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1.1 root 1: .TH XCALC 1 "16 March 1987" "X Version 10"
2: .SH NAME
3: xcalc \- X based scientific calculator
4: .SH SYNOPSIS
5: .B xcalc
6: [host:display] [-bw <pixels>] [-stip] [-rv] [-rpn] [-analog] [=geometry]
7: .SH DESCRIPTION
8: .I Xcalc
9: is a program that brings up a scientific calculator desk accessory. The
10: calculator mode should remind you more than a little bit of the TI-30 or
11: HP-10C.
12: .SH OPTIONS
13: .PP
14: .TP 14
15: .B \-bw
16: The border width in pixels
17: .PP
18: .TP 14
19: .B \-stip
20: Sets the 'stipple' option. See 'defaults'.
21: .PP
22: .TP 14
23: .B \-rv
24: Reverse video (on monochrom displays).
25: .PP
26: .TP 14
27: .B \-rpn
28: Specifies Reverse Polish Notation mode, in which the calculator behaves like
29: an HP-10 calculator. Without this flag, it will behave like a TI-30
30: calculator.
31: .PP
32: .TP 14
33: .B \-analog
34: For backwards compatability. Try it.
35: .PP
36: .TP 14
37: .B \=geometry
38: The width and height shouldn't be set by the user, as the default size is also
39: the minimum size, and anything larger than that won't be 'right'. You can,
40: however feel free to set the position.
41: .PP
42: .TP 14
43: .B \fIhost\fP:\fIdisplay\fP
44: Normally,
45: .I xcalc
46: gets the host and display number to use from the environment variable
47: ``DISPLAY''. One can, however specify them explicitly.
48: The
49: .I host
50: specifies which machine to create the
51: .I xcalc
52: window on, and
53: the
54: .I display
55: argument specifies the display number.
56: .SH OPERATION
57: .PP
58: .I Mouse Operation:
59: The left button is the only one (really) used to operate the calculator.
60: Pressing the AC key with the right button terminates the calculator.
61: .PP
62: .I Key Usage (Normal mode):
63: The number keys, the +/- key, and the +, -, *, /, and = keys all do exactly
64: what you would expect them to. It should be noted that the operators obey
65: the standard rules of precedence. Thus, entering "3+4*5=" results in "23",
66: not "35". The parentheses can be used to override this. For example,
67: "(1+2+3)*(4+5+6)=" results in "6*15=90". The non-obvious keys are detailed
68: below.
69: .PP
70: .B 1/x
71: replaces the number in the display with its reciprocal.
72: .PP
73: .B x^2
74: squares the number in the display.
75: .PP
76: .B SQRT
77: takes the square root of the number in the display.
78: .PP
79: .B CE/C
80: when pressed once, clears the number in the display without clearing the state
81: of the machine. Allows you to re-enter a number if you screw it up.
82: Pressing it twice clears the state, also.
83: .PP
84: .B AC
85: clears everything, the display, the state, the memory, everything. Pressing
86: it with the right button 'turns off' the calculator, in that it exits the
87: program. Somewhat more equivalent to throwing the calculator in the trash,
88: if we were to pursue the analogy.
89: .PP
90: .B INV
91: inverts the meaning of the function keys. See the individual function keys
92: for details.
93: .PP
94: .B sin
95: computes the sine of the number in the display, as interpreted by the current
96: DRG mode (see DRG, below). If inverted, computes the arcsine.
97: .PP
98: .B cos
99: computes the cosine, or arccosine when inverted.
100: .PP
101: .B tan
102: computes the tangent, or arctangent when inverted.
103: .PP
104: .B DRG
105: changes the DRG mode, as indicated by 'DEG', 'RAD', or 'GRAD' at the bottom of
106: the display. When in 'DEG' mode, numbers in the display are taken as being
107: degrees. In 'RAD' mode, numbers are in radians, and in 'GRAD' mode, numbers
108: are in gradians. When inverted, the DRG key has the nifty feature of
109: converting degrees to radians to gradians and vice-versa. Example: put the
110: calculator into 'DEG' mode, and type "45 INV DRG". The display should now
111: show something along the lines of ".785398", which is 45 degrees converted to
112: radians.
113: .PP
114: .B e
115: the constant 'e'. (2.7182818...)
116: .PP
117: .B EE
118: used for entering exponential numbers. For example, to enter "-2.3E-4" you'd
119: type "2 . 3 +/- EE 4 +/-"
120: .PP
121: .B log
122: calculates the log (base 10) of the number in the display. When inverted,
123: raises "10.0" to the number in the display. For example, typing "3 INV log"
124: should result in "1000".
125: .PP
126: .B ln
127: calcuates the log (base e) of the number in the display. When inverted,
128: raises "e" to the number in the display. For example, typing "e ln" should
129: result in "1"
130: .PP
131: .B y^x
132: raises the number on the left to the power of the number on the right. For
133: example "2 y^x 3 =" results in "8", which is 2^3. For a further example,
134: "(1+2+3) y^x (1+2) =" equals "6 y^x 3" which equals "216".
135: .PP
136: .B PI
137: the constant 'pi'. (3.1415927....)
138: .PP
139: .B x!
140: computes the factorial of the number in the display. The number in the display
141: must be an integer in the range 0-500, though, depending on your math library,
142: it might overflow long before that.
143: .PP
144: .B STO
145: copies the number in the display to the memory location.
