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1.1 ! root 1: '\"macro stdmacro ! 2: .if n .pH g1.mailx %W% of %G% ! 3: .nr X ! 4: .if \nX=0 .ds x} mailx 1 "Essential Utilities" "\&" ! 5: .if \nX=1 .ds x} mailx 1 "Essential Utilities" ! 6: .if \nX=2 .ds x} mailx 1 "" "\&" ! 7: .if \nX=3 .ds x} mailx "" "" "\&" ! 8: .TH \*(x} ! 9: .\" mailx command (in COMMAND section) ! 10: .de Cm ! 11: .PD ! 12: .\"sp ! 13: .ne 3 ! 14: .TP ! 15: \\f4\\$1\\f1\\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8 \\$9 ! 16: .\"br ! 17: .. ! 18: .\" lines two through n of mailx command (.Cm) ! 19: .de C ! 20: .PD 0 ! 21: .ne 2 ! 22: .TP ! 23: \\f4\\$1\\f1\\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8 \\$9 ! 24: .\"br ! 25: .. ! 26: .\" mailx tilde escape (in TILDE ESCAPE section) ! 27: .de Ti ! 28: .\"sp ! 29: .ne 2 ! 30: .TP ! 31: \\f4~\\^\\$1\\f1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8 \\$9 ! 32: .\"br ! 33: .. ! 34: .\" mailx environment variable that takes an arg (in ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE section) ! 35: .de Va ! 36: .\"sp ! 37: .ne 2 ! 38: .TP ! 39: \\f4\\$1\\f1=\\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 \\$8 \\$9 ! 40: .\"br ! 41: .. ! 42: .\" mailx environment variable that does not take an arg (in ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE section) ! 43: .de V ! 44: .\"sp ! 45: .ne 2 ! 46: .TP ! 47: \\f4\\$1\\f1 ! 48: .\"br ! 49: .. ! 50: .\" mailx environment variable in running text ! 51: .de Ev ! 52: \f4\\$1\f1\\$2 ! 53: .. ! 54: .ds Ma \\f4mailx\\f1 ! 55: .ds EV "\s-1ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES\s+1 ! 56: .ds CM "\s-1COMMANDS\s+1 ! 57: .ds TX "\s-1TILDE ESCAPES\s+1 ! 58: .ds WA "\s-1WARNINGS\s+1 ! 59: .ds al \\f2alias\\f1 ! 60: .ds nu \\f2number\\f1 ! 61: .ds ms \\f2message\f1 ! 62: .ds sh \\f2shell-command\\f1 ! 63: .ds mC \\f2mail-command\\f1 ! 64: .ds dl \\f4dead.letter\\f1 ! 65: .ds mr \\f4.mailrc\\f1 ! 66: .ds mb \\f4mbox\\f1 ! 67: .ds mx \\f4mailbox\\f1 ! 68: .ds ml \\f2msglist\\f1 ! 69: .ds om [\\f2msglist\\f1] ! 70: .ds hf \\f2header-field\\f1 ! 71: .ds fn \\f2filename\\f1 ! 72: .ds st \\f2string\\f1 ! 73: .ds dr \\f2directory\\f1 ! 74: .ds nm \\f2name\\f1 ! 75: .SH NAME ! 76: \f4mailx\f1 \- interactive message processing system ! 77: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 78: \f4mailx\f1 ! 79: [ ! 80: .I options ! 81: ] [ ! 82: .IR name \|.\|.\|.\| ! 83: ] ! 84: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 85: The command ! 86: \f4mailx\fP provides a comfortable, flexible environment for sending and ! 87: receiving messages electronically. ! 88: When reading mail, ! 89: \*(Ma provides commands to facilitate saving, deleting, and responding to ! 90: messages. ! 91: When sending mail, ! 92: \*(Ma allows editing, reviewing and other modification of the message ! 93: as it is entered. ! 94: .PP ! 95: Many of the remote features of \f4mailx\fP ! 96: work only if the Basic Networking Utilities are installed on your system. ! 97: .PP ! 98: Incoming mail is stored in a standard file for each user, ! 99: called the \*(mx for that user. ! 100: When \*(Ma is called to read messages, ! 101: the \*(mx is the default place to find them. ! 102: As messages are read, ! 103: they are marked to be moved to a secondary file for storage, ! 104: unless specific action is taken, ! 105: so that the messages need not be seen again. ! 106: This secondary file is called the \*(mb ! 107: and is normally located in the user's ! 108: \f4HOME\f1 ! 109: directory ! 110: [see ! 111: .Ev MBOX ! 112: (\*(EV) for a description of this file]. ! 113: Messages can be saved in other secondary files named by the user. ! 114: Messages remain in a secondary file until forcibly removed. ! 115: .PP ! 116: The user can access a secondary file by using the ! 117: \f4\-f\f1 option of the \*(Ma command. ! 118: Messages in the secondary file can then be read or otherwise ! 119: processed using the same \*(CM as in the primary \*(mx. ! 120: This gives rise within these pages to the notion of a current \*(mx. ! 121: .PP ! 122: On the command line, ! 123: .I options ! 124: start with a dash (\-) and any other arguments are taken to be ! 125: destinations (recipients). ! 126: If no recipients are specified, ! 127: \*(Ma attempts to read messages from the \*(mx. ! 128: Command-line options are: ! 129: .PP ! 130: .RS ! 131: .TP 14 ! 132: \f4\-d\f1 ! 133: Turn on debugging output. ! 134: .TP ! 135: \f4\-e\f1 ! 136: Test for presence of mail. ! 137: \f4mailx\fP prints nothing and exits with a successful return code if there is ! 138: mail to read. ! 139: .TP ! 140: \f4\-f\f1 [\*(fn] ! 141: Read messages from \*(fn instead of \*(mx. ! 142: If no \*(fn is specified, ! 143: the \*(mb is used. ! 144: .TP ! 145: \f4\-F\f1 ! 146: Record the message in a file named after the first recipient. ! 147: Overrides the ! 