ! 330: If \*(dr is not specified, ! 331: \s-1$HOME\s+1 is used. ! 332: .Cm c opy [\*(fn] ! 333: .C c opy \*(om \*(fn ! 334: Copy messages to the file without marking the messages as saved. ! 335: Otherwise equivalent to the ``save'' command. ! 336: .Cm C opy \*(om ! 337: Save the specified messages in a file whose name is derived from the ! 338: author of the ! 339: message to be saved, without marking the messages as saved. ! 340: Otherwise equivalent to the ``Save'' command. ! 341: .Cm d elete \*(om ! 342: Delete messages from the \*(mx. ! 343: If ``autoprint'' is set, ! 344: the next message after the last one deleted is printed. ! 345: .Cm di scard [\*(hf ...] ! 346: Suppresses printing of the specified header fields when displaying messages ! 347: on the screen. ! 348: Examples of header fields to ignore are ``status'' and ``cc''. ! 349: The fields are included when the message is saved. ! 350: The ``Print'' command overrides this command. ! 351: .Cm dp "" \*(om ! 352: Delete the specified messages from the \*(mx and print the next message ! 353: after the last one deleted. ! 354: Roughly equivalent to a ``delete'' ! 355: command followed by a ``print'' command. ! 356: .Cm ec ho \*(st ... ! 357: Echo the given strings (like ! 358: .IR echo (1)). ! 359: .Cm e dit \*(om ! 360: Edit the given messages. ! 361: The messages are placed in a temporary file and the ``EDITOR'' variable ! 362: is used to get the name of the editor. ! 363: Default editor is ! 364: .IR ed (1). ! 365: .Cm ex it ! 366: .C x it ! 367: Exit from \*(Ma, ! 368: without changing the \*(mx. ! 369: No messages are saved in the \*(mb (see also ! 370: .BR q uit). ! 371: .Cm fi le [\*(fn] ! 372: Quit from the current file of messages and read in the specified file. ! 373: Several special characters are recognized when used as file names, ! 374: with the following substitutions: ! 375: .RS 10 ! 376: .TP 8 ! 377: % ! 378: current \*(mx. ! 379: .TP ! 380: .RB % user ! 381: \*(mx for ! 382: .BR user . ! 383: .TP ! 384: # ! 385: previous file. ! 386: .TP ! 387: & ! 388: current \*(mb. ! 389: .RE ! 390: .RS 5 ! 391: Default file is the current \*(mx. ! 392: .RE ! 393: .Cm folders ! 394: Print the names of the files in the ! 395: directory set by the ``folder'' variable. ! 396: .Cm fo llowup \*(om ! 397: Reply to the first message in the \*(ml, ! 398: sending the message to the author of each message in the \*(ml. ! 399: The subject line is taken from the first message ! 400: and the response is recorded in a file whose name is derived ! 401: from the author of the first message. ! 402: See also the ``Followup'', ``Save'', and ``Copy'' ! 403: commands, and ``outfolder'' and ``flipf''. ! 404: .Cm F ollowup [\*(ms] ! 405: Reply to the specified message, ! 406: recording the response in a file whose name is derived from the ! 407: author of the message. ! 408: Overrides the ``record'' variable, if set. ! 409: See also the ``followup'', ``Save'', and ``Copy'' ! 410: commands, and ``outfolder'' and ``flipf''. ! 411: .Cm f rom \*(om ! 412: Prints the header summary for the specified messages. ! 413: .Cm h eaders [\*(ms] ! 414: Prints the page of headers which includes the message specified. ! 415: The ``screen'' variable sets the number of headers per page. ! 416: See also the ``z'' command. ! 417: .Cm hel p ! 418: Prints a summary of commands. ! 419: .Cm ho ld \*(om ! 420: Holds the specified messages in the \*(mx. ! 421: .Cm i f \fBs\f1 | \fBr\f1 ! 422: .C "" \*(mcs ! 423: .C el se ! 424: .C "" \*(mcs ! 425: .C en dif ! 426: Conditional execution, where ! 427: .B s ! 428: will execute following \*(mcs, up to an ! 429: .BR el se ! 