146: .PP
147: .B RCL
148: copies the number from the memory location to the display.
149: .PP
150: .B SUM
151: adds the number in the display to the number in the memory location.
152: .PP
153: .B EXC
154: swaps the number in the display with the number in the memory location.
155: .PP
156: .I Key Usage (RPN mode):
157: The number keys, CHS (change sign), +, -, *, /, and ENTR keys all do exactly
158: what you would expect them to. Many of the remaining keys are the same as in
159: normal mode. The differences are detailed below.
160: .PP
161: .B <-
162: is a backspace key that can be used while typing a number. It will erase
163: digits from the display.
164: .PP
165: .B ON
166: clears everything, the display, the state, the memory, everything. Pressing
167: it with the right button 'turns off' the calculator, in that it exits the
168: program. Somewhat more equivalent to throwing the calculator in the trash,
169: if we were to pursue the analogy.
170: .PP
171: .B INV
172: inverts the meaning of the function keys. This would be the "f" key
173: on an HP calculator, but xcalc does not have the resolution to display
174: multiple legends on each key. See the individual function keys
175: for details.
176: .PP
177: .B 10^x
178: raises "10.0" to the number in the top of the stack. When inverted, calculates
179: the log (base 10) of the number in the display.
180: .PP
181: .B e^x
182: raises "e" to the number in the top of the stack. When inverted, calcuates the
183: log (base e) of the number in the display.
184: .PP
185: .B STO
186: copies the number in the top of the stack to a memory location. There are 10
187: memory locations. The desired memory is specified by following this
188: key with pressing a digit key.
189: .PP
190: .B RCL
191: pushes the number from the specified memory location onto the stack.
192: .PP
193: .B SUM
194: adds the number on top of the stack to the number in the specified
195: memory location.
196: .PP
197: .B x:y
198: exchanges the numbers in the top two stack positions.
199: .PP
200: .B R v
201: rolls the stack downward. When inverted, rolls the stack upward.
202: .PP
203: .I blank
204: these keys were used for programming functions on the HP11-C. Their
205: functionality has not been duplicated here.
206: .PP
207: .SH KEYBOARD EQUIVALENTS
208: If you have the mouse in the xcalc window, you can use the keyboard to speed
209: entry, as almost all of the calculator keys have a keyboard equivalent. The
210: number keys, the operator keys, and the parentheses all have the obvious
211: equivalent. The less-obvious equivalents are as follows:
212: .PP
213: .EX
214: n: +/- !: x!
215: p: PI e: EE
216: l: ln ^: y^x
217: i: INV s: sin
218: c: cos t: tan
219: d: DRG BS, DEL: CE/C ("<-" in RPN mode)
220: CR: ENTR
221:
222: .SH COLOR USAGE
223: .I Xcalc
224: uses a lot of colors, given the opportunity. In the default case, it will
225: just use two colors (Foreground and Background) for everything. This works out
226: nicely. However, if you're a color fanatic you can specify the colors used
227: for the number keys, the operator (+-*/=) keys, the function keys, the display,
228: and the icon.
229: .SH X DEFAULTS
230: .PP
231: .TP 8
232: .B BorderWidth
233: width of border. Default is '2'.
234: .PP
235: .TP 8
236: .B ReverseVideo
237: reverses colors on monochrome displays
238: .PP
239: .TP 8
240: .B Stipple
241: makes the calculator background a 50% stipple. Default is 'on' on
242: monochrome displays, 'off' on color displays.
243: .PP
244: .TP 8
245: .B Mode
246: sets the default mode. Values are "rpn", "analog".
247: .PP
248: .TP 8
249: .B Foreground
250: the default color used for borders and text.
251: .PP
252: .TP 8
253: .B Background
254: the default color used for the background.
255: .B NKeyFore, NKeyBack
256: the colors used for the number keys.
257: .PP
258: .TP 8
259: .B OKeyFore, OKeyBack
260: the colors used for the operator keys.
261: .PP
262: .TP 8
263: .B FKeyFore, FKeyBack
264: the colors used for the function keys.
265: .B DispFore, DispBack
266: the colors used for the display.
267: .B IconFore, IconBack
268: the colors used for the icon.
269: .SH SAMPLE .XDEFAULTS ENTRY
270: If you're running on a monochrome display, you shouldn't need any .Xdefaults
271: entries for xcalc. On a color display, you might want to try the
272: following in normal mode:
273:
274: .EX
275: xcalc.Foreground: Black
276: xcalc.Background: LightSteelBlue
277: xcalc.NKeyFore: Black
278: xcalc.NKeyBack: White
279: xcalc.OKeyFore: Aquamarine
280: xcalc.OKeyBack: DarkSlateGray
281: xcalc.FKeyFore: White
282: xcalc.FKeyBack: #900
283: xcalc.DispFore: Yellow
284: xcalc.DispBack: #777
285: xcalc.IconFore: Red
286: xcalc.IconBack: White
287:
288: <well, *I* like them.>
289: .SH BUGS
290: Well, it would be really nice if you could (usefully) rescale the calculator,
291: and the redraw of the keys is sort of slow. Nothing fatal though, I think.
292:
293: The analog mode stuff isn't really working yet under X11.
294: .SH AUTHOR
295: John Bradley, University of Pennsylvania
296:
297: ([email protected])
298:
299: RPN and analog modes added by Mark Rosenstein, MIT Project Athena
300:
301: <[email protected]>
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