148: .Ev record ! 149: variable, if set (see \*(EV). ! 150: .TP ! 151: \f4\-h\f1 \*(nu ! 152: The number of network ``hops'' made so far. ! 153: This is provided for network ! 154: software to avoid infinite delivery loops. ! 155: This option and its argument is passed to the delivery program. ! 156: .TP ! 157: \f4\-H\f1 ! 158: Print header summary only. ! 159: .TP ! 160: \f4\-i\f1 ! 161: Ignore interrupts. ! 162: See also ! 163: .Ev ignore ! 164: (\*(EV). ! 165: .TP ! 166: \f4\-I\f1 ! 167: Include the newsgroup and article-id header lines when printing mail ! 168: messages. ! 169: This option requires the \f4\-f\f1 option to be specified. ! 170: .TP ! 171: \f4\-n\f1 ! 172: Do not initialize from the system default ! 173: .I mailx.rc ! 174: file. ! 175: .TP ! 176: \f4\-N\f1 ! 177: Do not print initial header summary. ! 178: .TP ! 179: \f4\-r\f2 address\f1 ! 180: Use ! 181: .I address ! 182: as the return address when invoking the delivery program. ! 183: All tilde commands are disabled. ! 184: This option and its argument is passed to the delivery program. ! 185: .TP ! 186: \f4\-s\f2 subject\f1 ! 187: Set the Subject header field to ! 188: .IR subject . ! 189: .TP ! 190: \f4\-T\f2 file\f1 ! 191: Message-id and article-id header lines are recorded in \f2file\f1 after the ! 192: message is read. ! 193: This option will also set the \f4\-I\f1 option. ! 194: .TP ! 195: \f4\-u\f2 user\f1 ! 196: Read ! 197: .IR user 's ! 198: \*(mx. ! 199: This is only effective if ! 200: .IR user 's ! 201: \*(mx is not read protected. ! 202: .TP ! 203: \f4\-U\f1 ! 204: Convert \f4uucp\fP style addresses to internet standards. ! 205: Overrides the ! 206: .Ev conv ! 207: environment variable. ! 208: .TP ! 209: \f4\-V\f1 ! 210: Print the \*(Ma version number and exit. ! 211: .RE ! 212: .PP ! 213: When reading mail, ! 214: \*(Ma is in ! 215: \f2command mode\f1. ! 216: A header summary of the first several messages is displayed, ! 217: followed by a prompt indicating \*(Ma can accept regular commands ! 218: (see \*(CM below). ! 219: When sending mail, ! 220: \*(Ma is in ! 221: \f2input mode\f1. ! 222: If no subject is specified on the command line, ! 223: a prompt for the subject is printed. ! 224: (A subject longer than 1024 characters causes \*(Ma to print the ! 225: message \f2mail: ERROR signal 10\fP; the mail will not be delivered.) ! 226: As the message is typed, ! 227: \*(Ma reads the message and store it in a temporary ! 228: file. ! 229: Commands may be entered by beginning a line with the tilde (~) escape ! 230: character followed by a single command letter and optional arguments. ! 231: See \*(TX for a summary of these commands. ! 232: .PP ! 233: At any time, ! 234: the behavior of \*(Ma is governed by a set of ! 235: \f2environment variables\f1. ! 236: These are flags and valued parameters which are set and cleared via the ! 237: \f4se\f1t ! 238: and ! 239: \f4uns\f1et ! 240: commands. ! 241: See \*(EV below for a summary of these parameters. ! 242: .PP ! 243: Recipients listed on the command line may be of three types: ! 244: login names, ! 245: shell commands, ! 246: or ! 247: alias groups. ! 248: Login names may be any network address, ! 249: including mixed network addressing. ! 250: If mail is found to be undeliverable, an attempt is ! 251: made to return it to the sender's \f2mailbox\f1. ! 252: If the recipient name begins with a pipe symbol ( | ), ! 253: the rest of the name is taken to be a shell command to pipe the ! 254: message through. ! 255: This provides an automatic interface with any program that reads the standard ! 256: input, such as ! 257: \f4lp\fP(1) ! 258: for recording outgoing mail on paper. ! 259: Alias groups are set by the ! 260: \f4a\f1lias ! 261: command (see \*(CM below) ! 262: and are lists of recipients of any type. ! 263: .PP ! 264: Regular commands are of the form ! 265: .PP ! 266: .RS ! 267: [ ! 268: .I command ! 269: ] [ ! 270: .I msglist ! 271: ] [ ! 272: .I arguments ! 273: ] ! 274: .RE ! 275: .PP ! 276: If no command is specified in \f2command mode\f1, ! 277: \f4p\f1rint ! 278: is assumed. ! 279: In \f2input mode\f1, ! 280: commands are recognized by the escape character, ! 281: and lines not treated as commands are taken as input for the message. ! 282: .PP ! 283: Each message is assigned a sequential number, ! 284: and there is at any time the notion of a current message, ! 285: marked by a right angle bracket (>) in the header summary. ! 286: Many commands take an optional list of messages ! 287: (\*(ml) to operate on. ! 288: The default for \f2msglist\f1 is the current message. ! 289: A \*(ml is a list of message identifiers separated by spaces, ! 290: which may include: ! 291: .PP ! 292: .RS ! 293: .TP 8 ! 294: \f4n\f1 ! 295: Message number ! 296: \f4n\f1. ! 297: .TP ! 298: \f4\&.\f1 ! 299: The current message. ! 300: .TP ! 301: \f4^\f1 ! 