430: or ! 431: .BR en dif, ! 432: if the program is in ! 433: send mode, and ! 434: .B r ! 435: causes the \*(mcs to be executed only in ! 436: receive mode. ! 437: Useful in the \*(mr file. ! 438: .Cm l ist ! 439: Prints all commands available. ! 440: No explanation is given. ! 441: .Cm m ail \*(nm ... ! 442: Mail a message to the specified \*(nm\fI(es)\fR. ! 443: If ``record'' is set to a file name, the reply is saved at the ! 444: end of that file. ! 445: .Cm M ail \*(nm ! 446: Mail a message to the specified \*(nm and record a copy of it ! 447: in a file named after that \*(nm. ! 448: .Cm mb ox \*(om ! 449: Arrange for the given messages to end up in the standard \*(mb save file ! 450: when \*(Ma terminates normally. ! 451: See ``MBOX'' for a description of this file. ! 452: See also the ``exit'' and ``quit'' commands. ! 453: .Cm n ext [\*(ms] ! 454: Go to next message matching \*(ms. ! 455: A \*(ml may be specified, ! 456: but in this case the first valid message in the list is the only one used. ! 457: This is useful for jumping to the next message from a specific user, ! 458: since the name would be taken as a command in the absence of a real command. ! 459: See the discussion of \*(mls above for a description of ! 460: possible message specifications. ! 461: .Cm pi pe \*(om [\*(sh] ! 462: Pipe the message through the given \*(sh. ! 463: The message is treated as if it were read. ! 464: If no arguments are given, ! 465: the current message is piped through the command specified by the ! 466: value of the ``cmd'' variable. ! 467: If the ``page'' variable is set, ! 468: a form feed character is inserted after each message. ! 469: .Cm p rint \*(om ! 470: Print the specified messages. ! 471: If ``crt'' is set, ! 472: the messages longer than the number of lines specified by the ! 473: ``crt'' variable are paged through the command specified by the ! 474: ``PAGER'' variable. ! 475: The default command is ! 476: .IR pg (1). ! 477: .Cm P rint \*(om ! 478: Print the specified messages on the screen, ! 479: including all header fields. ! 480: Overrides suppression of fields by the ``ignore'' command. ! 481: .Cm q uit ! 482: Exit from \*(Ma, ! 483: storing messages that were read in \*(mb and unread messages in the \*(mx. ! 484: Messages that have been explicitly saved in a file are deleted. ! 485: .Cm r eply [\*(ml] ! 486: Send a response to the author of each message in the \*(ml. ! 487: The subject line is taken from the first message. ! 488: If ``record'' is set to a file name, ! 489: the response is saved at the end of that file. ! 490: See ``flipr''. ! 491: .Cm R eply [\*(ms] ! 492: Reply to the specified message, ! 493: including all other recipients of the message. ! 494: If ``record'' is set to a file name, ! 495: the response is saved at the end of that file. ! 496: See ``flipr''. ! 497: .Cm s ave [\*(fn] ! 498: .C s ave \*(om \*(fn ! 499: Save the specified messages in the given file. ! 500: The file is created if it does not exist. ! 501: The message is deleted from the \*(mx when ! 502: \*(Ma terminates unless ``keepsave'' is set ! 503: (see the ``exit'' and ``quit'' commands). ! 504: .Cm S ave \*(om ! 505: Save the specified messages in a file whose name is derived from ! 506: the author of the first message. ! 507: The name of the file is taken to be the author's name with all ! 508: network addressing stripped off. ! 509: See also the ``Copy'', ``followup'', and ``Followup'' ! 510: commands and ``outfolder''. ! 511: .Cm se t ! 512: .C se t \*(vr ! 513: .C se t \*(vr=\*(st ! 514: .C se t \*(vr=\*(nu ! 515: Define a variable called \*(vr. ! 