.po 0 .ll 7i .lt 7i .TI INDEX_MAN Index of the Unix Programmer's Manual To display information about any of the subjects, type the command man topic where "topic" is given as shown on the left below. When a topic is described in more than one section you will have to give the section number in order to get a higher numbered description. For example, if you want to read about "kill (2)" as opposed to "kill (1)", type man 2 kill .nf .ta 8n 16n 24n 32n 40n 48n 56n 64n 72n 80n Topic Description .\" The last line not discarded is the next one. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- /usr/new/csh (NEW) - New C shell with tenex-like file name completion \"2=not last lines; 4= no (l) -xx; 8=no xx- \*(ed \(mi \*(ux text EDitor \(mi V\*v(1) _exit (2) - terminate a process a.out (5) - assembler and link editor output aardvark (6) - yet another exploration game abort (3) - generate a fault abort (3F) - terminate abruptly with memory image abs (3) - integer absolute value ac (8) - login accounting acc (4) - ACC LH/DH IMP interface accept (2) - accept a connection on a socket access (2) - determine accessibility of file access (3F) - determine accessability of a file acct (2) - turn accounting on or off acct (5) - execution accounting file ad (4) - Data Translation A/D converter adb (1) - debugger addbib (1) - create or extend bibliographic database adduser (8) - procedure for adding new users adjtime (2) - correct the time to allow synchronization of the system clock adventure (6) - an exploration game alarm (3C) - schedule signal after specified time alarm (3F) - execute a subroutine after a specified time aliases (5) - aliases file for sendmail analyze (8) - Virtual UNIX postmortem crash analyzer ansi (LOCAL) - ANSI standard tape handler apl (1) - apl interpreter aplcvt (1) - convert APL workspaces between PDP-11 and VAX formats apply (1) - apply a command to a set of arguments apropos (1) - locate commands by keyword lookup ar (1) - archive and library maintainer ar (5) - archive (library) file format arcv (8) - convert archives to new format arff, flcopy (8V) - archiver and copier for floppy arithmetic (6) - provide drill in number facts arp (4P) - Address Resolution Protocol arp (8C) - address resolution display and control as (1) - assembler ascii (7) - map of ASCII character set assert (3X) - program verification at (1) - execute commands at a later time atof, atoi, atol (3) - convert ASCII to numbers atq (1) - print the queue of jobs waiting to be run atrm (1) - remove jobs spooled by at autoconf (4) - diagnostics from the autoconfiguration code awk (1) - pattern scanning and processing language backgammon (6) - the game bad144 (8) - read/write dec standard 144 bad sector information badsect (8) - create files to contain bad sectors banner (6) - print large banner on printer basename (1) - strip filename affixes bc (1) - arbitrary-precision arithmetic language bcd (6) - convert to antique media bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffs (3) - bit and byte string operations bessel functions (3F) - of two kinds for integer orders bib (1) - bibliographic formatter .br listrefs \- list bibliographic reference items biff (1) - be notified if mail arrives and who it is from bind (2) - bind a name to a socket binmail (1) - send or receive mail among users bit (3F) - and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions bk (4) - line discipline for machine-machine communication (obsolete) boggle (6) - play the game of boggle brk, sbrk (2) - change data segment size bugfiler (8) - file bug reports in folders automatically cal (1) - print calendar calendar (1) - reminder service canfield, cfscores (6) - the solitaire card game canfield cat (1) - catenate and print catdvi (1) - convert C/A/T files to DVI format catman (8) - create the cat files for the manual cb (1) - C program beautifier cc (1) - C compiler cd (1) - change working directory chdir (2) - change current working directory chdir (3F) - change default directory checknews (1) - check to see if user has news checknr (1) - check nroff/troff files chess (6) - the game of chess chfn (1) - change finger entry chgrp (1) - change group ching (6) - the book of changes and other cookies chmod (1) - change mode chmod (2) - change mode of file chmod (3F) - change mode of a file chown (2) - change owner and group of a file chown (8) - change owner chproject (1P) - activate project environment chroot (2) - change root directory chsh (1) - change default login shell ci (1) - check in RCS revisions ci (1R) - check in RCS revisions clear (1) - clear terminal screen close (2) - delete a descriptor clri (8) - clear i-node cmp (1) - compare two files co (1) - check out RCS revisions co (1R) - check out RCS revisions col (1) - filter reverse line feeds colcrt (1) - filter nroff output for CRT previewing colrm (1) - remove columns from a file comm (1) - select or reject lines common to two sorted files comp (1) - compose a message compact, uncompact, ccat (1) - compress and uncompress files, and cat them comsat (8C) - biff server config (8) - build system configuration files connect (2) - initiate a connection on a socket cons (4) - console interface core (5) - format of memory image file courier (1) - Courier remote procedure call compiler cp (1) - copy cpm (1) - read and write CP/M\*R floppy disks cpr (L) - print files to printer connected to Concept-108 crash (8V) - what happens when the system crashes creat (2) - create a new file cribbage (6) - the card game cribbage cron (8) - clock daemon crypt (1) - encode/decode crypt, setkey, encrypt (3) - DES encryption csh (1) - a shell (command interpreter) with C-like syntax css (4) - DEC IMP-11A LH/DH IMP interface ct (4) - phototypesetter interface ctags (1) - create a tags file ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone (3) - convert date and time to ASCII curses (3X) - screen functions with ``optimal'' cursor motion date (1) - print and set the date dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr (3X) - data base subroutines dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey (3X) - data base subroutines dbx (1) - debugger dc (1) - desk calculator dcheck (8) - file system directory consistency check dd (1) - convert and copy a file deqn (1) - typeset mathematics deroff (1) - remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs detex (1) - remove TeX constructs df (1) - disk free dh (4) - DH-11/DM-11 communications multiplexer diction,explain (1) - print wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction diff (1) - differential file and directory comparator diff3 (1) - 3-way differential file comparison dir (5) - format of directories dis (1) - display input as refreshed page on VDU output diskpart (8) - calculate default disk partition sizes disktab (5) - disk description file dist (1) - redistribute a message to additional addresses dl, ud (l) - delete files and directories with error-recovery dmc (4) - DEC DMC-11/DMR-11 point-to-point communications device dmesg (8) - collect system diagnostic messages to form error log dmf (4) - DMF-32, terminal multiplexor dn (4) - DN-11 autocall unit interface doctor (6) - interact with a psychoanalyst drtest (8) - standalone disk test program drum (4) - paging device dsh (1X) - distributed shell dtbl (1) - format tables for dterm (1) - ditroff output interpreter for terminals du (1) - summarize disk usage dump (8) - incremental file system dump dump, dumpdates (5) - incremental dump format dumpfs (8) - dump file system information dup, dup2 (2) - duplicate a descriptor dviimp (1) - convert DVI files to impress format dvisun (1) - displays dvi files on SUNs dz (4) - DZ-11 communications multiplexer ec (4) - 3Com 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface echo (1) - echo arguments ecvt, fcvt, gcvt (3) - output conversion ed (1) - text editor edquota (8) - edit user quotas efl (1) - Extended Fortran Language en (4) - Xerox 3 Mb/s Ethernet interface end, etext, edata (3) - last locations in program environ (7) - user environment eqn, neqn, checkeq (1) - typeset mathematics eqnchar (7) - special character definitions for eqn error (1) - analyze and disperse compiler error messages etime, dtime (3F) - return elapsed execution time ex, edit (1) - text editor execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, exece, exect, environ (3) - execute a file execve (2) - execute a file exit (3) - terminate a process after flushing any pending output exit (3F) - terminate process with status exp, log, log10, pow, sqrt (3M) - exponential, logarithm, power, square root expand, unexpand (1) - expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa expire (8) - remove outdated news articles explain, diction(1) - print wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction expr (1) - evaluate arguments as an expression eyacc (1) - modified yacc allowing much improved error recovery f77 (1) - Fortran 77 compiler fabs, floor, ceil (3M) - absolute value, floor, ceiling functions false, true (1) - provide truth values fastboot, fasthalt (8) - reboot/halt