302: The first undeleted message. ! 303: .TP ! 304: \f4$\f1 ! 305: The last message. ! 306: .TP ! 307: \f4*\f1 ! 308: All messages. ! 309: .TP ! 310: \f4n\-m\f1 ! 311: An inclusive range of message numbers. ! 312: .TP ! 313: \f4user\f1 ! 314: All messages from ! 315: \f4user\f1. ! 316: .TP ! 317: \f4/string\f1 ! 318: All messages with ! 319: \f4string\f1 ! 320: in the subject line (case ignored). ! 321: .TP ! 322: \f4:\f2c\f1 ! 323: All messages of type ! 324: .IR c , ! 325: where ! 326: .I c ! 327: is one of: ! 328: .RS 13 ! 329: .TP ! 330: \f4d\f1 ! 331: deleted messages ! 332: .TP ! 333: \f4n\f1 ! 334: new messages ! 335: .TP ! 336: \f4o\f1 ! 337: old messages ! 338: .TP ! 339: \f4r\f1 ! 340: read messages ! 341: .TP ! 342: \f4u\f1 ! 343: unread messages ! 344: .RE 0 ! 345: .RS 13 ! 346: Note that the context of the command determines whether this type of ! 347: message specification makes sense. ! 348: .RE ! 349: .PP ! 350: Other arguments are usually arbitrary strings whose usage ! 351: depends on the command involved. ! 352: File names, ! 353: where expected, ! 354: are expanded via the normal shell conventions [see ! 355: \f4sh\fP(1)]. ! 356: Special characters are recognized by certain commands and are ! 357: documented with the commands below. ! 358: .PP ! 359: At start-up time, ! 360: \*(Ma tries to execute commands from the optional system-wide file ! 361: (\f4/etc/mail/mailx.rc\f1) to initialize ! 362: certain parameters, ! 363: then from a private start-up file ! 364: \f1(\f4$HOME/.mailrc\f1) ! 365: for personalized variables. ! 366: With the exceptions noted below, ! 367: regular commands are legal inside start-up files. ! 368: The most common use of a start-up file is ! 369: to set up initial display options and alias lists. ! 370: The following commands are not legal in the start-up file: ! 371: \f4!\f1, ! 372: \f4C\f1opy, ! 373: \f4e\f1dit, ! 374: \f4fo\f1llowup, ! 375: \f4F\f1ollowup, ! 376: \f4ho\f1ld, ! 377: \f4m\f1ail, ! 378: \f4pre\f1serve, ! 379: \f4r\f1eply, ! 380: \f4R\f1eply, ! 381: \f4sh\f1ell, ! 382: and ! 383: \f4v\f1isual. ! 384: An error in the start-up file causes the remaining lines in the file to ! 385: be ignored. ! 386: The \*(mr file is optional, and must be constructed locally. ! 387: .SS \*(CM ! 388: The following is a complete list of \*(Ma commands: ! 389: .PP ! 390: .Cm ! \*(sh ! 391: Escape to the shell. ! 392: See ! 393: .Ev SHELL ! 394: (\*(EV). ! 395: .Cm # "" \f2comment\f1 ! 396: Null command (comment). ! 397: This may be useful in \*(mr files. ! 398: .Cm = ! 399: Print the current message number. ! 400: .Cm ? ! 401: Prints a summary of commands. ! 402: .Cm a lias \*(al \*(nm ... ! 403: .C g roup \*(al \*(nm ... ! 404: Declare an alias for the given names. ! 405: The names are substituted ! 406: when ! 407: \*(al is used as a recipient. ! 408: Useful in the \*(mr file. ! 409: .Cm alt ernates \*(nm ... ! 410: Declares a list of alternate names for your login. ! 411: When responding to a message, ! 412: these names are removed from the list of recipients for the response. ! 413: With no arguments, ! 414: \f4alt\f1ernates ! 415: prints the current list of alternate names. ! 416: See also ! 417: .Ev allnet ! 418: (\*(EV). ! 419: .Cm cd "" [\*(dr] ! 420: .C ch dir [\*(dr] ! 421: Change directory. ! 422: If \*(dr is not specified, ! 423: \f4$HOME\f1 ! 424: is used. ! 425: .Cm c opy [\*(fn] ! 426: .C c opy \*(om \*(fn ! 427: Copy messages to the file without marking the messages as saved. ! 428: Otherwise equivalent to the ! 429: \f4s\f1ave ! 430: command. ! 431: .Cm C opy \*(om ! 432: Save the specified messages in a file whose name is derived from the ! 433: author of the ! 434: message to be saved, without marking the messages as saved. ! 435: Otherwise equivalent to the ! 436: \f4S\f1ave ! 437: command. ! 438: .Cm d elete \*(om ! 439: Delete messages from the \*(mx. ! 440: If ! 441: .Ev autoprint ! 442: is set, ! 443: the next message after the last one deleted is printed ! 444: (see \*(EV). ! 445: .Cm di scard [\*(hf ...] ! 446: .C ig nore [\*(hf ...] ! 447: Suppresses printing of the specified header fields when displaying messages ! 448: on the screen. ! 449: Examples of header fields to ignore are ! 450: \f4status\f1 ! 451: and ! 452: \f4cc\f1. ! 453: The fields are included when the message is saved. ! 454: The ! 455: \f4P\f1rint ! 456: and ! 457: \f4T\f1ype ! 458: commands override this command. ! 459: If no header is specified, the current list of header fields being ignored ! 460: will be printed. ! 461: See also the \f4undi\f1scard and \f4unig\f1nore commands. ! 462: .Cm dp "" \*(om ! 463: .C dt "" \*(om ! 464: Delete the specified messages from the \*(mx and print the next message ! 465: after the last one deleted. ! 466: Roughly equivalent to a ! 467: \f4d\f1elete ! 468: command followed by a ! 469: \f4p\f1rint ! 470: command. ! 