516: The variable may be given a null, string, or numeric value. ! 517: ``Set'' by itself prints all defined variables and their values. ! 518: See \*(EV for detailed descriptions of the \*(Ma variables. ! 519: .Cm sh ell ! 520: Invoke an interactive shell (see ``SHELL''). ! 521: .Cm si ze \*(om ! 522: Print the size in characters of the specified messages. ! 523: .Cm so urce \*(fn ! 524: Read commands from the given file and return to command mode. ! 525: .Cm to p \*(om ! 526: Print the top few lines of the specified messages. ! 527: If the ``toplines'' variable is set, ! 528: it is taken as the number of lines to print. ! 529: The default is 5. ! 530: .Cm tou ch \*(om ! 531: Touch the specified messages. ! 532: If any message in \*(ml is not specifically saved in a file, ! 533: it will be placed in the \*(mb, ! 534: or the file specified in the MBOX environment variable, upon normal termination. ! 535: See ``exit'' and ``quit''. ! 536: .Cm u ndelete \*(om ! 537: Restore the specified deleted messages. ! 538: Will only restore messages deleted in the current mail session. ! 539: If ``autoprint'' is set, the last message of those restored is printed. ! 540: .Cm undi scard [\*(hf ...] ! 541: Restore printing of the specified header fields when displaying messages ! 542: on the screen. ! 543: .Cm uns et \*(vr ... ! 544: Causes the specified variables to be erased. ! 545: If the variable was imported from the execution environment (i.e., a ! 546: shell variable) then it cannot be erased. ! 547: .Cm ve rsion ! 548: Prints the current version and release date. ! 549: .Cm v isual \*(om ! 550: Edit the given messages with a screen editor. ! 551: The messages are placed in a temporary file and the ``VISUAL'' variable ! 552: is used to get the name of the editor. ! 553: .Cm w rite \*(om \*(fn ! 554: Write the given messages on the specified file, ! 555: minus the header and trailing blank line. ! 556: Otherwise equivalent to the ``save'' command. ! 557: .Cm z [+|\-] ! 558: Scroll the header display forward or backward one screen\-full. ! 559: The number of headers displayed is set by the ``screen'' variable. ! 560: .PD ! 561: .SS \*(Te ! 562: The following commands may be entered only from ! 563: input mode, ! 564: by beginning a line with the tilde escape character (~). ! 565: See ! 566: ``escape'' ! 567: for changing this special character. ! 568: .PP ! 569: .PD 0 ! 570: .Ti ! \*(sh ! 571: Escape to the shell. ! 572: .Ti : \*(mc ! 573: Perform the command-level request. ! 574: .Ti ? ! 575: Print a summary of tilde escapes. ! 576: .Ti A ! 577: Insert the autograph string ``Sign'' into the message. ! 578: .Ti a ! 579: Insert the autograph string ``sign'' into the message. ! 580: .Ti b \*(nm ... ! 581: Add the \*(nmes to the blind carbon copy (Bcc) list. ! 582: See ``askcc''. ! 583: .Ti c \*(nm ... ! 584: Add the \*(nmes to the carbon copy (Cc) list. ! 585: See ``askbcc''. ! 586: .Ti d ! 587: Read in the \*(dl file. ! 588: See ``DEAD''. ! 589: .Ti e ! 590: Invoke the editor on the partial message. ! 591: See ``EDITOR''. ! 592: .Ti f \*(om ! 593: Forward the specified messages. ! 594: The messages are inserted into the message ! 595: without alteration. ! 596: .Ti h ! 597: Prompt for Subject, To, Cc, and Bcc lists. ! 598: If the field is displayed with an initial value, ! 599: it may be edited as if you had just typed it. ! 600: .Ti i \*(st ! 601: Insert the value of the named variable into the text of the message. ! 602: For example, ``~A''is equivalent to ``~i \ Sign''. ! 603: Environment variables set and exported in the shell are also ! 604: accessible by ``~i''. ! 605: .Ti m \*(om ! 606: Insert the specified messages into the letter, ! 