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Annotation of researchv10no/cmd/netnews/man/readnews.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH READNEWS 1
        !             2: .SH NAME
        !             3: readnews \- read news articles
        !             4: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             5: .BR readnews " [ " \-a
        !             6: .IR date " ] [ "
        !             7: .B \-n
        !             8: .IR newsgroups " ] [ "
        !             9: .B \-t
        !            10: .IR titles " ] [ "
        !            11: .BR \-lprxhfuM " ] [ "
        !            12: .BR \-c " [ "
        !            13: .IR mailer " ] ]"
        !            14: .PP
        !            15: .B "readnews \-s"
        !            16: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            17: .I readnews
        !            18: without argument prints unread articles.
        !            19: There are several interfaces available:
        !            20: .TP 10
        !            21: Flag
        !            22: Interface
        !            23: .TP 10
        !            24: default
        !            25: A
        !            26: .IR msgs (1)
        !            27: like interface.
        !            28: .TP 10
        !            29: .B \-M
        !            30: An interface to
        !            31: .IR Mail (1).
        !            32: .TP 10
        !            33: .B \-c
        !            34: A
        !            35: .IR /bin/mail (1)\-like
        !            36: interface.
        !            37: .TP 10
        !            38: .BI "\-c " ``mailer''
        !            39: All selected articles written to a temporary file.  Then the mailer is
        !            40: invoked.  The name of the temporary file is referenced with a ``%''.
        !            41: Thus, ``mail \-f %'' will invoke mail on a temporary file consisting of all
        !            42: selected messages.
        !            43: .TP 10
        !            44: .B \-p
        !            45: All selected articles are sent to the standard output.  No questions asked.
        !            46: .TP 10
        !            47: .B \-l
        !            48: Only the titles output.  The
        !            49: .I .newsrc
        !            50: file will not be updated.
        !            51: .LP
        !            52: The
        !            53: .B \-r
        !            54: flag causes the articles to be printed in reverse order.  The
        !            55: .B \-f
        !            56: flag prevents any followup articles from being printed.  The
        !            57: .B \-h
        !            58: flag causes articles to be printed in a less verbose format,
        !            59: and is intended for terminals running at 300 baud.
        !            60: the
        !            61: .B \-u
        !            62: flag causes the
        !            63: .B .newsrc
        !            64: file to be updated every 5 minutes,
        !            65: in case of an unreliable system.
        !            66: (Note that if the newsrc file is updated,
        !            67: the
        !            68: .B x
        !            69: command will not restore it to its original contents.)
        !            70: .PP
        !            71: The following flags determine the selection of articles.
        !            72: .TP 10
        !            73: .BI "\-n " newsgroups
        !            74: Select all articles that belong to
        !            75: .I newsgroups.
        !            76: .TP 10
        !            77: .BI "\-t " titles
        !            78: Select all articles whose titles contain one of the strings specified by
        !            79: .I titles.
        !            80: .TP 10
        !            81: .BI "\-a " "\fR[\fP date \fR]\fP"
        !            82: Select all articles that were posted past the given
        !            83: .I date
        !            84: (in
        !            85: .IR getdate (3)
        !            86: format).
        !            87: .TP 10
        !            88: .B \-x
        !            89: Ignore
        !            90: .I .newsrc
        !            91: file.  That is, select articles that have already been read as well as new ones.
        !            92: .PP
        !            93: .I readnews
        !            94: maintains a
        !            95: .I .newsrc
        !            96: file in the user's home directory that specifies all news articles
        !            97: already read.  It is updated at the end of each reading session in
        !            98: which the
        !            99: .BR \-x " or " \-l
        !           100: options weren't specified.
        !           101: If the environment variable NEWSRC is present, it should be the path
        !           102: name of a file to be used in place of .newsrc.
        !           103: .PP
        !           104: If the user wishes, an options line may be placed in the
        !           105: .I .newsrc
        !           106: file.
        !           107: This line starts with the word
        !           108: .B options
        !           109: (left justified) followed by the list of standard options just as
        !           110: they would be typed on the command line.  Such a list may include:
        !           111: the
        !           112: .B \-n
        !           113: flag along with a newsgroup list; a favorite interface; and/or
        !           114: the
        !           115: .B \-r
        !           116: or
        !           117: .B \-t
        !           118: flag.  Continuation lines are specified by following lines
        !           119: beginning with a space or tab character.