471: .Cm ec ho \*(st ... ! 472: Echo the given strings [like ! 473: \f4echo\fP(1)]. ! 474: .Cm e dit \*(om ! 475: Edit the given messages. ! 476: The messages are placed in a temporary file and the ! 477: .Ev EDITOR ! 478: variable ! 479: is used to get the name of the editor ! 480: (see \*(EV). ! 481: Default editor is ! 482: \f4ed\fP(1). ! 483: .Cm ex it ! 484: .C x it ! 485: Exit from \*(Ma, ! 486: without changing the \*(mx. ! 487: No messages are saved in the \*(mb (see also ! 488: \f4q\f1uit). ! 489: .Cm fi le [\*(fn] ! 490: .C fold er [\*(fn] ! 491: Quit from the current file of messages and read in the specified file. ! 492: Several special characters are recognized when used as file names, ! 493: with the following substitutions: ! 494: .RS 10 ! 495: .TP 10 ! 496: \f4%\f1 ! 497: the current \*(mx. ! 498: .TP ! 499: \f4%\f2user\f1 ! 500: the \*(mx for ! 501: .IR user . ! 502: .TP ! 503: \f4#\f1 ! 504: the previous file. ! 505: .TP ! 506: \f4&\f1 ! 507: the current \*(mb. ! 508: .RE ! 509: .RS 5 ! 510: Default file is the current \*(mx. ! 511: .RE ! 512: .Cm folders ! 513: Print the names of the files in the ! 514: directory set by the ! 515: .Ev folder ! 516: variable ! 517: (see \*(EV). ! 518: .Cm fo llowup [\*(ms] ! 519: Respond to a message, ! 520: recording the response in a file whose name is derived from the ! 521: author of the message. ! 522: Overrides the ! 523: .Ev record ! 524: variable, if set. ! 525: See also the ! 526: \f4F\f1ollowup, ! 527: \f4S\f1ave, ! 528: and ! 529: \f4C\f1opy ! 530: commands and ! 531: .Ev outfolder ! 532: (\*(EV). ! 533: .Cm F ollowup \*(om ! 534: Respond to the first message in the \*(ml, ! 535: sending the message to the author of each message in the \*(ml. ! 536: The subject line is taken from the first message ! 537: and the response is recorded in a file whose name is derived ! 538: from the author of the first message. ! 539: See also the ! 540: \f4fo\f1llowup, ! 541: \f4S\f1ave, ! 542: and ! 543: \f4C\f1opy ! 544: commands ! 545: and ! 546: .Ev outfolder ! 547: (\*(EV). ! 548: .Cm f rom \*(om ! 549: Prints the header summary for the specified messages. ! 550: .Cm g roup \*(al \*(nm ... ! 551: .C a lias \*(al \*(nm ... ! 552: Declare an alias for the given names. ! 553: The names are substituted ! 554: when ! 555: \*(al is used as a recipient. ! 556: Useful in the \*(mr file. ! 557: .Cm h eaders [\*(ms] ! 558: Prints the page of headers which includes the message specified. ! 559: The ! 560: .Ev screen ! 561: variable sets the number of headers per page ! 562: (see \*(EV). ! 563: See also the ! 564: \f4z\f1 ! 565: command. ! 566: .Cm hel p ! 567: Prints a summary of commands. ! 568: .Cm ho ld \*(om ! 569: .C pre serve \*(om ! 570: Holds the specified messages in the \*(mx. ! 571: .Cm i f \f2s\f1 | \f2r\f1 ! 572: .C "" \*(mCs ! 573: .C el se ! 574: .C "" \*(mCs ! 575: .C en dif ! 576: Conditional execution, where ! 577: .I s ! 578: executes following \*(mCs, up to an ! 579: \f4el\f1se ! 580: or ! 581: \f4en\f1dif, ! 582: if the program is in ! 583: .I send ! 584: mode, and ! 585: .I r ! 586: causes the \*(mCs to be executed only in ! 587: .I receive ! 588: mode. ! 589: Useful in the \*(mr file. ! 590: .Cm ig nore [\*(hf ...] ! 591: .C di scard [\*(hf ...] ! 592: Suppresses printing of the specified header fields when displaying messages ! 593: on the screen. ! 594: Examples of header fields to ignore are ! 595: \f4status\f1 ! 596: and ! 597: \f4cc\f1. ! 598: All fields are included when the message is saved. ! 599: The ! 600: \f4P\f1rint ! 601: and ! 602: \f4T\f1ype ! 603: commands override this command. ! 604: If no header is specified, the current list of header fields being ignored ! 605: will be printed. ! 606: See also the \f4undi\f1scard and \f4unig\f1nore commands. ! 607: .Cm l ist ! 608: Prints all commands available. ! 609: No explanation is given. ! 610: .Cm m ail \*(nm ... ! 611: Mail a message to the specified users. ! 612: .Cm M ail \*(nm ! 613: Mail a message to the specified user and record a copy of it ! 614: in a file named after that user. ! 615: .Cm mb ox \*(om ! 616: Arrange for the given messages to end up in the standard \*(mb save file ! 617: when \*(Ma terminates normally. ! 618: See ! 619: .Ev MBOX ! 620: (\*(EV) for a description of this file. ! 621: See also the ! 622: \f4ex\f1it ! 623: and ! 624: \f4q\f1uit ! 625: commands. ! 626: .Cm n ext [\*(ms] ! 627: Go to next message matching \*(ms. ! 628: A \*(ml may be specified, ! 629: but in this case the first valid message in the list is the only one used. ! 630: This is useful for jumping to the next message from a specific user, ! 631: since the name would be taken as a command in the absence of a real command. ! 632: See the discussion of \*(mls above for a description of ! 633: possible message specifications. ! 634: .Cm pi pe \*(om [\*(sh] ! 635: .C | "" \*(om [\*(sh] ! 