607: shifting the new text to the right one tab stop (see ``mprefix''). ! 608: Valid only when sending a message while reading mail. ! 609: .Ti p ! 610: Print the message being entered. ! 611: .Ti q ! 612: Quit from input mode by simulating an interrupt. ! 613: If the body of the message is not null, ! 614: the partial message is saved in \*(dl. ! 615: See ``DEAD'' for a description of this file. ! 616: .Ti r \*(fn ! 617: .br ! 618: .Ti r !\*(sh ! 619: .br ! 620: Read in the specified file. ! 621: If the argument begins with an exclamation point, ! 622: the rest of the string is taken as a shell command ! 623: and is executed, ! 624: with the standard output inserted into the message. ! 625: .Ti R ! 626: Request a return-receipt when the recipient reads the mailbox. ! 627: The return-receipt is generated if the recipient reads the mail using ! 628: .IR post (1), ! 629: AT&T Mail, or OTS. ! 630: .Ti s \*(st ... ! 631: Set the subject line to \*(st. ! 632: .Ti t \*(nm ... ! 633: Add the given \*(nmes to the To list. ! 634: .Ti v ! 635: Invoke a preferred screen editor on the partial message. ! 636: See ``VISUAL''. ! 637: .Ti w \*(fn ! 638: .br ! 639: .Ti w !\*(sh ! 640: .br ! 641: Write the message without the headers onto the given file. ! 642: If the argument begins with an exclamation point, ! 643: the rest of the string is taken as a shell command ! 644: and is executed, ! 645: with the standard input being the message without the headers. ! 646: .Ti x ! 647: Exit as with ! 648: .B ~q ! 649: except the message is not saved in \*(dl. ! 650: .Ti | \*(sh ! 651: Pipe the body of the message through the given \*(sh. ! 652: If the \*(sh returns a successful exit status, ! 653: the output of the command replaces the message. ! 654: .PD ! 655: .SS \*(EV ! 656: The following are environment variables taken from the execution environment and ! 657: are not alterable within \*(Ma. ! 658: .PD 0 ! 659: .Va \s-1HOME\s+1 \*(dr ! 660: The user's base of operations. ! 661: .Va \s-1MAILRC\s+1 \*(fn ! 662: The name of the start-up file. ! 663: Default is \fB$HOME/.mailrc\fR. ! 664: .PD ! 665: .PP ! 666: The following variables are internal \*(Ma variables. ! 667: They may be imported from the execution environment or ! 668: set via the ``set'' command at any time. ! 669: The ``unset'' command may be used to erase variables. ! 670: .PD 0 ! 671: .V allnet ! 672: .Va allnet \fBuucp\f1 ! 673: .Va allnet \fBany\f1 ! 674: .Va allnet \fBheader\f1 ! 675: All network names whose last component (login name) match are treated as ! 676: identical. ! 677: If ! 678: .B uucp ! 679: is the argument, all network names whose two last components ! 680: (system and login name) that match are treated as identical. ! 681: This causes the \*(ml message specifications to behave similarly. ! 682: If ! 683: .B any ! 684: is the argument, ! 685: .I user ! 686: is treated as a pattern to be matched anywhere in the first ! 687: line of a message (similar to /bin/mail). ! 688: .If ! 689: .B header ! 690: is the argument, ! 691: .I user ! 692: is treated as a pattern to be used in a case-independent match ! 693: of either the network address in the first line of a message or ! 694: the full name, as printed by the ``headers'' command. ! 695: Default is ``allnet=any''. ! 696: See also the ``alternates'' command and the ``metoo'' variable. ! 697: .V append ! 698: Upon termination, append messages to the end of the \*(mb file instead of prepending them. ! 699: Enabled by default. ! 700: .V askbcc ! 701: Prompt for the Bcc list after message is entered. ! 702: Default is ``noaskbcc''. ! 703: .V askcc ! 