the system without checking the disks fclose, fflush (3S) - close or flush a stream fcntl (2) - file control fdate (3F) - return date and time in an ASCII string fed (1) - font editor ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno (3S) - stream status inquiries file (1) - file message(s) in (an)other folder(s) find (1) - find files finger (1) - user information lookup program fish (6) - play ``Go Fish'' fl (4) - console floppy interface flmin, flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax (3F) - return extreme values flock (2) - apply or remove an advisory lock on an open file flush (3F) - flush output to a logical unit fmt (1) - simple text formatter fold (1) - fold long lines for finite width output device folder (1) - set/list current folder/message font (local) - ditroff font library fopen, freopen, fdopen (3S) - open a stream fork (2) - create a new process fork (3F) - create a copy of this process format (8V) - how to format disk packs fortune (6) - print a random, hopefully interesting, adage forw (1) - forward messages fp (1) - Functional Programming language compiler/interpreter fpr (1) - print Fortran file fread, fwrite (3S) - buffered binary input/output frexp, ldexp, modf (3) - split into mantissa and exponent from (1) - who is my mail from? fs, inode (5) - format of file system volume fsck (8) - file system consistency check and interactive repair fseek, ftell (3F) - reposition a file on a logical unit fseek, ftell, rewind (3S) - reposition a stream fsplit (1) - split a multi-routine Fortran file into individual files fstab (5) - static information about the filesystems fsync (2) - synchronize a file's in-core state with that on disk ftp (1C) - file transfer program ftpd (8C) - DARPA Internet File Transfer Protocol server gamma (3M) - log gamma function gcore (1) - get core images of running processes getarg, iargc (3F) - return command line arguments getc, fgetc (3F) - get a character from a logical unit getc, getchar, fgetc, getw (3S) - get character or word from stream getcwd (3F) - get pathname of current working directory getdiskbyname (3X) - get disk description by its name getdtablesize (2) - get descriptor table size getenv (3) - value for environment name getenv (3F) - get value of environment variables getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent (3X) - get file system descriptor file entry getgid, getegid (2) - get group identity getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent (3) - get group file entry getgroups (2) - get group access list gethostent, gethostbyaddr, gethostbyname, sethostent, endhostent, sethostfile (3N) - get network host entry gethostid, sethostid (2) - get/set unique identifier of current host gethostname, sethostname (2) - get/set name of current host getitimer, setitimer (2) - get/set value of interval timer getlog (3F) - get user's login name getlogin (3) - get login name getnetent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent (3N) - get network entry getpagesize (2) - get system page size getpass (3) - read a password getpeername (2) - get name of connected peer getpgrp (2) - get process group getpid (3F) - get process id getpid, getppid (2) - get process identification getpriority, setpriority (2) - get/set program scheduling priority getprotoent, getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent (3N) - get protocol entry getpw (3C) - get name from uid getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile (3) - get password file entry getrlimit, setrlimit (2) - control maximum system resource consumption getrusage (2) - get information about resource utilization gets, fgets (3S) - get a string from a stream getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent (3N) - get service entry getsockname (2) - get socket name getsockopt, setsockopt (2) - get and set options on sockets gettable (8C) - get NIC format host tables from a host gettimeofday, settimeofday (2) - get/set date and time getttyent, getttynam, setttyent, endttyent (3) - get ttys file entry getty (8) - set terminal mode gettytab (5) - terminal configuration data base getuid, geteuid (2) - get user identity getuid, getgid (3F) - get user or group ID of the caller getwd (3) - get current working directory pathname gprof (1) - display call graph profile data graph (1G) - draw a graph grep, egrep, fgrep (1) - search a file for a pattern grn (1) - ditroff preprocessor for gremlin files group (5) - group file groups (1) - show group memberships halt (8) - stop the processor hangman (6) - Computer version of the game hangman head (1) - give first few lines help (1) - an easy way to find and use information help (1) - an easy way to find and use information hier (7) - file system hierarchy hk (4) - RK6-11/RK06 and RK07 moving head disk hostid (1) - set or print identifier of current host system hostname (1) - set or print name of current host system hostnm (3F) - get name of current host hosts (5) - host name data base hp (4) - MASSBUS disk interface ht (4) - TM-03/TE-16,TU-45,TU-77 MASSBUS magtape interface htable (8) - convert NIC standard format host tables htonl, htons, ntohl, ntohs (3N) - convert values between host and network byte order hunt (6) - a multi-player multi-terminal game hy (4) - Network Systems Hyperchannel interface hypot, cabs (3M) - Euclidean distance hyroute (8) - set the hyperchannel routine tables icheck (8) - file system storage consistency check iconc (1) - compile and link Icon programs icont (1) - translate Icon programs for interpretive execution idate, itime (3F) - return date or time in numerical form ideal (1) - ditroff preprocessor for drawing pictures ident (1) - identify files ident (1R) - identify files ifconfig (8C) - configure network interface parameters ik (4) - Ikonas frame buffer, graphics device interface il (4) - Interlan 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface imp (4) - 1822 network interface imp (4P) - IMP raw socket interface implog (8C) - IMP log interpreter implogd (8C) - IMP logger process inc (1) - incorporate new mail indent (1) - indent and format C program source index, rindex, lnblnk, len (3F) - tell about character objects indxbib, lookbib (1) - build inverted index for a bibliography, find references in a bibliography inet (4F) - Internet protocol family inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof (3N) - Internet address manipulation routines inews (1) - submit news articles init (8) - process control initialization initgroups (3X) - initialize group access list insque, remque (3) - insert/remove element from a queue install (1) - install binaries intro (1) - introduction to commands intro (2) - introduction to system calls and error numbers intro (3) - introduction to library functions intro (3C) - introduction to compatibility library functions intro (3F) - introduction to FORTRAN library functions intro (3M) - introduction to mathematical library functions intro (3N) - introduction to network library functions intro (3X) - introduction to miscellaneous library functions intro (4) - introduction to special files and hardware support intro (8) - introduction to system maintenance and operation commands invert, lookup \(em create and access an inverted index(1) ioctl (2) - control device ioinit (3F) - change f77 I/O initialization iostat (1) - report I/O statistics ip (4P) - Internet Protocol isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, iscntrl, isascii (3) - character classification macros itroff (1) - troff to the ImPrint printer j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn (3M) - bessel functions join (1) - relational database operator jot (1) - print sequential or random data kermit (1C) - microcomputer to UNIX file transfer program kg (4) - KL-11/DL-11W line clock kgmon (8) - generate a dump of the operating system's profile buffers kill (1) - terminate a process with extreme prejudice kill (2) - send signal to a process kill (3F) - send a signal to a process killpg (2) - send signal to a process group lam (1) - laminate files last (1) - indicate last logins of users and teletypes lastcomm (1) - show last commands executed in reverse order ld (1) - link editor learn (1) - computer aided instruction about UNIX leave (1) - remind you when you have to leave lex (1) - generator of lexical analysis programs lib2648 (3X) - subroutines for the HP 2648 graphics terminal link (2) - make a hard link to a file link (3F) - make a link to an existing file lint (1) - a C program verifier lisp (1) - lisp interpreter listen (2) - listen for connections on a socket liszt (1) - compile a Franz Lisp program ln (1) - make links lo (4) - software loopback network interface loc (3F) - return the address of an object lock (1) - reserve a terminal login (1) - sign on long, short (3F) - integer object conversion look (1) - find lines in a sorted list lorder (1) - find ordering relation for an object library lp (4) - line printer lpc (8) - line printer control program lpd (8) - line printer daemon lpq (1) - spool queue examination program lpr (1) - off line print