636: Pipe the message through the given \*(sh. ! 637: The message is treated as if it were read. ! 638: If no arguments are given, ! 639: the current message is piped through the command specified by the ! 640: value of the ! 641: .Ev cmd ! 642: variable. ! 643: If the ! 644: .Ev page ! 645: variable is set, ! 646: a form feed character is inserted after each message ! 647: (see \*(EV). ! 648: .Cm pre serve \*(om ! 649: .C ho ld \*(om ! 650: Preserve the specified messages in the \*(mx. ! 651: .Cm P rint \*(om ! 652: .C T ype \*(om ! 653: Print the specified messages on the screen, ! 654: including all header fields. ! 655: Overrides suppression of fields by the ! 656: \f4ig\f1nore ! 657: command. ! 658: .Cm p rint \*(om ! 659: .C t ype \*(om ! 660: Print the specified messages. ! 661: If ! 662: .Ev crt ! 663: is set, ! 664: the messages longer than the number of lines specified by the ! 665: .Ev crt ! 666: variable are paged through the command specified by the ! 667: .Ev PAGER ! 668: variable. ! 669: The default command is ! 670: \f4pg\fP(1) ! 671: (see \*(EV). ! 672: .Cm q uit ! 673: Exit from \*(Ma, ! 674: storing messages that were read in \*(mb and unread messages in the \*(mx. ! 675: Messages that have been explicitly saved in a file are deleted. ! 676: .Cm R eply \*(om ! 677: .C R espond \*(om ! 678: Send a response to the author of each message in the \*(ml. ! 679: The subject line is taken from the first message. ! 680: If ! 681: .Ev record ! 682: is set to a file name, ! 683: the response is saved at the end of that file (see \*(EV). ! 684: .Cm r eply [\*(ms] ! 685: .C r espond [\*(ms] ! 686: Reply to the specified message, ! 687: including all other recipients of the message. ! 688: If ! 689: .Ev record ! 690: is set to a file name, ! 691: the response is saved at the end of that file (see \*(EV). ! 692: .Cm S ave \*(om ! 693: Save the specified messages in a file whose name is derived from ! 694: the author of the first message. ! 695: The name of the file is taken to be the author's name with all ! 696: network addressing stripped off. ! 697: See also the ! 698: \f4C\f1opy, ! 699: \f4fo\f1llowup, ! 700: and ! 701: \f4F\f1ollowup ! 702: commands and ! 703: .Ev outfolder ! 704: (\*(EV). ! 705: .Cm s ave [\*(fn] ! 706: .C s ave \*(om \*(fn ! 707: Save the specified messages in the given file. ! 708: The file is created if it does not exist. ! 709: THe file defaults to \*(mb. ! 710: The message is deleted from the \*(mx when ! 711: \*(Ma terminates unless ! 712: .Ev keepsave ! 713: is set ! 714: (see also \*(EV and the ! 715: \f4ex\f1it ! 716: and ! 717: \f4q\f1uit ! 718: commands). ! 719: .Cm se t ! 720: .C se t \*(nm ! 721: .C se t \*(nm=\*(st ! 722: .C se t \*(nm=\*(nu ! 723: Define a variable called \*(nm. ! 724: The variable may be given a null, string, or numeric value. ! 725: \f4Se\f1t ! 726: by itself prints all defined variables and their values. ! 727: See \*(EV for detailed descriptions of the \*(Ma variables. ! 728: .Cm sh ell ! 729: Invoke an interactive shell [see also ! 730: .Ev SHELL ! 731: (\*(EV)]. ! 732: .Cm si ze \*(om ! 733: Print the size in characters of the specified messages. ! 734: .Cm so urce \*(fn ! 735: Read commands from the given file and return to command mode. ! 736: .Cm to p \*(om ! 737: Print the top few lines of the specified messages. ! 738: If the ! 739: .Ev toplines ! 740: variable is set, ! 741: it is taken as the number of lines to print ! 742: (see \*(EV). ! 743: The default is 5. ! 744: .Cm tou ch \*(om ! 745: Touch the specified messages. ! 746: If any message in \*(ml is not specifically saved in a file, ! 747: it is placed in the \*(mb, ! 748: or the file specified in the ! 749: .Ev MBOX ! 750: environment variable, upon normal termination. ! 751: See ! 752: \f4ex\f1it ! 753: and ! 754: \f4q\f1uit. ! 755: .Cm T ype \*(om ! 756: .C P rint \*(om ! 757: Print the specified messages on the screen, ! 758: including all header fields. ! 759: Overrides suppression of fields by the ! 760: \f4ig\f1nore ! 761: command. ! 762: .Cm t ype \*(om ! 763: .C p rint \*(om ! 764: Print the specified messages. ! 765: If ! 766: .Ev crt ! 767: is set, ! 768: the messages longer than the number of lines specified by the ! 769: .Ev crt ! 770: variable are paged through the command specified by the ! 771: .Ev PAGER ! 772: variable. ! 773: The default command is ! 774: \f4pg\fP(1) ! 775: (see \*(EV). ! 776: .Cm u ndelete \*(om ! 777: Restore the specified deleted messages. ! 778: Will only restore messages deleted in the current mail session. ! 779: If ! 780: .Ev autoprint ! 781: is set, the last message of those restored is printed ! 782: (see \*(EV). ! 783: .Cm undi scard \*(hf ... ! 784: .C unig nore \*(hf ... ! 785: Remove the specified header fields from the list being ignored. ! 786: .Cm uns et \*(nm ... ! 787: Causes the specified variables to be erased. ! 