704: Prompt for the Cc list after message is entered. ! 705: Default is ``noaskcc''. ! 706: .V asksub ! 707: Prompt for subject if it is not specified on the command line ! 708: with the \-s option. ! 709: Enabled by default. ! 710: .V autoprint ! 711: Enable automatic printing of messages after ``delete'' ! 712: and ``undelete'' commands. ! 713: Default is ``noautoprint''. ! 714: .V bang ! 715: Enable the special-casing of exclamation points (!) in shell escape ! 716: command lines ! 717: as in ! 718: .IR vi (1). ! 719: Default is ``nobang''. ! 720: .Va cmd \*(sh ! 721: Set the default command for the ``pipe'' command. ! 722: No default value. ! 723: .V crt ! 724: .Va crt \*(nu ! 725: Pipe messages having more than \f2number\f1 lines ! 726: through the command specified by the value of the ``\s-1PAGER\s+1'' variable. ! 727: Enabled by default. ! 728: .Va DEAD \*(fn ! 729: The name of the file in which to save partial letters ! 730: in case of untimely interrupt. ! 731: Default is ! 732: .BR $HOME/dead.letter . ! 733: .V debug ! 734: Enable verbose diagnostics for debugging. ! 735: Messages are not delivered. ! 736: Default is ``nodebug''. ! 737: .V dot ! 738: Take a period on a line by itself during input from a terminal as end-of-file. ! 739: Enabled by default. ! 740: .Va EDITOR \*(sh ! 741: The command to run when the ``edit'' or ``~e'' command is used. ! 742: Default is ``ed''. ! 743: .Va escape \f2c\f1 ! 744: Substitute ! 745: .I c ! 746: for the ~ escape character. ! 747: .V flipf ! 748: Reverse the meanings of the ``followup'' and ``Followup'' commands in ! 749: composition mode. ! 750: Enabled by default. ! 751: .V flipr ! 752: Reverse the meanings of the ``reply'' and ``Reply'' commands in ! 753: composition mode. ! 754: Enabled by default. ! 755: .Va folder \*(dr ! 756: The directory for saving standard mail files. ! 757: User-specified relative file names beginning with a plus (+) ! 758: are expanded by preceding the file name with ! 759: this directory name to obtain the real file name. ! 760: If \*(dr does not start with a slash (/), ! 761: $HOME is prepended to it. ! 762: Default is ! 763: .BR $HOME . ! 764: See also ``outfolder'' below. ! 765: .V header ! 766: Enable printing of the header summary when entering \*(Ma. ! 767: Enabled by default. ! 768: .V hold ! 769: Hold all messages that are read in the mailbox instead of putting them ! 770: in the standard \*(mb file. ! 771: Enabled by default. ! 772: .V ignore ! 773: Ignore interrupts while entering messages. ! 774: Handy for noisy dial-up lines. ! 775: Default is ! 776: .BR noignore . ! 777: .V ignoreeof ! 778: Ignore end-of-file during message input. ! 779: Input must be terminated by a period (.) on a line by itself ! 780: or by the ``~.'' command (see ``dot''). ! 781: Default is ``noignoreeof''. ! 782: .Va iprompt \*(st ! 783: Set the composition mode prompt to \fIstring\fP. ! 784: Default is no prompt. ! 785: .V keepsave ! 786: Keep messages that have been saved in other files in the mailbox ! 787: instead of deleting them. ! 788: Default is ``nokeepsave''. ! 789: .Va \s-1LISTER\s+1 \*(sh ! 790: The command (and options) to use when listing the contents of the ``folder'' ! 791: directory. ! 792: The default is ls. ! 793: .Va \s-1MBOX\s+1 \*(fn ! 794: The name of the file to save messages which have been read. ! 795: The ``xit'' command overrides this function, ! 796: as does saving the message explicitly in another file. ! 797: Default is ! 798: .BR $HOME/mbox . ! 799: .V metoo ! 800: If your login appears as a recipient, ! 801: do not delete it from the list. ! 802: Default is ``nometoo''. ! 803: .Va mprefix \*(st ! 