lprm (1) - remove jobs from the line printer spooling queue lptest (1) - generate lineprinter ripple pattern ls (1) - list contents of directory lseek (2) - move read/write pointer lxref (1) - lisp cross reference program m4 (1) - macro processor mail (1) - send and receive mail mailaddr (7) - mail addressing description make (1) - maintain program groups makedev (8) - make system special files makekey (8) - generate encryption key malloc, free, realloc, calloc, alloca (3) - memory allocator man (1) - find manual information by keywords; print out the manual man (7) - macros to typeset manual me (7) - macros for formatting papers mem, kmem (4) - main memory merge (1) - three-way file merge merge (1R) - three-way file merge mesg (1) - permit or deny messages mille (6) - play Mille Bournes miscellaneous (7) - miscellaneous useful information pages mkdir (1) - make a directory mkdir (2) - make a directory file mkfs (8) - construct a file system mklost+found (8) - make a lost+found directory for fsck mkmf (1P) - makefile editor mknod (2) - make a special file mknod (8) - build special file mkproject (1P) - make a project root directory mkproto (8) - construct a prototype file system mkstr (1) - create an error message file by massaging C source mktemp (3) - make a unique file name monitor, monstartup, moncontrol (3) - prepare execution profile monop (6) - Monopoly game more, page (1) - file perusal filter for crt viewing mount, umount (2) - mount or remove file system mount, umount (8) - mount and dismount file system ms (7) - text formatting macros msgs (1) - system messages and junk mail program mt (1) - magnetic tape manipulating program mt (4) - TM78/TU-78 MASSBUS magtape interface mtab (5) - mounted file system table mtio (4) - UNIX magtape interface mv (1) - move or rename files ncheck (8) - generate names from i-numbers netstat (1) - show network status networking (4N) - introduction to networking facilities networks (5) - network name data base newaliases (1) - rebuild the data base for the mail aliases file newfs (8) - construct a new file system newsrc (5) - information file for readnews(1) and checknews(1) next (1) - show the next message nice (3C) - set program priority nice, nohup (1) - run a command at low priority (sh only) nlist (3) - get entries from name list nm (1) - print name list notes, autoseq, nfpipe, nfprint, nfstats (1) - a news system notes, autoseq, nfpipe, nfprint, nfstats (1) - a news system nroff (1) - text formatting null (4) - data sink number (6) - convert Arabic numerals to English od (1) - octal, decimal, hex, ascii dump open (2) - open a file for reading or writing, or create a new file opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir (3) - directory operations pac (8) - printer/ploter accounting information pagesize (1) - print system page size passwd (1) - change login password passwd (1) - change password file information passwd (5) - password file pause (3C) - stop until signal pc (1) - Pascal compiler pcl (4) - DEC CSS PCL-11 B Network Interface pcp (1P) - copy files pd (1P) - change working project directory pdiff (1P) - differential project comparator pdx (1) - pascal debugger perror, gerror, ierrno (3F) - get system error messages perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr (3) - system error messages pexec (1P) - execute command over project hierarchy pfind (1P) - find files in projects pgrep (1P) - search files in a project hierarchy for a pattern phelp (p\ze\h'0.1m'\v'(1P) -0.4m'-\v'0.4m'\h'0.1m'\'help) - on-line help for a project phones (5) - remote host phone number data base pi (1) - Pascal interpreter code translator pic (1) - troff preprocessor for drawing simple pictures pick (1) - select messages by content pipe (2) - create an interprocess communication channel pix (1) - Pascal interpreter and executor plog (1P) - record progress of a project plot (1G) - graphics filters plot (5) - graphics interface plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl (3X) - graphics interface pman (1P) - print project manual pmerge (1) - pascal file merger pmkdir (1P) - make a project directory pmv (1P) - move or rename files popen, pclose (3) - initiate I/O to/from a process postnews (1) - submit news articles ppd (1P) - list project directories pr (1) - print file prev (1) - show the previous message print (1) - pr to the line printer printcap (5) - printer capability data base printenv (1) - print out the environment printf, fprintf, sprintf (3S) - formatted output conversion prmail (1) - print out mail