788: If the variable was imported from the execution environment (i.e., a ! 789: shell variable) then it cannot be erased. ! 790: .Cm ve rsion ! 791: Prints the current version. ! 792: .Cm v isual \*(om ! 793: Edit the given messages with a screen editor. ! 794: The messages are placed in a temporary file and the ! 795: .Ev VISUAL ! 796: variable ! 797: is used to get the name of the editor ! 798: (see \*(EV). ! 799: .Cm w rite \*(om \*(fn ! 800: Write the given messages on the specified file, ! 801: minus the header and trailing blank line. ! 802: Otherwise equivalent to the ! 803: \f4s\f1ave ! 804: command. ! 805: .Cm x it ! 806: .C ex it ! 807: Exit from \*(Ma, ! 808: without changing the \*(mx. ! 809: No messages are saved in the \*(mb (see also ! 810: \f4q\f1uit). ! 811: .Cm z [+ | \-] ! 812: Scroll the header display forward or backward one screen\-full. ! 813: The number of headers displayed is set by the ! 814: .Ev screen ! 815: variable ! 816: (see \*(EV). ! 817: .SS \*(TX ! 818: The following commands may be entered only from ! 819: \f2input mode\f1, ! 820: by beginning a line with the tilde escape character (~). ! 821: See ! 822: .Ev escape ! 823: (\*(EV) ! 824: for changing this special character. ! 825: .PP ! 826: .Ti ! \*(sh ! 827: Escape to the shell. ! 828: .Ti . ! 829: Simulate end of file (terminate message input). ! 830: .Ti : \*(mC ! 831: .PD 0 ! 832: .Ti _\ \*(mC ! 833: .PD ! 834: Perform the command-level request. ! 835: Valid only when sending a message while reading mail. ! 836: .Ti ? ! 837: Print a summary of tilde escapes. ! 838: .Ti A ! 839: Insert the autograph string ! 840: .Ev Sign ! 841: into the message ! 842: (see \*(EV). ! 843: .Ti a ! 844: Insert the autograph string ! 845: .Ev sign ! 846: into the message ! 847: (see \*(EV). ! 848: .Ti b \*(nms ... ! 849: Add the \*(nms to the blind carbon copy (Bcc) list. ! 850: .Ti c \*(nms ... ! 851: Add the \*(nms to the carbon copy (Cc) list. ! 852: .Ti d ! 853: Read in the \*(dl file. ! 854: See ! 855: .Ev DEAD ! 856: (\*(EV) for a description of this file. ! 857: .Ti e ! 858: Invoke the editor on the partial message. ! 859: See also ! 860: .Ev EDITOR ! 861: (\*(EV). ! 862: .Ti f \*(om ! 863: Forward the specified messages. ! 864: The messages are inserted into the message ! 865: without alteration. ! 866: .Ti h ! 867: Prompt for Subject line and To, Cc, and Bcc lists. ! 868: If the field is displayed with an initial value, ! 869: it may be edited as if you had just typed it. ! 870: .Ti i \*(st ! 871: Insert the value of the named variable into the text of the message. ! 872: For example, ! 873: \f4~A\f1 ! 874: is equivalent to ! 875: \f1'\f4~i\f1\\f4Sign.'\f1 ! 876: Environment variables set and exported in the shell are also ! 877: accessible by ~i. ! 878: .Ti m \*(om ! 879: Insert the specified messages into the letter, ! 880: shifting the new text to the right one tab stop. ! 881: Valid only when sending a message while reading mail. ! 882: .Ti p ! 883: Print the message being entered. ! 884: .Ti q ! 885: Quit from input mode by simulating an interrupt. ! 886: If the body of the message is not null, ! 887: the partial message is saved in \*(dl. ! 888: See ! 889: .Ev DEAD ! 890: (\*(EV) for a description of this file. ! 891: .Ti r \*(fn ! 892: .PD 0 ! 893: .Ti <\ \*(fn ! 894: .Ti <\ !\*(sh ! 895: .PD ! 896: Read in the specified file. ! 897: If the argument begins with an exclamation point (!), ! 898: the rest of the string is taken as an arbitrary shell command ! 899: and is executed, ! 900: with the standard output inserted into the message. ! 901: .Ti s \*(st ... ! 902: Set the subject line to \*(st. ! 903: .Ti t \*(nms ... ! 904: Add the given \*(nms to the To list. ! 905: .Ti v ! 906: Invoke a preferred screen editor on the partial message. ! 907: See also ! 908: .Ev VISUAL ! 909: (\*(EV). ! 910: .Ti w \*(fn ! 911: Write the message into the given file, ! 912: without the header. ! 913: .Ti x ! 914: Exit as with ! 915: \f4~q\f1 ! 916: except the message is not saved in \*(dl. ! 917: .Ti | \*(sh ! 918: Pipe the body of the message through the given \*(sh. ! 919: If the \*(sh returns a successful exit status, ! 920: the output of the command replaces the message. ! 921: .SS \*(EV ! 922: The following are environment variables taken from the execution environment and ! 923: are not alterable within \*(Ma. ! 924: .Va \s-1HOME\s+1 \*(dr ! 925: The user's base of operations. ! 926: .Va \s-1MAILRC\s+1 \*(fn ! 927: The name of the start-up file. ! 928: Default is ! 929: \f4$HOME/.mailrc\f1. ! 930: .PP ! 931: The following variables are internal \*(Ma variables. ! 932: They may be imported from the execution environment or ! 933: set via the ! 934: \f4se\f1t ! 935: command at any time. ! 936: The ! 937: \f4uns\f1et ! 938: command may be used to erase variables. ! 939: .PP ! 940: .V allnet ! 