        !           120: Similarly, options can be specified in the
        !           121: .B NEWSOPTS
        !           122: environment parameter.  Where conflicts exist, option on the command
        !           123: line take precedence, followed by the
        !           124: .I .newsrc
        !           125: .B options
        !           126: line, and lastly the
        !           127: .B NEWSOPTS
        !           128: parameter.
        !           129: .PP
        !           130: .B readnews \-s
        !           131: will print the newsgroup subscription list.
        !           132: .PP
        !           133: When the user uses the reply command of the
        !           134: .IR msgs "(1) or " /bin/mail (1)
        !           135: interfaces, the environment parameter
        !           136: .B MAILER
        !           137: will be used to determine
        !           138: which mailer to use.  The default is usually /bin/mail.
        !           139: .PP
        !           140: If the user so desires, he may specify a specific paging progam
        !           141: for articles.  The environment parameter
        !           142: .B PAGER
        !           143: should be set to
        !           144: the paging program.  The name of the article is referenced with
        !           145: a `%', as in the
        !           146: .B \-c
        !           147: option.  If no `%' is present, the article will be piped to the program.
        !           148: Paging may be disabled by setting
        !           149: .B PAGER
        !           150: to a null value.
        !           151: .SH "COMMANDS"
        !           152: .PP
        !           153: This section lists the commands you can type to the msgs and /bin/mail
        !           154: interface prompts.
        !           155: The msgs interface will suggest some common commands in brackets.
        !           156: Just hitting return is the same as typing the first command.
        !           157: For example, ``[ynq]'' means that the commands ``y'' (yes), ``n'' (no),
        !           158: and ``q'' (quit) are common responses, and that ``y'' is the default.
        !           159: .ta 2.5i
        !           160: Command                Meaning
        !           161: .IP y
        !           162: Yes.  Prints current article and goes on to next.
        !           163: .IP n
        !           164: No.  Goes on to next article without printing current one.
        !           165: In the /bin/mail interface, this means ``go on to the next article'',
        !           166: which will have the same effect as ``y'' or just hitting return.
        !           167: .IP q
        !           168: Quit.  The .newsrc
        !           169: file will be updated if \-l or \-x were not on the command line.
        !           170: .IP c
        !           171: Cancel the article.  Only the author or the super user can do this.
        !           172: .IP r
        !           173: Reply.  Reply to article's author via mail.
        !           174: You are placed in your EDITOR with a header specifying
        !           175: To, Subject, and References lines taken from the message.
        !           176: You may change or add headers, as appropriate.
        !           177: You add the text of the reply after the blank line, and then exit
        !           178: the editor.  The resulting message is mailed to the author of the article.
        !           179: .IP rd
        !           180: Reply directly.
        !           181: You are placed in $MAILER (``mail'' by default) in reply to the author.
        !           182: Type the text of the reply and then control-D.
        !           183: .IP "f [\fItitle\fP]"
        !           184: Submit a follow up article.
        !           185: Normally you should leave off the title, since the system will generate
        !           186: one for you.
        !           187: You will be placed in your EDITOR to compose the text of the followup.
        !           188: .IP "fd"
        !           189: Followup directly, without edited headers.  This is like
        !           190: .IR f ,
        !           191: but the headers of the article are not included in the editor buffer.
        !           192: .IP "N [\fInewsgroup\fP]"
        !           193: Go to the next newsgroup or named newsgroup.
        !           194: .IP "s [\fIfile\fP]"
        !           195: Save.  The article is appended to the named file.
        !           196: The default is ``Articles''.
        !           197: If the first character of the file name is `|',
        !           198: the rest of the file name is taken as the name of a program,
        !           199: which is executed with the text of the article as standard input.
        !           200: If the first character of the file name is `/', it is
        !           201: taken as a full path name of a file.
        !           202: If $NEWSBOX (in the environment) is set to a full path name,
        !           203: and the file contains no `/', the file is saved in $NEWSBOX.
        !           204: Otherwise, it is saved relative to $HOME.
        !           205: .IP #
        !           206: Report the name and size of the newsgroup.
        !           207: .IP e
        !           208: Erase.  Forget that this article was read.
        !           209: .IP h
        !           210: Print a more verbose header.
        !           211: .IP H
        !           212: Print a very verbose header, containing all known information
        !           213: about the article.
        !           214: .IP U
        !           215: Unsubscribe from this newsgroup.
        !           216: Also goes on to the next newsgroup.
        !           217: .IP d
        !           218: Read a digest.  Breaks up a digest into separate articles
        !           219: and permits you to read and reply to each piece.