in the post office prmdir (1P) - remove a project directory prof (1) - display profile data profil (2) - execution time profile prompter (1) - prompting editor front end protocols (5) - protocol name data base ps (1) - process status ps (4) - Evans and Sutherland Picture System 2 graphics device interface psignal, sys_siglist (3) - system signal messages pstat (8) - print system facts ptest (1P) - test a project module pti (1) - phototypesetter interpreter ptrace (2) - process trace ptx (1) - permuted index pty (4) - pseudo terminal driver pup (4F) - Xerox PUP-I protocol family pup (4P) - raw PUP socket interface putc, fputc (3F) - write a character to a fortran logical unit putc, putchar, fputc, putw (3S) - put character or word on a stream puts, fputs (3S) - put a string on a stream pwd (1) - working directory name pwp (1P) - print working project name px (1) - Pascal interpreter pxp (1) - Pascal execution profiler pxref (1) - Pascal cross-reference program qsort (3) - quicker sort qsort (3F) - quick sort quiz (6) - test your knowledge quot (8) - summarize file system ownership quota (1) - display disc usage and limits quota (2) - manipulate disk quotas quotacheck (8) - file system quota consistency checker quotaon, quotaoff (8) - turn file system quotas on and off rain (6) - animated raindrops display rand, drand, irand (3F) - return random values rand, srand (3C) - random number generator random, srandom, initstate, setstate (3) - better random number generator; routines for changing generators ranlib (1) - convert archives to random libraries ratfor (1) - rational Fortran dialect rc (8) - command script for auto-reboot and daemons rcmd, rresvport, ruserok (3X) - routines for returning a stream to a remote command rcp (1C) - remote file copy rcs (1) - change RCS file attributes rcs (1R) - change RCS file attributes rcsdiff (1) - compare RCS revisions rcsdiff (1R) - compare RCS revisions rcsintro (1) - introduction to RCS commands rcsintro (1R) - introduction to RCS commands rcsmerge (1) - merge RCS revisions rcsmerge (1R) - merge RCS revisions rdist (1) - remote file distribution program rdump (8C) - file system dump across the network re_comp, re_exec (3) - regular expression handler read, readv (2) - read input readlink (2) - read value of a symbolic link readnews (1) - read news articles reboot (2) - reboot system or halt processor reboot (8) - UNIX bootstrapping procedures recnews (8) - receive unprocessed articles via mail recv, recvfrom, recvmsg (2) - receive a message from a socket refer (1) - find and insert literature references in documents remote (5) - remote host description file rename (2) - change the name of a file rename (3F) - rename a file renice (8) - alter priority of running processes repl (1) - reply to a message repquota (8) - summarize quotas for a file system reset (1) - reset the teletype bits to a sensible state restore (8) - incremental file system restore rev (1) - reverse lines of a file rexec (3X) - return stream to a remote command rexecd (8C) - remote execution server rlog (1) - print log messages and other information about RCS files rlog (1R) - print log messages and other information about RCS files rlogin (1C) - remote login rlogind (8C) - remote login server rm, rmdir (1) - remove (unlink) files or directories rmail (1) - handle remote mail received via uucp rmdir (2) - remove a directory file rmdir, rm (1) - remove (unlink) directories or files rmf (1) - remove folder rmm (1) - remove messages rmproject (1P) - remove a project root directory rmt (8C) - remote magtape protocol module roffbib (1) - run off bibliographic database rogue (6) - Exploring The Dungeons of Doom route (8C) - manually manipulate the routing tables routed (8C) - network routing daemon rrestore (8C) - restore a file system dump across the network rs (1) - reshape a data array rsh (1C) - remote shell rshd (8C) - remote shell server ruptime (1C) - show host status of local machines rwho (1C) - who's logged in on local machines rwhod (8C) - system status server rx (4) - DEC RX02 floppy disk interface rxformat (8V) - format floppy disks sa, accton (8) - system accounting sail (PUBLIC) - multi-user wooden ships and iron men savecore (8) - save a core dump of the operating system scan (1) - produce a one-line-per-message scan listing scandir (3) - scan a directory scanf, fscanf, sscanf (3S) - formatted input conversion sccstorcs (8) - build RCS file from SCCS file sccstorcs (8) - build RCS file from SCCS file script (1) - make typescript of terminal session sed (1) - stream editor select (2) - synchronous i/o multiplexing send (1) - send a message send, sendto, sendmsg (2) - send a message from a socket sendbug (1) - mail a system bug report to 4bsd-bugs sendmail (8) - send mail over the internet sendnews (8) - send news articles via mail services (5) - service name data base setbuf, setbuffer, setlinebuf (3S) - assign buffering to a stream setgroups (2) - set group access list setjmp, longjmp (3) - non-local goto setpgrp (2) - set process group setquota (2) - enable/disable quotas on a file system setregid (2) - set real and effective group ID setreuid (2) - set real and effective user ID's setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid (3) - set user and group ID sh, for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait (1) - command language show (1) - show (list) messages shutdown (2) - shut down part of a full-duplex connection shutdown (8) - close down the system at a given time sigblock (2) - block signals signal (3C) - simplified software signal facilities signal (3F) - change the action for a signal sigpause (2) - atomically release blocked signals and wait for interrupt sigsetmask (2) - set current signal mask sigstack (2) - set and/or get signal stack context sigvec (2) - software signal facilities sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 (3M) - trigonometric functions sinh, cosh, tanh (3M) - hyperbolic functions size (1) - size of an object file sleep (1) - suspend execution for an interval sleep (3) - suspend execution for interval sleep (3F) - suspend execution for an interval snake, snscore (6) - display chase game socket (2) - create an endpoint for communication socketpair (2) - create a pair of connected sockets soelim (1) - eliminate \&.so's from nroff input sort (1) - sort or merge files sortbib (1) - sort bibliographic database spell, spellin, spellout (1) - find spelling errors spline (1G) - interpolate smooth curve split (1) - split a file into pieces splscr (1) - view text on split screen spmsintro (1P) - introduction to SPMS commands stab (5) - symbol table types stat, lstat, fstat (2) - get file status stat, lstat, fstat (3F) - get file status stdio (3S) - standard buffered input/output package sticky (8) - executable files with persistent text strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex (3) - string operations strings (1) - find the printable strings in a object, or other binary, file strip (1) - remove symbols and relocation bits struct (1) - structure Fortran programs stty (1) - set terminal options stty, gtty (3C) - set and get terminal state (defunct) style (1) - analyze surface characteristics of a document su (1) - substitute user id temporarily sum (1) - sum and count blocks in a file swab (3) - swap bytes swapon (2) - add a swap device for interleaved paging/swapping swapon (8) - specify additional device for paging and swapping symlink (2) - make symbolic link to a file symorder (1) - rearrange name list sync (2) - update super-block sync (8) - update the super block syscall (2) - indirect system call sysline (1) - display system status on status line of a terminal syslog (8) - log systems messages syslog, openlog, closelog (3) - control system log syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask (3) - control system log syslogd (8) - log systems messages systat (1) - display system statistics on a crt system (3) - issue a shell command system (3F) - execute a UNIX command tabs (1) - set terminal tabs tail (1) - deliver the last part of a file talk (1) - talk to another user tar (1) - tape archiver tar (5) - tape archive file format tbl (1) - format tables for nroff or troff tc (1) - photoypesetter simulator tcp (4P) - Internet Transmission Control Protocol tcsh (LOCAL) - New C shell with tenex-like file name completion (and more) tee (1) - pipe fitting telnet (1C) - user interface to the TELNET protocol telnetd (8C) - DARPA TELNET protocol server tempo (1) - print or set the network date term (7) - conventional names for terminals termcap (5) - terminal capability data base test (1) - condition command tex, initex, virtex (1L) - text formatting and typesetting tftpd (8C) - DARPA Trivial File Transfer Protocol server tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs (3X) - terminal independent operation routines time (1) - time a command time, ctime, ltime, gmtime (3F) - return system time time, ftime (3C) - get date and time times (3C) - get process times tip, cu (1C) - connect to a remote system tk (1) - paginator for the Tektronix 4014 