941: All network names whose last component (login name) match are treated as ! 942: identical. ! 943: This causes the \*(ml message specifications to behave similarly. ! 944: Default is ! 945: \f4noallnet\f1. ! 946: See also the ! 947: \f4alt\f1ernates ! 948: command and the ! 949: .Ev metoo ! 950: variable. ! 951: .V append ! 952: Upon termination, append messages to the end of the \*(mb file instead of prepending them. ! 953: Default is ! 954: \f4noappend.\f1 ! 955: .V askcc ! 956: Prompt for the Cc list after the Subject is entered. ! 957: Default is ! 958: \f4noaskcc\f1. ! 959: .V askbcc ! 960: Prompt for the Bcc list after the Subject is entered. ! 961: Default is ! 962: \f4noaskbcc\f1. ! 963: .V asksub ! 964: Prompt for subject if it is not specified on the command line ! 965: with the ! 966: \f4\-s\f1 ! 967: option. ! 968: Enabled by default. ! 969: .V autoprint ! 970: Enable automatic printing of messages after ! 971: \f4d\f1elete ! 972: and ! 973: \f4u\f1ndelete ! 974: commands. ! 975: Default is ! 976: \f4noautoprint\f1. ! 977: .V bang ! 978: Enable the special-casing of exclamation points (!) in shell escape ! 979: command lines ! 980: as in ! 981: \f4vi\fP(1). ! 982: Default is ! 983: \f4nobang\f1. ! 984: .Va cmd \*(sh ! 985: Set the default command for the ! 986: \f4pi\f1pe ! 987: command. ! 988: No default value. ! 989: .Va conv \f2conversion\f1 ! 990: Convert uucp addresses to the specified ! 991: address style. ! 992: The only valid conversion now is ! 993: \f4internet\f1, ! 994: which uses domain-style addressing. ! 995: Conversion is disabled by default. ! 996: See also the ! 997: \f4\-U\f1 ! 998: command-line option. ! 999: .Va crt \*(nu ! 1000: Pipe messages having more than \f2number\f1 lines ! 1001: through the command specified by the value of the ! 1002: .Ev PAGER ! 1003: variable ! 1004: .RI ! 1005: [\f4pg\f1(1) by default]. ! 1006: Disabled by default. ! 1007: .Va DEAD \*(fn ! 1008: The name of the file in which to save partial letters ! 1009: in case of untimely interrupt. ! 1010: Default is ! 1011: \f4$HOME/dead.letter\f1. ! 1012: .V debug ! 1013: Enable verbose diagnostics for debugging. ! 1014: Messages are not delivered. ! 1015: Default is ! 1016: \f4nodebug\f1. ! 1017: .V dot ! 1018: Take a period on a line by itself during input from a terminal as end-of-file. ! 1019: Default is ! 1020: \f4nodot\f1. ! 1021: .Va EDITOR \*(sh ! 1022: The command to run when the ! 1023: \f4e\f1dit ! 1024: or ! 1025: \f4~e\f1 ! 1026: command is used. ! 1027: Default is ! 1028: \f4ed\fP(1). ! 1029: .Va escape \f2c\f1 ! 1030: Substitute ! 1031: .I c ! 1032: for the ~ escape character. ! 1033: Takes effect with next message sent. ! 1034: .Va folder \*(dr ! 1035: The directory for saving standard mail files. ! 1036: User-specified file names beginning with a plus (+) ! 1037: are expanded by preceding the file name with ! 1038: this directory name to obtain the real file name. ! 1039: If \*(dr does not start with a slash (/), ! 1040: \f4$HOME\f1 ! 1041: is prepended to it. ! 1042: In order to use the plus (+) construct on a ! 1043: \*(Ma command line, ! 1044: .Ev folder ! 1045: must be an exported ! 1046: \f4sh\fP ! 1047: environment variable. ! 1048: There is no default for the ! 1049: .Ev folder ! 1050: variable. ! 1051: See also ! 1052: .Ev outfolder ! 1053: below. ! 1054: .V header ! 1055: Enable printing of the header summary when entering \*(Ma. ! 1056: Enabled by default. ! 1057: .V hold ! 1058: Preserve all messages that are read in the \*(mx instead of putting them ! 1059: in the standard \*(mb save file. ! 1060: Default is ! 1061: \f4nohold\f1. ! 1062: .V ignore ! 1063: Ignore interrupts while entering messages. ! 1064: Handy for noisy dial-up lines. ! 1065: Default is ! 1066: \f4noignore\f1. ! 1067: .V ignoreeof ! 1068: Ignore end-of-file during message input. ! 1069: Input must be terminated by a period (.) on a line by itself ! 1070: or by the ! 1071: \f4~.\f1 ! 1072: command. ! 1073: Default is ! 1074: \f4noignoreeof\f1. ! 1075: See also ! 1076: .Ev dot ! 1077: above. ! 1078: .V keep ! 1079: When the \*(mx is empty, ! 1080: truncate it to zero length instead of removing it. ! 1081: Disabled by default. ! 1082: .V keepsave ! 1083: Keep messages that have been saved in other files in the \*(mx ! 1084: instead of deleting them. ! 1085: Default is ! 1086: \f4nokeepsave\f1. ! 1087: .Va \s-1MBOX\s+1 \*(fn ! 1088: The name of the file to save messages which have been read. ! 1089: The ! 1090: \f4x\f1it ! 1091: command overrides this function, ! 1092: as does saving the message explicitly in another file. ! 1093: Default is ! 1094: \f4$HOME/mbox\f1. ! 1095: .V metoo ! 1096: If your login appears as a recipient, ! 1097: do not delete it from the list. ! 1098: Default is ! 1099: \f4nometoo\f1. ! 1100: .Va \s-1LISTER\s+1 \*(sh ! 1101: The command (and options) to use when listing the contents of the ! 