        !           220: .IP D [\fInumber\fP]
        !           221: Decrypt.  Invokes a Caesar decoding program on the body of the message.
        !           222: This is used to decrypt rotated jokes posted to net.jokes.
        !           223: Such jokes are usually obscene or otherwise offensive to some
        !           224: groups of people, and so are rotated to avoid accidental
        !           225: decryption by people who would be offended.
        !           226: The title of the joke should indicate the nature of the problem,
        !           227: enabling people to decide whether to decrypt it or not.
        !           228: .PP
        !           229: Normally the Caesar program does a character frequency count on
        !           230: each line of the article separately, so that lines which are not
        !           231: rotated will be shown in plain text.
        !           232: This works well unless the line is short, in which case it sometimes
        !           233: gets the wrong rotation.
        !           234: An explicit
        !           235: .I number
        !           236: rotation (usually 13) may be given to force a particular shift.
        !           237: .IP v
        !           238: Print the current version of the news software.
        !           239: .IP !
        !           240: Shell escape.
        !           241: .IP \fInumber\fP
        !           242: Go to \fInumber\fP.
        !           243: .IP +[\fIn\fP]
        !           244: Skip n articles.
        !           245: The articles skipped are recorded as ``unread'' and will be
        !           246: offered to you again the next time you read news.
        !           247: .IP \-
        !           248: Go back to last article.
        !           249: This is a toggle, typing it twice returns you to the original article.
        !           250: .IP x
        !           251: Exit.  Like quit except that .newsrc is not updated.
        !           252: .IP "X \fIsystem\fP"
        !           253: Transmit article to the named system.
        !           254: .PP
        !           255: The commands
        !           256: c, f, fd, r, rd, e, h, H, and s
        !           257: can be followed by \-'s to refer to the previous article.
        !           258: Thus, when replying to an article using the msgs interface,
        !           259: you should normally type ``r\-'' (or ``re-'') since by the time you enter
        !           260: a command, you are being offerred the next article.
        !           261: .SH EXAMPLES
        !           262: .TP 10
        !           263: .B readnews
        !           264: Read all unread articles using the
        !           265: .IR msgs (1)
        !           266: interface.  The
        !           267: .I .newsrc
        !           268: file is updated at the end of the session.
        !           269: .TP 10
        !           270: .B readnews \-c ``ed %'' \-l
        !           271: Invoke the
        !           272: .IR ed (1)
        !           273: text editor on a file containing the titles of all unread articles.  The
        !           274: .I .newsrc
        !           275: file is
        !           276: .B not
        !           277: updated at the end of the session.
        !           278: .TP 10
        !           279: .B readnews \-n all !fa.all \-M \-r
        !           280: Read all unread articles except articles whose newsgroups begin with
        !           281: "fa." via
        !           282: .IR Mail (1)
        !           283: in reverse order.  The
        !           284: .I .newsrc
        !           285: file is updated at the end of the session.
        !           286: .TP 10
        !           287: .B "readnews \-p \-n all \-a last thursday"
        !           288: Print every unread article since last Thursday.  The
        !           289: .I .newsrc
        !           290: file is
        !           291: updated at the end of the session.
        !           292: .TP 10
        !           293: .B "readnews \-p > /dev/null &"
        !           294: Discard all unread news.
        !           295: This is useful after returning from a long trip.
        !           296: .SH FILES
        !           297: .PD 0
        !           298: .TP 25
        !           299: .RI /usr/spool/news/ newsgroup / number
        !           300: News articles
        !           301: .TP 25
        !           302: /usr/lib/news/active
        !           303: Active newsgroups and numbers of articles
        !           304: .TP 25
        !           305: /usr/lib/news/help
        !           306: Help file for
        !           307: .IR msgs (1)
        !           308: interface
        !           309: .TP 25
        !           310: ~/.newsrc
        !           311: Options and list of previously read articles
        !           312: .PD
        !           313: .SH SEE ALSO
        !           314: checknews(1),
        !           315: inews(1),
        !           316: sendnews(8),
        !           317: recnews(8),
        !           318: uurec(8),
        !           319: msgs(1),
        !           320: Mail(1),
        !           321: mail(1),
        !           322: news(5),
        !           323: newsrc(5)
        !           324: .SH AUTHORS
        !           325: Matt Glickman
        !           326: .br
        !           327: Mark Horton
        !           328: .br
        !           329: Stephen Daniel
        !           330: .br
        !           331: Tom R. Truscott

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