tm (4) - TM-11/TE-10 magtape interface topen, tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate (3F) - f77 tape I/O touch (1) - update date last modified of a file tp (1) - manipulate tape archive tp (5) - DEC/mag tape formats tr (1) - translate characters traper (3F) - trap arithmetic errors trapov (3F) - trap and repair floating point overflow trek (6) - trekkie game trman (1) - translate version 6 manual macros to version 7 macros troff (1) - text formatting and typesetting troff, nroff (1) - text formatting and typesetting trpfpe, fpecnt (3F) - trap and repair floating point faults trpt (8C) - transliterate protocol trace true, false (1) - provide truth values truncate (2) - truncate a file to a specified length ts (4) - TS-11 magtape interface tset (1) - terminal dependent initialization tsort (1) - topological sort tty (1) - get terminal name tty (4) - general terminal interface ttynam, isatty (3F) - find name of a terminal port ttyname, isatty, ttyslot (3) - find name of a terminal ttys (5) - terminal initialization data tu (4) -/730 and VAX-11/750 TU58 console cassette interface tunefs (8) - tune up an existing file system types (5) - primitive system data types uda (4) - UDA-50 disk controller interface udp (4P) - Internet User Datagram Protocol ul (1) - do underlining umask (2) - set file creation mode mask umodem (1) - Version 3.1 -- UNIX-Based Remote File Transfer Facility un (4) - Ungermann-Bass interface ungetc (3S) - push character back into input stream unifdef (1) - remove ifdef'ed lines uniq (1) - report repeated lines in a file units (1) - conversion program unlink (2) - remove directory entry unlink (3F) - remove a directory entry up (4) - unibus storage module controller/drives update (8) - periodically update the super block uptime (1) - show how long system has been up users (1) - compact list of users who are on the system ut (4) - UNIBUS TU45 tri-density tape drive interface utime (3C) - set file times utimes (2) - set file times utmp, wtmp (5) - login records uu (4) - TU58/DECtape II UNIBUS cassette interface uuclean (8C) - uucp spool directory clean-up uucp, uulog (1C) - unix to unix copy uuencode (5) - format of an encoded uuencode file uuencode,uudecode (1C) - encode/decode a binary file for transmission via mail uurec (8) - receive processed news articles via mail uusend (1C) - send a file to a remote host uusnap (8C) - show snapshot of the UUCP system uux (1C) - unix to unix command execution va (4) - Benson-Varian interface vacation (1) - return ``I am on vacation'' indication valloc (3) - aligned memory allocator varargs (3) - variable argument list vfont (5) - font formats for the Benson-Varian or Versatec vfontinfo (1) - inspect and print out information about UNIX fonts vfork (2) - spawn new process in a virtual memory efficient way vgrind (1) - grind nice listings of programs vgrindefs (5) - vgrind's language definition data base vhangup (2) - virtually ``hangup'' the current control terminal vi (1) - screen oriented (visual) display editor based on ex vipw (8) - edit the password file vlimit (3C) - control maximum system resource consumption vlp (1) - Format Lisp programs to be printed with nroff, vtroff, or troff vmstat (1) - report virtual memory statistics vp (4) - Versatec interface vpr, vprm, vpq, vprint (1) - raster printer/plotter spooler vtimes (3C) - get information about resource utilization vtroff (1) - troff to a raster plotter vv (4) - Proteon proNET 10 Megabit ring vwidth (1) - make troff width table for a font w (1) - who is on and what they are doing wait (1) - await completion of process wait (3F) - wait for a process to terminate wait, wait3 (2) - wait for process to terminate wall (1) - write to all users wc (1) - word count what (1) - show what versions of object modules were used to construct a file whatis (1) - describe what a command is whereis (1) - locate source, binary, and or manual for program which (1) - locate a program file including aliases and paths (csh only) who (1) - who is on the system whoami (1) - print effective current user id whois (1) - DARPA Internet user name directory service worm (6) - Play the growing worm game worms (6) - animate worms on a display terminal write (1) - write to another user write, writev (2) - write on a file wump (6) - the game of hunt-the-wumpus xsend, xget, enroll (1) - secret mail xstr (1) - extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings yacc (1) - yet another compiler-compiler yes (1) - be repetitively affirmative zork (6) - the game of dungeon