1102: .Ev folder ! 1103: directory. ! 1104: The default is ! 1105: \f4ls\fP(1). ! 1106: .V onehop ! 1107: When responding to a message that was originally sent to several ! 1108: recipients, ! 1109: the other recipient addresses are normally forced to be relative to the ! 1110: originating author's machine for the response. ! 1111: This flag disables alteration of the recipients' addresses, ! 1112: improving efficiency in a network where all machines can send directly ! 1113: to all other machines (i.e., one hop away). ! 1114: .V outfolder ! 1115: Causes the files used to record outgoing messages to be located ! 1116: in the directory specified by the ! 1117: .Ev folder ! 1118: variable unless the ! 1119: path name is absolute. ! 1120: Default is ! 1121: \f4nooutfolder\f1. ! 1122: See ! 1123: .Ev folder ! 1124: above and the ! 1125: \f4S\f1ave, ! 1126: \f4C\f1opy, ! 1127: \f4fo\f1llowup, ! 1128: and ! 1129: \f4F\f1ollowup ! 1130: commands. ! 1131: .V page ! 1132: Used with the ! 1133: \f4pi\f1pe ! 1134: command to insert a form feed after each message sent through the pipe. ! 1135: Default is ! 1136: \f4nopage\f1. ! 1137: .Va \s-1PAGER\s+1 \*(sh ! 1138: The command to use as a filter for paginating output. ! 1139: This can also be used to specify the options to be used. ! 1140: Default is ! 1141: \f4pg\fP(1). ! 1142: .Va prompt \*(st ! 1143: Set the \f2command mode\f1 prompt to \*(st. ! 1144: Default is ! 1145: \f1``\f4?\ \f1''. ! 1146: .V quiet ! 1147: Refrain from printing the opening message and version when entering \*(Ma. ! 1148: Default is ! 1149: \f4noquiet\f1. ! 1150: .Va record \*(fn ! 1151: Record all outgoing mail in \*(fn. ! 1152: Disabled by default. ! 1153: See also ! 1154: .Ev outfolder ! 1155: above. ! 1156: If you have the ! 1157: .Ev record ! 1158: and ! 1159: .Ev outfolder ! 1160: variables set but the ! 1161: .Ev folder ! 1162: variable not set, messages are saved in ! 1163: \f4+\f1\*(fn instead of \*(fn. ! 1164: .V save ! 1165: Enable saving of messages in \*(dl on interrupt or delivery error. ! 1166: See ! 1167: .Ev DEAD ! 1168: for a description of this file. ! 1169: Enabled by default. ! 1170: .Va screen \*(nu ! 1171: Sets the number of lines in a screen\-full of headers for the ! 1172: \f4h\f1eaders ! 1173: command. ! 1174: It must be a positive number. ! 1175: .Va sendmail \*(sh ! 1176: Alternate command for delivering messages. ! 1177: Default is ! 1178: \f4/usr/bin/rmail\f1. ! 1179: .V sendwait ! 1180: Wait for background mailer to finish before returning. ! 1181: Default is ! 1182: \f4nosendwait\f1. ! 1183: .Va SHELL \*(sh ! 1184: The name of a preferred command interpreter. ! 1185: Default is ! 1186: \f4sh\fP(1). ! 1187: .V showto ! 1188: When displaying the header summary and the message is from you, ! 1189: print the recipient's name instead of the author's name. ! 1190: .Va sign \*(st ! 1191: The variable inserted into the text of a message when the ! 1192: \f4~a\f1 ! 1193: (autograph) command is given. ! 1194: No default ! 1195: [see also ! 1196: \f4~i\f1 ! 1197: (\*(TX)]. ! 1198: .Va Sign \*(st ! 1199: The variable inserted into the text of a message when the ! 1200: \f4~A\f1 ! 1201: command is given. ! 1202: No default ! 1203: [see also ! 1204: \f4~i\f1 ! 1205: (\*(TX)]. ! 1206: .Va toplines \*(nu ! 1207: The number of lines of header to print with the ! 1208: \f4to\f1p ! 1209: command. ! 1210: Default is 5. ! 1211: .Va \s-1VISUAL\s+1 \*(sh ! 1212: The name of a preferred screen editor. ! 1213: Default is ! 1214: \f4vi\fP(1). ! 1215: .SH FILES ! 1216: .TS ! 1217: l l. ! 1218: \f4$HOME/.mailrc\f1 personal start-up file ! 1219: \f4$HOME/mbox\f1 secondary storage file ! 1220: \f4/var/mail/*\f1 post office directory ! 1221: \f4/usr/share/lib/mailx/mailx.help*\f1 help message files ! 1222: \f4/etc/mail/mailx.rc\f1 optional global start-up file ! 1223: \f4/tmp/R[emqsx]*\f1 temporary files ! 1224: .TE ! 1225: .SH SEE ALSO ! 1226: \f4ls\fP(1), ! 1227: \f4mail\fP(1), ! 1228: \f4pg\fP(1). ! 1229: .SH NOTES ! 1230: The \f4\-h\f1 and \f4\-r\f1 options can be used only ! 1231: if \*(Ma is using a delivery program other than ! 1232: \f4/usr/bin/rmail\f1. ! 1233: .PP ! 1234: Where \*(sh ! 1235: is shown as valid, ! 1236: arguments are not always allowed. ! 1237: Experimentation is recommended. ! 1238: .PP ! 1239: Internal variables imported from the execution environment cannot be ! 1240: \f4uns\f1et. ! 1241: .PP ! 1242: The full internet addressing is not fully supported by \*(Ma. ! 1243: The new standards need some time to settle down. ! 1244: .PP ! 1245: Attempts to send a message having a line consisting only of a ``.'' ! 1246: are treated as the end of the message by \f4mail\fP(1) (the standard ! 1247: mail delivery program). ! 1248: .\" @(#)mailx.1 6.2 of 9/2/83 ! 1249: .Ee
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