804: Set the leading string to be used with the ``~m'' command. ! 805: Default is a tab character. ! 806: .V onehop ! 807: When responding to a message that was originally sent to several ! 808: recipients, ! 809: the other recipient addresses are normally forced to be relative to the ! 810: originating author's machine for the response. ! 811: This flag disables alteration of the recipients' addresses, ! 812: improving efficiency in a network where all machines can send directly ! 813: to all other machines (i.e., one hop away). ! 814: Disabled by default. ! 815: .V outfolder ! 816: Causes the files used to record outgoing messages to be located ! 817: in the directory specified by the ``folder'' variable unless the ! 818: path name is absolute. ! 819: Default is ``nooutfolder''. ! 820: See ``folder'' and the ! 821: ``Save'', ``Copy'', ``followup'', and ``Followup'' commands. ! 822: .V page ! 823: Used with the ``pipe'' ! 824: command to insert a form feed after each message sent through the pipe. ! 825: Default is ``nopage''. ! 826: .Va \s-1PAGER\s+1 \*(sh ! 827: The command to use as a filter for paginating output. ! 828: This can also be used to specify the options to be used. ! 829: Default is ``pg \-e'' . ! 830: .Va prompt \*(st ! 831: Set the command mode prompt to \*(st. ! 832: Default is ``? ''. ! 833: .V quiet ! 834: Don't print the opening message and version when entering \*(Ma. ! 835: Default is ``quiet''. ! 836: .Va record \*(fn ! 837: Record all outgoing mail in \*(fn. ! 838: Disabled by default. ! 839: See also ``outfolder'' above. ! 840: .V save ! 841: Enable saving of messages in \*(dl on interrupt or delivery error. ! 842: See ``DEAD'' for a description of this file. ! 843: Enabled by default. ! 844: .Va screen \*(nu ! 845: Sets the number of lines in a screen\-full of headers for the ! 846: ``headers'' command. ! 847: Default depends on baud rate. ! 848: .Va sendmail \*(sh ! 849: Alternate command for delivering messages. ! 850: Default is ! 851: .BR /bin/mail . ! 852: .V sendwait ! 853: Wait for background mailer to finish before returning. ! 854: Enabled by default. ! 855: .Va SHELL \*(sh ! 856: The name of a preferred command interpreter. ! 857: Default is ! 858: .BR /bin/sh . ! 859: .V showto ! 860: When displaying the header summary and the message is from you, ! 861: print the recipient's address instead of the author's address. ! 862: Enabled by default. ! 863: .Va sign \*(st ! 864: The variable inserted into the text of a message when the ``~a'' ! 865: command is given. ! 866: No default (see also ~i). ! 867: .Va Sign \*(st ! 868: The variable inserted into the text of a message when the ``~A'' ! 869: command is given. ! 870: No default (see also ~i). ! 871: .Va toplines \*(nu ! 872: The number of lines of header to print with the ``top'' command. ! 873: Default is 5. ! 874: .Va translate \fIcommand\fP ! 875: Run the given address(es) through ! 876: .I command ! 877: for resolution. ! 878: Disabled by default. ! 879: .Va \s-1VISUAL\s+1 \*(sh ! 880: The name of a preferred screen editor. ! 881: Default is ``vi''. ! 882: .PD ! 883: .SH FILES ! 884: .PD 0 ! 885: .TP 30 ! 886: $HOME/.mailrc ! 887: personal start-up file ! 888: .TP ! 889: $HOME/mbox ! 890: secondary storage file ! 891: .TP ! 892: /usr/mail/* ! 893: mailboxes ! 894: .TP ! 895: /usr/lib/mailx.help* ! 896: help message files ! 897: .TP ! 898: /usr/lib/mailx.rc ! 899: optional global start-up file ! 900: .TP ! 901: /tmp/R[emqsx]* ! 902: temporary files ! 903: .PD ! 904: .SH SEE ALSO ! 905: ls(1), ! 906: mail(1), ! 907: post(1), ! 908: pg(1).
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